a new dataset and method for automatically grading esl texts

... Essay Assessor (IEA) (Landauer et al., 2003) uses Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) (Lan- dauer and Foltz, 1998) to compute the semantic sim- ilarity between texts, at a specific grade point, and a ... approach to the task, and provide results for our system on this dataset. We address automated assessment as a supervised discriminative machine learning problem and par- ticularly as a rank preference ... increase, standardised and independent evalua- tion methods are important. We make such a dataset of ESOL examination scripts available 1 (see Section 2 for more details), describe our novel approach...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

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... mutation, 5¢-CGGAACCCC GCAGGTCGAGTTTCC-3¢ and 5 ¢-GA CGAGGTGCTCGGGGCTCTT-3¢; Met121Ala muta- tion, 5 ¢-ATCAGTCCG GCACTTGGGGGAACC-3¢ and 5¢-GAGGACGTCGAAGAGGATGGGTTACAG-3¢. The mutatio n (codon underlined above) was ... Zeta, Phi, Tau and O mega [3,4,9]. Whereas Zeta, Theta and Omega classes of GSTs are found in plants and animals, the large Phi and Tau classes a re unique to plants [9]. In maize ( Zea m ays L), 42 ... fractional residual activity of the partial active enzyme intermediate, and k fast and k slow are the rate constants for the slow a nd fast phase of the reaction. Analysis was performed using the GRAFIT (Erithacus Software...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 16:20

... by far the largest hand-annotated compound noun dataset in existence that we are aware of. Proper nouns were not included. The next largest available datasets have a vari- ety of drawbacks for ... interpreta- tion in general text. Kim and Baldwin’s (2005) dataset is the second largest available dataset, but inter-annotator agreement was only 52.3%, and the annotations had an usually lopsided ... publicly available, semantically annotated datasets. Size Work 17509 Tratz and Hovy, 2010 2169 Kim and Baldwin, 2005 2031 Girju, 2007 1660 Rosario and Hearst, 2001 1443 Ó Séaghdha and Copestake,...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:20

... years, FDA's approval and subsequent market acceptance of Synagis, a monoclonal antibody indicated for prevention and treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has heralded a new era ... Prevention and Treatment, as an alternative to vaccines and chemical compound based antiviral drugs, may prove to be particularly valuable in the areas where vaccines and/ or chemical drugs can not ... HIV/AIDS I/II Tipranavir TIPRANAVIR HIV/AIDS III HXB AAI International, AnaaiPharma Company Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 Preclinical MEDI-491 MedImmune Human B19 parvovirus I Synagis™ (Palivizumab)...

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Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20

... pseudo- disambiguation task. Additionally, because LDA-SP is based on a for- mal probabilistic model, it has the advantage that it can naturally be applied in many scenarios. For example, we can obtain ... M. Wallach, Jason Naradowsky, David A. Smith, and Andrew McCallum. 2009. Polylingual topic models. In EMNLP. David Newman, Arthur Asuncion, Padhraic Smyth, and Max Welling. 2009. Distributed algorithms ... Branavan, Regina Barzilay, and David R. Karger. 2009. Global models of document structure using latent permutations. In NAACL. Stephen Clark and David Weir. 2002. Class-based probability estimation...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

Ngày tải lên: 09/03/2014, 01:20

... determinant of health (Paper prepared for the Canada-USA Forum on Women’s Health). Ottawa: Health Canada. Kawachi, I., & Berkman, L. F. (2001). Social ties and mental health. Journal of Urban Health, 78, ... Erica van Roosmalen, Independent scholar/consultant, Ontario, Canada. Miriam Stewart, Institute of Gender and Health, University of Albert, Canada. Susan Kirkland, Department of Community Health ... dyadic adjustment: New scales for assessing the quality of mar- riage and similar dyads. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 38, 15-28. Stoney, C. M., & Engebretson, T. O. (1994). Anger and...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 21:20

... shared among all types; adding enough unshared new bits to maximal elements to satisfy cardinal- ity constraints; adding one new bit to each non- maximal meet irreducible type; and propagating all ... ERG contain thou- sands of types. We use binary constraints be- tween every pair of types, for a total of millions of constraints and these are variables and con- straints over a domain of sets, ... set programming constraints always take a particular form: if x is a UL and a successor of y, then the constraints on its set S x are exactly that |S x | = λ + 1, S x ⊆ S y , and S x has intersection...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

... items and the evaluation of areas are separate, it is possible for e.g. company management to define importance for areas and for e.g. expert panels to evaluate specific areas. This approach also ... methodological approaches supplement each other at least partially is known as a relative view. (Arbnor I & Bjerke B 1997). The advantages and disadvantages of a selected research strategy ... figures and methods as well as their applicability in various cases have been thoroughly explained and studied in a number of researches and publications (e.g. 46 The basically qualitative AHP methodology...

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 02:20

... films and layered materials and by a proper choice of doping and catalyst elements as well as by integrating several sensing elements on one chip, and by reducing the size and layout of a heating ... develop new advanced gas sensors with enhanced performance based on new materials such as epitaxial tin dioxide, porous silicon and layered tungsten trioxide together with new micromechanical air ... sensor surfaces. The new epitaxial and layered semiconductor materials have been chosen to maximize the sensitivity and the long-term stability. On the other hand, the new micromechanical air bridge...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:05