... the formula is false. Universally
quantified formulae are evaluated similarly. The
evaluation of a boolean connective is a straightfor-
ward recursion. In the case of a conjunction, e.g.,
each ... NEGRA export for-
mat. CLAUS Report 98, Universitat des Saarlandes,
Computerlinguistik, Saarbriicken, Germany.
Erhard Hinrichs, Julia Bartels, Yasuhiro Kawata, Valia
Kordoni, and Heike Telljohann. ... need an initialisation step
that transforms the NEGRA format into one that
can be queried a lot faster. The query format is
a compact binary representation of the relations
of the trees. Each...
... flavor, and
stronger in after-taste than the sample with a regular aroma
concentration. The heightened aroma concentration caused
a slight off-flavor described as ‘artificial’.
The manufacturer packaged ... significant interaction of day and aroma
on the pleasantness ratings of the young, implicating an
increase in pleasantness of the heightened aroma sample in
the presence of health-related information. ... (Thomas-Danguin et al.,
200 3a) ).
Data analysis
Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to test
the within-subject effect of aroma concentration of the
sample (two levels) and the day of eating (three...
... stabilities. Remarkably, we
have found that, at least in some circumstances, a quanti-
tative correlation to biophysical data can be obtained from
a statistical analysis of selected phage populations ... Another major focus has been to obtain quanti-
tative data on b-sheet stability determinants. We have suc-
cessfully adapted a phage-display method for quantitating
a nities of protein variants (shotgun ... the association of the variable heavy chain (V
H
)with
protein A was used as a surrogate for direct stability
measurements. The V
H
domains in camelid heavy chain
antibodies are most similar to...
... discriminant analysis (LDA).Thisstatistical
multivariate method is supervised. It searches for the
variables containing the greatest interclass variance and
the smallest intraclass variance, and constructs ... Many
parameters can be adjusted for increasing the efficiency of
the algorithm. The data were analysed with a window of five
wavenumbers, assuming that adjacent wavenumbers are
highly corr elated. ... selection. Statistical
analysis, including variable reduction and linear discrimi-
nant analysis was performed on sensitive and multiresistant
cells spectra in order to establish a diagnostic tool for
multiresistant...
... 2007), has recently reached
an acceptable level of lexical and grammatical
coverage.
Fips relies on generative grammar concepts, and
is basically made up of a generic parsing module
which can be ... its
(manually-built) lexicon. It contains detailed mor-
phosyntactic and semantic information, namely,
selectional properties, subcategorization informa-
tion, and syntactico-semantic features that are
likely ... with a parallel concordancer to aug-
ment the lexicon of a rule-based machine-
translation system. The tool is part of a
larger extraction system that relies, in turn,
on a multilingual parser...
... Implementation and External Libraries
The tool is a desktop application written in Java.
It uses external libraries for natural language pro-
cessing from Stanford, namely Stanford POS Tag-
ger (Toutanova ... Corpora: Pragmatics and Discourse, pages
247–269. Rodopi, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Toutanova et al.2003] Kristina Toutanova, Dan Klein,
Christopher Manning, and Yoram Singer. 2003.
Feature-rich part-of-speech ... (Chuck and
Young, 2004).
Computer-assisted tools that support manual
assessment based on checklists require natural
language understanding. Due to the complexity
of language, today’s natural language...
... 4th
DARPA Speech and Natural Language Workshop,
pages 152-157, Pacific Grove, CA., 1991. Morgan
Kaufmann.
[Gale and Church, 1991b] William A. Gale and
Kenneth W. Church. A program for alinging ... they happen, can only have
a very local effect. To demonstrate this, let us con-
sider a concrete example. An English and a French
versions of a software manual contain 628 and 640
paragraphs, ...
shemtov@parc.xerox.com
1 Introduction
Making use of previously translated texts is a very
appealing idea that can be of considerable prac-
tical and economical benefit as a translation aid.
There...
... graphical tool
for performing human error analysis, from any MT
system and for any language pair. BLAST has a
graphical user interface, and is designed to be easy
1
The BiLingual Annotation/Annotator/Analysis ... machine translation
evaluation. Machine Translation, 17(1):43–75.
Masaki Murata, Kiyotaka Uchimoto, Qing Ma, Toshiyuki
Kanamaru, and Hitoshi Isahara. 2005. Analysis of
machine translation systems’ ... existing annota-
tions, and for searching among annotations.
BLAST can handle two types of annotations: er-
ror annotations and support annotations. Error an-
notations are based on a hierarchical...
... 93–206.
Laviano, R., 1987. Analisi mineralogica quantitativa di argille me-
diante diffrattometria di raggi X. In: ENEA (Ed.), Procedure di
analisi di materiali argillosi. Collana di studi ambientali, ... Trincardi, F., 1999. Stratigrafia ed evoluzione am-
bientale olocenica della pianura costiera ferrarese e dell’antis-
tante mare adriatico. Conferenza Le pianure: Conoscenza e
salvaguardia; il ... Geo-
chimica dei sedimenti sepolti della Pianura Padana—uno stru-
mento per valutare la qualita’ dell’ambiente. Conf erenza Le
pianure: Conoscenza e salvaguardia; il ruolo delle scienze della
terra,...
... especially those in the
narrative domain. Users can create for-
mal propositions to represent spans of text,
as well as temporal relations and other
aspects of narrative. A built-in natural-
language ... is that a model
with a wider scope is more challenging for anno-
tators. For example, part-of-speech tagging is an
easier task than PropBank annotation. We believe
that careful user interface ... cre-
ate semantic encodings of short fables.
We present this tool as a stand-alone, re-
usable resource for research in semantics
in which formal encoding of text, espe-
cially in a narrative form,...
... about ProLiV can be found in (Gavrila
et al, 2006) or in (Gavrila et al, TBA) and on
4
The animations integrated are for the LSA algorithm
tested on an example and for matrix multiplication
the ProLiV ... the information, but also sev-
eral visualization methods (as images and anima-
tions
4
). Beside the lessons, there are implemented
a term dictionary and an environment for testing
LSA parameters.
4.1 ... algorithm
3. LSA Applications - It presents the applica-
tion areas for the LSA, LSA limitations and
critics. Also a comparison with other similar
algorithms is made.
4. Compendium of Mathematics - It...
... files
(suitable for “live” data).
1 Introduction
Syntactically annotated treebanks are a great re-
source of linguistic information that is available
hardly or not at all in flat text corpora. Retrieving
this ... AFNLP
System forQueryingSyntactically Annotated Corpora
Petr Pajas
Charles Univ. in Prague, MFF
´
UFAL
Malostransk
´
e n
´
am. 25
118 00 Prague 1 – Czech Rep.
pajas@ufal.mff.cuni.cz
Jan
ˇ
St
ˇ
ep
´
anek
Charles ... PML as its native data format and already of-
fers all kinds of tools for work with treebanks in
several formats using on-the-fly transformation to
PML (for XML input via XSLT).
The whole framework...