5 10 create a summarized budget model for use by upper management

... ( -10) GATE I OR ill ( -10) GATE OR PAGE 01 POWER DISTRIBUTION NETWORK 16 ( -10) GATE 10 OR 17 ( -10) T.IN -PAGE 01 15 ( -10) GATE 12 FAILS GATE AND GATES5 OR AND S13 P0 P.E NFrLSZ FAIL 14 ( -10) GATE ... EDGE: GAIN LAG DEADTIME CONDITIONAL EDGE CONDITION FO CONDITIONALOGAIN Fig Elements of a "cause and effect" digraph 13s/ P ; I Cause and effect models can be developed for in0sal l ar0 dividual devices ... variable is 17 (- 10) , which is on a NFFL and has a "Start of loop" as an input Application of the operator to 17( - 10) gives: M7 -10) OR I GTE2 ( -10 GT E GATE 22 TA and its input 15 are also on NFFLs...

Ngày tải lên: 03/01/2014, 19:37

... have to be evaluated on a case by case basis to calculate the exact costs or savings produced by the various interacting variables Consequently, there is a need for an interactive computer model ... $1 ,50 0,000 $1 ,50 0,000 $1 ,50 0,000 $1 ,50 0,000 $1 ,50 0,000 $1 ,50 0,000 $1 ,50 0,000 $1 ,50 0,000 $1 ,50 0,000 $1 ,50 0,000 $50 ,000,000 24 Journal of Financial and Strategic Decisions TABLE Abbreviated Calculations ... Flotation Costs Interest Payment Maturity Value 7.8 750 % 6.3 750 % 7.1 250 % 8 .56 25% 10. 250 0% 8 .56 25% 7 .56 25% 5. 18 75% 5. 06 25% 4.6 250 % 4 .50 00% 4 .50 00% 6. 250 0% 8.0000% 7.0000% 6.7188% $30,000 $30,000...

Ngày tải lên: 15/02/2014, 13:20

... phases Management levels Supported industries Coveredb Integration management Scope management Time management Cost management Quality management Human resource management Communications management ... model as a template The reference model was used as the basis for a new DIN (German Institute for Standardization) project management data model standard A working group of the German Association ... form of action that has a defined start and end date and is undertaken to reach a goal Therefore, an initiative may be a program, a project, a sub-project, a project phase, a work package, an activity...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 07:20

... standards for all organic foods in the late 1990's because their sale had grown more than 20 per cent a year in that decade In January 1999 the USDA approved a "certified organic" label for meats and ... (recall against unigrams), R-2 (recall against bigrams), and R-SU4 (recall against skip-4 bigrams) Experiment 1: sumHLDA Parameter Analysis: In sumHLDA we introduce a prior different than the standard ... topics that are organized into hierarchies following (Haghighi and Vanderwende, 2009) A hierarchical model is particularly appealing to summarization than a ”flat” model, e.g LDA (Blei et al., 2003b),...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... development in information retrieval, pages 314-321 ACM Giambattista Amati, Edgardo Ambrosi, Marco Bianchi, Carlo Gaibisso, and Giorgio Gambosi 2007 FUB, IASI-CNR and University of Tor Vergata at TREC ... contextual information between the opinion and its corresponding target, Avatar in A and com- 1368 fortable (o1) are also regarded as relevant opinion mistakenly, creating a false positive In reality ... TREC-2006 at Maryland: Blog, Enterprise, Legal and QA Tracks In Proceedings of the 15th Text Retrieval Conference Jahna Otterbacher, Gunes Erkan, and Dragomir R Radev 20 05 Using random walks for question-focused...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... Method for Evaluating Broad-Coverage Parsers In In Proceedings of IJCAI- 95, pages 1420–14 25 Mitchell P Marcus, Mary Ann Marcinkiewicz, and Beatrice Santorini 1993 Building a Large Annotated Corpus ... Krist´ na a c y ˇ Cerm´ kov´ , V´ clav Klimeˇ, Lucie Mladov´ , a a a s a ˇ Jana Sindlerov´ , Krist´ na Tomˇu, and Zdenˇ k a y s˚ e ˇ Zabokrtsk´ 2009 Tectogrammatical Annotation y of the Wall Street ... Probabilistic Synchronous Dependency Insertion Grammars In Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL’ 05) , pages 54 1 54 8 Julia Hockenmaier and Mark...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... Eumjeol n-grams as language models for experiments N-gram A is obtained from only training corpus and n-gram B is obtained from all training and test corpora All accuracies are measured based on ... probabilities or Jaso transition probabilities for spelling error correction for Korean We choose Jaso transition probabilities because there are several advantages Since an Eumjeol is a combination ... combination of Jasos, the number of all possible Eumjeols is much larger than that of all possible Jasos In other words, Jaso-based language model is smaller than Eumjeol-based language model Various...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... Recognition Evaluation (LRE) data The database was intended to establish a baseline of performance capability for language recognition of conversational telephone speech The database contains recorded ... spectra for each language (Sugiyama, 1991) By adopting hidden Markov models, people moved beyond low-level spectral analysis towards modeling a frame sequence into a larger unit such as a phoneme and ... trigram: a) AV1: 32 broad class phonemes as unigram, selected from 12 languages, also referred to as P-ASM as detailed in (Ma et al., 20 05) b) AV2: AV1 augmented by 32 × 32 bigrams of AV1, amounting...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 15:20

... there are some arguments that indicate that this approach has some advantages over localized models such as Eq 5, the potential improvements are relatively small, at least in NLP applications For ... and NAACL Conference (HLT 03), pages 106 108, Edmonton, Canada, June Christoph Tillmann 2004 A Unigram Orientation Model for Statistical Machine Translation In Companian Vol of the Joint HLT and ... Joint HLT and NAACL Conference (HLT 04), pages 177184, Boston, MA, May Christoph Tillmann and Fei Xia 2003 A Phrase-based Unigram Model for Statistical Machine Translation In Companian Vol of...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 15:20

... glottalization is usually associated with fragments, not all fragments are glottalized In our database, 62% of fragments are not glottalized, and 9% of glottalized reparanda offsets are not fragments ... these cases as repairs, as well as to distinguish them from nonfragment repairs Thus, pausal duration may serve as a general acoustic cue for repair detection, particularly for the class of fragment ... we examined in our descriptive analysis, since features such as glottalization and coarticulatory effects had not been labeled in our data base for locations other than DIs Also, we used fairly...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 21:20

... 19 95 Aiache, A The suborbicularis oculi fat pad: An anatomic and clinical study Plast Reconstr Surg 107 : 1602, 2001 Aston, S J Platysma-SMAS cervicofacial rhytidoplasty Clin Plast Surg 10: 50 7, ... of photographs enhanced in Adobe Photoshop 7.0 and materials designed in Maya RESULTS A virtual reality model of surgical superficial facial anatomy was created Included in this model are the superficial ... virtual reality animations to teach cleft palate repair techniques and developed animations that illustrate the biomechanics of eustachian tube dilation as it relates to cleft palate repair.18...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 17:20

... perform POS tagging at the same time, we expand boundary tags to include POS information by attaching a POS to the tail of a boundary tag as a postfix following Ng and Low (2004) As each tag is ... perceptron, other sub-models are trained and used as additional features of the outside-layer linear model We used SRI Language Modelling Toolkit (Stolcke and Andreas, 2002) to train a 3gram word LM with ... drawbacks, we propose a cascaded linear model It has a two-layer architecture, with a perceptron as the core and another linear model as the outside-layer Instead of incorporating all features into the...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 01:20

... International Conference on Computational Linguistics, pp.218-224 COLING-ACL’98 Lance A Ramshaw and Michael P Marcus ( In Press) Text chunking using transformation-based learning In Natural Language ... identifiers assigned to POS tags We used the approach of Katz (Katz.1987) for parameter smoothing, and build a trigram model to predict the probabilities of parameter (1) and (3) In the case that unknown ... the 18 International Conference on Computational Linguistics, pp. 65- 72 ACL’99 S Argamon, I Dagan, and Y Krymolowski (1998) A memory-based approach to learning shallow th language patterns In Proceedings...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 05:20

... Web, pages 951 03 Inderjeet Mani and Mark Maybury, editors 1999 Advances in Automatic Text Summarization The MIT Press Inderjeet Mani 2001 Automatic summarization William C Mann and Sandra A Thompson ... reduction for automatic text summarization In Proceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics NAACL-2000, pages 3103 15, Seattle, ... newspaper text to assist aphasic readers In Proceedings of the AAAI-98 Workshop on Integrating Articial Intelligence and Assistive Technology R Chandrasekar, Christy Doran, and Srinivas Bangalore...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 07:20

... Theory and Application, chapter 9, pages 116– 150 Addison Wesley David Chiang 20 05 A hierarchical phrase-based model for statistical machine translation In Proc ACL, pages 263–270 Association for ... is easily achieved by labeling the root of each adjoined auxiliary tree by a special marker Traditionally, the root label A of an auxiliary tree is replaced by A once adjoined Since we assume ... is a characterization Thus we obtain that τ is an evaluation of a tree transformation computed by an extended tree transducer, and moreover, for each extended tree transducer, the evaluation can...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

... layers of annotations on the same base data separate Today XML has become the de-facto standard representation format for annotated text corpora While the XML standard specifies a data model and ... and serialization format for XML, a semantics is largely left to be defined for a particular application Many data models can be mapped to the XML data model and serialized to XML (cf Sec 2 .5) The ... relational databases But these complicate query formulating because they are tailored to query a low level data storage model rather than a high level annotation data model A high level query language...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 04:20

... Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 1979 [American Express transcripts, 1992] American Express tapes Transcripts of audiotape conversations made at SRI International, Menlo Park, California Prepared by Jaequeline ... conditions are necessary conditions for appropriate use of a plan operator For example, it is inappropriate for R to give an affirmative answer that p if R believes p is false Also, an answer to a Yes-No ... 1983]) have claimed that use of an utterance in a dialogue may create shared expectations about subsequent utterances In particular, a Yes-No question creates the discourse expectation that R will...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 09:20

... C N and Pollack, M E (1991) Incremental Interpretation, Artificial Intelligence, 50 Wang, P (1994), From Inheritance Relation to NonAxiomatic Logic, International Journal of Approximate Reasoning, ... "cognitive plausibility' requirement, we require that the model preserve formal properties that are generally attributed to quantifiers in natural language References Alshawi, H (1990) Resolving Quasi ... disambiguation of "a" in (la) proceeds as follows: l properties and their negation, as shown in Figure below A path from grade and student, s, in addition to disambiguating grade, determines that...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 09:20

... has a header', a parameterized action description that names the plan The parameters of a plan are the parameters in the header Associated with each plan is a set of constraints, which are assertions ... from that treatment invol~es adding an extra argument onto each (nonsurface) speech act, namely a plan parameter that provides the context for the speech act For l) by a direct match with a step ... that we have a hierarchy of plans, whereas all the actions in Allen and Perrault were contained in a single plan By doing so, we have simplified the notion of what a plan is and have solved a...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 19:21

... adaptation for statistical machine translation Machine Translation, 21(4):187–207 Hua Wu, Haifeng Wang, and Chengqing Zong 2008 Domain adaptation for statistical machine translation with domain ... Blei, Andrew Ng, and Michael Jordan 2003 Latent dirichlet allocation JMLR, 3:993 102 2 Marine Carpuat and Dekai Wu 2007 Contextdependent phrasal translation lexicons for statistical machine translation ... word-aligned training data A 4-gram language model was trained on the monolingual data by the SRILM toolkit (Stolcke, 2002) Case-insensitive NIST B LEU (Papineni et al., 2002) was used to mea- 755 ...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 14:20