a modification of the lockhart equation

... parameter per unit leaf area (Evans & Loreto 2000) Data about a similar parameter, chloroplast area per leaf area, are more widely available and vary by an order of magnitude among species (Table ... resistance can be estimated by measuring the rate of evaporation from a water-saturated piece of filter paper of exactly the same shape and size as that of the leaf Conditions that affect the boundary ... water vapor transport); and E is the rate of leaf transpiration E can be measured directly The water vapor concentration in the leaf can be calculated from measurements of the leaf’s 21 equation...

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2015, 15:00

... components together, it acts as a cofactor in the activation of Plg to plasmin The ability of TN to accumulate by one or another mechanism the active tPA in the extracellular matrix enables a higher ... validates the direct application of Eqn (1) for calculation of va at different Plg-concentrations The nal data are presented in Fig as a plot of the reaction velocity va vs the concentration of ... form of tPA and thereby poises the equilibrium towards accumulation of the active conformation The net result is an increased concentration of active tPA capable of cleaving Plg [17] An analogous...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 03:20

... increase, HS grade, and the impairment of the IGF-I axis might represent different aspects of the same process, i.e., the chronic inflammation status, as an example of the maladaptation of obesity ... 38:1063-1068 Loaeza-del-Castillo A, Paz-Pineda F, Oviedo-Cardenas E, Sanchez-Avila F, Vargas-Vorackova F: AST to platelet ratio index (APRI) for the noninvasive evaluation of liver fibrosis Ann Hepatol ... coordinated the acquisition of the data and carried out the statistical analysis GP, ADR, VN, AR, FO carried out the clinical investigations GT performed ultrasonography SS and GT drafted the manuscript...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... increase, HS grade, and the impairment of the IGF-I axis might represent different aspects of the same process, i.e., the chronic inflammation status, as an example of the maladaptation of obesity ... 38:1063-1068 Loaeza-del-Castillo A, Paz-Pineda F, Oviedo-Cardenas E, Sanchez-Avila F, Vargas-Vorackova F: AST to platelet ratio index (APRI) for the noninvasive evaluation of liver fibrosis Ann Hepatol ... coordinated the acquisition of the data and carried out the statistical analysis GP, ADR, VN, AR, FO carried out the clinical investigations GT performed ultrasonography SS and GT drafted the manuscript...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... patients Anteroposterior and lateral radiographs were also routinely analyzed at each follow-up visit All of the above data were maintained in a computerized database, OrthoTrack (Midlands Orthopaedics, ... femoral implant fixation type, and the size of the femoral component were each defined as explanatory variables These explanatory variables of age, gender, body mass index, T-score, and the size of ... as a categorical variable and was divided into the two groups of Osteoarthritis and Not Osteoarthritis; femoral implant fixation type was included as a categorical variable and divided into the...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

... for each density trait was calculated per tree; thus individual trees were used as observations in all statistical analyses The average of 8.5 annual rings with an average cambial age of 25 years ... cores available for further analysis The increment cores consisted of an average of 34 annual rings (table III); thus a total of more than 600 individual annual rings were scanned For further analysis, ... bark separately in order to examine radial variations, and the coefficient of variation (CV) for density and ring width was calculated for each tree An attempt was made to manually establish a juvenile-mature...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:21

... Wysokinska, A. , S Kondracki, D Kowalewski, A Adamiak, E Muczynska (2009) Effect of seasonal factor on the ejaculate properties of crossbred DurocxPiétrain and PiétrainxDuroc boars as well as purebred ... pen The training of the young boars was started from 8.5 months of age The interval between two collections was to days Animal husbandry was identically applied to all groups All pigs were reared ... Frédéric, Pascal Leroy and Đặng Vũ Bình The data were analyzed using the general linear model (GLM) procedure of SAS software (SAS 1989) in order to identify significant sources of variation The least-squares...

Ngày tải lên: 28/08/2013, 11:59

... neurons A previous in vitro study indicated that the RasGEF activity of v-KIND induces the phosphorylation of MAP2 by JNK1 and ⁄ or ERK via the activation of the Ras–Raf–MAP kinase pathway [12] These ... signal transduction pathways [1,2] The kinase noncatalytic C-lobe domain (KIND) was determined to be a putative signaling domain based on bioinformatic analysis of the N-terminal sequence of the ... regulates the dendrite arborization patterns that are critical for shaping neuronal circuits, and also may provide a clue to the understanding of some MAP2-associated neurodegenerative and psychiatric...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 19:20

... EGF and the concentration obtained with PMA only Apparently, EGF and PMA act synergistically on the quasisteady state-phase of the profile, but not on the initial peak As the individual peak shapes ... as a quasi steady-state, as the ERKPP concentration remains at approximately the same level for a relatively long period of time (compared to the time that was needed to attain this concentration) ... (m) of PMA The data are averages of four independent experiments, the error bars represent the standard error of the mean The drawn lines represent the curve fits that were obtained using a Michaelis–Menten...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20

... broadening the tax base by reducing or eliminating various tax preferences The Romney campaign has asserted that all this can be done in a way that raises the same amount of revenue as under the ... minimum tax, taxation of dividends and capital gains at a maximal rate of 15 percent, elimination of taxes on interest, dividends and capital gains for families whose incomes are under $200,000, and ... argot of tax revenue estimators, these changes are referred to as micro-dynamic behavioral responses At the same time, the TPC model assumes that regardless of the tax rate, people work the same amount,...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 19:20

... clinical assistance team at each PCC was appointed as liaison officer between the PCC and the technical group The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Hospital Ramón y Cajal Eligibility ... Hospital Ramón y Cajal SERMAS Madrid Spain Unidad de Formación e Investigación Área de Atención Primaria Madrid Spain 4Unidad de Epidemiolog a Clínica Hospital Carlos III SERMAS Madrid Spain Authors’ ... contributions MASF conceived of the study and participated in its design and perfomed the statistical analysis and drafted the manuscript FJAB, JCAH, CBL drafted the manuscript and made substantial contributions...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 22:21

... We then distinguish between the two copies of A in the boundary of M − A by labeling A+ the copy of A where the normal points outward and A the copy of A where the normal points inward Similarly ... label the two copies of A in the boundary of MZ − AZ , A+ and A All four of these annuli are isometric to A Z Z and we use this isometry to define an equivalence relation between points on A+ ... points on A+ and A and between A and A+ Namely, if p1 ∈ A+ and p2 ∈ A then Z Z Z p1 ∼ p2 if they are mapped to the same point by the isometry to A Similarly define an equivalence relation for...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 08:21

... lead to gains in forecasting In particular, models that incorporate a gradual change in parameters and also include a large set of explanatory variables particularly well as far as the inflation ... methodology Data Our main data set consists of quarterly annualised real GDP growth, quarterly annualised inflation and the three-month Treasury bill rate Quarterly data on these variables is available ... covariance) and the rolling VAR model have the lowest RMSE after the UC model At the four-quarter horizon, the TVP-FAVAR, the TVP-VAR and the BMA procedure also deliver forecasts almost as accurate as the...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 14:20

... Guatemala Guyana Haiti Honduras Iceland India Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Kenya Korea, Republic of Liberia Malaysia Malta Mauritius Mexico Nepal Netherlands New Zealand Niger Norway Pakistan ... panel data set Norway Pakistan Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Portugal Rwanda Senegal Sierra Leone South Africa Spain Sri Lanka Sudan Sweden Switzerland Syria Taiwan Thailand ... Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Fiji Finland France Gambia Germany Ghana Great Britain Greece Guatemala Guyana Haiti Honduras Iceland India Indonesia Iran Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 19:20

... through misleading press releases about demand instantly saturing increased capacity of data links, releases that were contradicted by the data available on their Web site (Details are available in ... 2001, and then a resumption of almost-doubling, with growth of 83% in 2002 There are several additional noteworthy aspects to the Australian data One is that, as a glance at Table shows, the intensity ... until the arrival of the Internet, data traffic had been growing at something like 30% per year It is possible that the rapid spurt of growth we have witnessed was an aberration, a catch-up phase as...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 21:20

... Developmental roles of pseudouridine synthases G Tortoriello et al and all eukaryotes, members of the dyskerin family associate with small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) of the H ⁄ ACA class to form one of the ... to the P compartment, as confirmed by the significant increase in the A ⁄ P compartment ratio (Fig 3F) The numbers of cells were almost identical in standard square areas from the A and P compartments, ... proteins and died At 48 h after induction, mfl 05 cells were viable and capable of covering large areas of the disc (Fig 8A) , indicating that the mfl 05 mutation is not lethal at the cellular level Large...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 22:21

... generated by capital and labour and the level of technology The other takes the perspective of the international economy and studies international trade, migration, and movements of capital The ... history This part also introduces computer software (STATA or comparable) for quantitative analysis In the second part of the course, students analyze a quantitative problem using actual data from economic ... evaluation and analysis of economic facts and ideas, and good communication skills Graduates of this programme are particularly equipped for analytical and planning work in government and international...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 05:20

... nitrogen concentration of 40 mM and the cell growth was inhibited at a high initial nitrogen concentration of 80 mM Similarly, the accumulation of total saponin and polysaccharide were also influenced ... culture maintenance [6] But use of this suspected carcinogen often create health and safety concerns Alterations in the environmental factors such as nutrient levels, light, and temperature may also ... initial nitrogen concentration in the medium The maximum production of ginseng saponin and polysaccharide obtained (1.5 g/L and 2.19 g/L) at the initial nitrogen concentration of 40 mM.[14] In the...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 10:20

... local fauna local ecosystems (the interaction of all of the above) All of these aspects need to be surveyed and evaluated before landscapes can be changed in design The ‘natural’ elements of water, ... tabula rasa o Models of design and qualities of place Sweeping away old landscape for new is sometimes confused with creativity and originality in design A tabula rasa approach to landscape architecture, ... and Fabric in Landscape Architecture Form and Fabric in Landscape Architecture provides an original, visual approach to the study of landscape architecture by creating a spatial morphology based...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 17:20

... reached the stage of full expansion of the L4 Growth parameters were measured immediately: i.e shoot length, length and width of each leaf The leaf area was calculated according to Mocquot et al ... variables were calculated with STATITCF 4.0 (ITCF, Boigneville, F.) Data for the morphological parameters were analysed using a conventional analysis of variance, and the Newman–Keuls test at ... Merlo L, Dalla Vecchia F and Passera C 1993 Effect of cadmium on photosynthesis and enzymes of photosynthetic sulphate and nitrate assimilation pathways in maize (Zea mays L.) Photosynthetica 29,...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:22