a linguistically sound model

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 21:20

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:30

Ngày tải lên: 06/09/2013, 05:48

... first solve (1) and (2) simultaneously numerically, and then integrate (3) to obtain the function A   . 32.3 Calibration Let  0  0 be given. The value at time t of a bond maturing at time t + ... , 1 2  2 2 C 2 2  ; (3) A 0 = 0; Chapter 32 A two-factor model (Duffie & Kan) Let us define: X 1 t= Interest rate at time t X 2 t= Yield at time t on a bond maturing at time t +  0 Let X 1 0 ... CHAPTER 32. A two-factor model (Duffie & Kan) 321 32.2 Zero-coupon bond prices The value at time t  T of a zero-coupon bond paying $1 at time T is B t; T =IE " exp  , Z T t X 1 u...

Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2013, 02:20

... portals. It is essentially the organizational culture and employee attitudes toward change that matter. Organizational Factors Organizational factors include organizational culture, opportunities ... employees, they may impact the remaining two. For instance, managers may develop an organizational culture that facilitates the implementation of changes, and specifically technological changes. To ... technology and particularly the Internet and the World Wide Web has dramatically changed how organizations operate. The most far-reaching changes to careers are coming from transformations of work and...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 08:20

... transition. As mentioned in an earlier chapter, the density may attain values that are substantially higher than random close packing, and quite close to the crystalline limit [131, 132]. An analogous ... investigations. The model [174] is based on the generalisation of an earlier cellular automaton (CA) model [22, 75, 83, 165] of an avalanching sandpile. This version of the model contains only near-neighbour ... very asymmetrically shaped, and there is a strong preferred orientation, the nonequilibrium regime of granular dynamics will carry all the usual characteristics of ageing. Now recall that that...

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2013, 08:20

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 11:36

Ngày tải lên: 18/12/2013, 10:08

... 4.2: Creating a Logical Data Model In this activity, you will use the skills learned in this module to define the relationships within a logical data model and produce a sample ER diagram for ... the Ferguson and Bardell, Inc. case study. In each of the two exercises in this activity, you analyze a single aspect of a logical data design. At the end of each exercise, the class will discuss ... cardinality and existence characteristics of each of the relationships defined in Exercise 1. ! Identify cardinality 1. For each relationship on your ER diagram, ask the question “How many...

Ngày tải lên: 21/12/2013, 06:16

Ngày tải lên: 03/01/2014, 19:37

... replaced by a floating-rate bond, a floating-rate bond replaced by a fixed-rate bond, and a floating-rate bond replaced by another floating-rate bond with a different index or a different margin. MOTIVATION ... fixed-rate or floating-rate bonds can similarly be investigated by suitably amending the appropriate input variables. Several what-if scenarios can be investigated (or simulated) to determine breakeven ... have to be evaluated on a case by case basis to calculate the exact costs or savings produced by the various interacting variables. Consequently, there is a need for an interactive computer model...

Ngày tải lên: 15/02/2014, 13:20

... outlined above by introducing a very fundamental data structure called Initiative (Fig. 3). An initiative is a generalization of any form of action that has a defined start and end date and is unde rtaken ... rtaken to reach a goal. Therefore, an initiative may be a program, a project, a sub-project, a pro ject phase, a work package, an activity or a task (indicated by the inheritance relationship between ... Their feasibility, profitability, and strategic impact are analyzed so that a final decision can be made regard- ing their implementation (Idea Evaluation). This phase ends with a formal go/no-go...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 07:20

... cellu- lar networks allows the simplification of the set of equations by assuming a steady state of the intra- cellular metabolites. An approach that combines flux balance analysis (FBA) with an ordinary ... unphos- phorylated EIIA inhibits the uptake of other non-PTS carbohydrates by a process called inducer exclusion, whereas phosphorylated EIIA activates adenylate cyclase (CyaA) and leads to an increase ... windows. The analysis of the mutant strains clearly showed that a large experimental effort is necessary for the rational design of bacterial strains based on mathematical models. Nishio et al. [15]...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 13:20

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Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 03:20

... 4: Manual Evaluations Here, we manually evaluate quality of summaries, a common DUC task. Human annotators are given two sets of summary text for each document set, generated from two approaches: ... 12 Overall 24 66 2 Table 4: Frequency results of manual quality evaluations. Results are statistically significant based on t-test. T ie indi- cates evaluations where two summaries are rated equal. according ... using a classifier model.  HIERSUM : (Haghighi and Vanderwende, 2009) A generative summarization method based on topic models, which uses sentences as an addi- tional level. Using an approximation...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... represented by a bag-of-word. Among the words, there is a topic term Avatar (t 1 ) occurring twice, i.e. Avatar in A and Avatar in C, and two senti- ment words comfortable (o 1 ) and favorite (o 2 ) ... 4.1.1 Benchmark Datasets Our experiments are based on the Chinese benchmark dataset, COAE08 (Zhao et al., 2008). COAE dataset is the benchmark data set for the opinion retrieval track in the ... document. A weighted dictionary was generated from previous TREC relevance data (Amati et al., 2007). This dictionary was submit- ted as a query to a search engine to get an initial query-independent...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... Portugal. Federico Sangati and Chiara Mazza. 2009. An English Dependency Treebank ` a la Tesni ` ere. In The 8th In- ternational Workshop on Treebanks and Linguistic Theories, pages 173–184, Milan, ... have chosen the same strategy we have described in (Sangati et al., 2009). The idea consists of utilizing a state of the art parser to compute a list of k-best candidates of a test sentence, and ... utilize a state of the art parser for PS trees (Charniak, 1999), and transform each candidate to TDS. This strategy can be considered a first step to efficiently test and compare different models...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... more information in lexical entries and increasing am- biguity so that other ambiguity types also can be disambiguated in a similar way via lexical cate- gory disambiguation. This idea has been ... Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1999. S. Narayanan and D Jurafsky. A bayesian model predicts human parse preference and reading times in sentence processing. Proceedings of Advances in Neural Information ... friend accepted the man who was very impressed, the tagger showed a repair since it initially preferred a past-participle analy- sis for accepted and later it had to reanalyze. This is a limitation...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 11:21

... it needs a word dictionary and takes long time for searching many character combinations. 61 4.2 Experiment Results and Analyses We used two separate Eumjeol n-grams as lan- guage models for ... single Jaso tran- 3 Jaso is a Korean character. 4 ‘Transition’ means the correct character is changed to other character due to some causes, such as typographical errors. sition case (나와욧Æ나와요 ... because there are several advantages. Since an Eumjeol is a combination of 3 Jasos, the number of all possible Eumjeols is much larger than that of all possible Jasos. In other words, Jaso-based...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20