a computational theory of perspective

... The Ashanti are an AKAN-speaking people of central Ghana and neighboring regions of Togo and Ivory Coast, numbering more than 900,000. They subsist primarily by farming cacao, a major cash ... to a clause, another sentence add,~cl tO a paragraph, and so on. Which attachment points exist at any moment is a function of the surface structure's configuration at that moment and ... relative clauses, not all full clauses can be reduced to participial adjectives. 2. The characteristics of the available attachment points, especiafly the grammatical constraints that they...

Ngày tải lên: 09/03/2014, 01:20

... Zadeh, L .A. , A computational approach to fuzzy quantifiers in natural languages, Computers and Mathematics Y (198 3a) 149-184. Zadeh, L .A. , Linguistic variables, approximate reasoning and ... be a fuzzy set in A (e.g., U A cars and A ~ station wagons). The definition of a typical element of A may be expressed in verbal terms as follows: t is a typical element of A if and ... 3. For each Namei, find the degree to which Name i is young: ai A ~YOUNG[Age=Ai ] , where a i may be interpreted as the grade of 314 6' ~ A and B EAA F A B andD , and Qa= Q1...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 19:21

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 17:20

... that their sys- tem represents a powerful way of dealing with su- perlatives computationally, a closer inspection of their approach, and in particular of the gold stan- dard data set, reveals ... Elements of a Computational Treat- ment of Superlatives For an interpretation of comparisons, two things are generally of interest: What is being compared, and with respect to what this comparison ... IS -A relation that holds between target and comparison set (cf. Relation 2 in Section 3). They 68 are a good initial focus for a computational ap- proach because both their target and comparison...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... modeled as a pop- ulation of "grammars", the set of all principled lan- guage variations made available by the biological en- dowment of the human language faculty. Each gram- mar ... grammars. 2.6 Learning in a Parametric Space Suppose that natural language grammars vary in a parametric space, as cross-linguistic studies sug- gest. 3 We can then study the dynamical behaviors ... seen examples. Many variants and gener- alizations of this scheme are studied in Atkinson et al. (1965), and their thorough mathematical treat- ments can be found in Narendra and Thathac!lar (1989)....

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 19:20

... generating adequate meanings for a locative expression in a particular situation, is our benchmark for representational adequacy. The spatial meaning Of a projective preposi- tional predication ... ideational view of linguistic meaning which, it seems, is an anathema to computational lin- guists. In this paper we take a serious, if infor- mal, look at Ronald Langacker's theory of Cogni- ... is a conceptualiza- tion of the space around a reference object as six 4Natural language sentences are parsed to three branch quantifiers using a prolog DCG grammar, the logical predicates...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 21:20

... H b , < e y ', e x b y ', e x b <y  ', < b  e y >H b , b ', @ e x ) e x b <y>H b , b ', @< e y ZKHUH )  H b , b ',  7KH ... WKDW M [ MAM [ M e y   IRU nQLWH W+HQFH M H b  MAM H b  M e y M [ MAM [ M e y    6LQFH M ' M e y   WKH SURSHUW\  KROGV E\ YLUWXH RI WKH HOHPHQWDU\ LQHTXDOLW\ H b  b '  & M H b  MAM H b  M  ... ,QnQLWH 'LPHQVLRQV&DP EULGJH 8QLYHUVLW\ 3UHVV 1HZ <RUN >@ 'HOODFKHULH & 0H\HU 3$   3UREDELOLWuHV HW SRWHQWLHOYROXPHVDQG +HUPDQQ 3DULV >@ 'HOEDHQ...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 08:20

... M. Sato, M. Nakagawa and N. Makoshi. 2004. Tele-Synopsis for Biblical Research: Development of NLP based Synoptic Software for Text Analysis as a Mediator of Educational Technology and Knowledge ... linguistic and literary-critical approaches to text-reuse analysis, and can be especially help- ful when dealing with a large amount of candidate source texts. Acknowledgements This work grew out of a ... both a simplification of and an ex- tension to the one advocated in (Barzilay and El- hadad, 2003). On the one hand, we perform no para- graph clustering or mapping before sentence align- ment. Ancient...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:21

... effects are contradic- tory. A reasonable view of LetterGen's approach is that there is a acr/pt associated with each speech act that captures the causal chain of effects that poten- tlally ... edges can be traversed (although hey are 1023 A Computational Model of Social Perlocutions David Pautler and Alex Quilici University of Hawaii at Manoa Department of Electrical Engineering ... expressing a demand can bring about compliance, anger, or both, and similarly, anger can be caused by a variety of other acts, such as issuing a threat. In Figure 3, both praising and apologizing are...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 05:21

... "Investigation of Processing Strategies for the Structural Analysis of Arguments"; Proceedings of ACL 81 LCohen 83J Cohen, R.; A Computational Model for the Analysis of Arguments; ... Research Report No. 76-2 [Quirk 72] Quirk, R. et al. ; A Grammar of Contemporary English; Longmans Co., London [Reichman 81] Reichman, R.; "Plain Speaking: A Theory and Grammar of Spontaneous ... rather say 78 The alternative is [Note 77 and 78 are whole phrases]. II Attitudinal expressions These adverbs indicate a degree of belief of the speaker. primarily, principally, especially,...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 18:20

... eztend/retraet can be analyzed as a modifier of cycle, a process word. Fuze setter, a part name, can be treated as a unit because noun sequences consisting of part names are generally local in nature. ... ). In addition, it can be a repair action (alignment, repair), an assistance actions ( assistance ), and so on. Only modifiers with appropriate semantic and syntactic category can be adjoined. ... the Oflace of Naval Research and the Ofllce of Naval Technology PE-62721N. The author gratefully acknowledges the efforts of Joan Bachenko, Judy Froseher, and Ralph Grishman in pro- ceasing...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 18:20

... (healthily) nominal - adnominal keiko no (Keiko-GEN), g~nki na (healthy) verbal - adverbial waratte (laugh-and), amaku (sweetly) verbal - adnominal warau (that laughs), amakatta (that was sweet) ... Tonology. Kaitakusha, Tokyo. Kaplan, Ronald and Joan Bresnan (1982) Lexical Functional Grammar: A Formal System for Grammatical Representation. in The Mental Representation of Grammatical Relations, ... argue instead for the theory assumed here, and a preliminary treatment is presented. A CATEGORIAL UNIFICATION APPROACH TO JAPANESE I will identify the fundamental unit of Japanese syntax...

Ngày tải lên: 09/03/2014, 01:20

... fundamental than character animation for understanding animation as a moving image. The various art tasks associated with animating characters—key frames, in-between animation, clean-up, and ... Kotani Mari, Nakagawa Shigemi, Tatsumi Takayuki, and Ueno Toshiya, as well as my friends Tsuzura Junji and Narita Makoto. In the course of translating essays by Kotani Mari and O ¯ tsuka Eiji ... some of the questions that use of the ani- mation stand raises about the status of the apparatus. As I mentioned above, film studies today shies away from apparatus theory because it smacks of...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 11:12

... Sentence-initial 'then' and sentence- final 'at the time' and 'at the same time' are also included, although we do not discuss their analysis here. There is a range of verbs, ... times: the semantics of 'then'. To appear in a forthcoming issue of Natural Language Seman- tics, 1993. [Glasbey, msl] Sheila Glasbey. Event Structure in Natural Language Discourse. ... climb(X,Y) al named(X,'Emily') named(Y,'Ben Nevis') Figure 2: An EKN proposition abstract or 'type'. anchored to an individual named 'Emily' and Y to an individual...

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 02:20

... works that the artist himself was aware of. Often paintings contain homages to earlier artists and this concept of homage fits what we have said about caricature: the later artist makes a caricature ... evocative of the ‘Sringara Rasa’ or ‘Kama rasa’ (sexual and amorous ecstasy) because the artist is providing a ‘caricature’ that exaggerates the amorous pose. It is as though the artist was been ... produce beautiful drawings. The animal drawings of the eight-year old artist Nadia, for instance, are almost as aesthetically pleasing as those of Leonardo da Vinci! (Plate 8). We would argue that this...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 13:20

... initial and final values are all that is of interest, variables whose values are continuously of interest, variables whose values are known only probabilistically, and variables that account ... terminating and nonterminating computation, to both sequential and parallel computation, to both stand-alone and interactive computation. All at the same time, we can have variables whose initial ... end of execution. Any program may be used as part of a larger program, and it may not be the first part, so we cannot assume that the initial space occupied is 0 , just as we cannot assume that...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 16:20

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 03:20

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 17:20

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2014, 12:06

Ngày tải lên: 12/05/2014, 15:01