a probabilistic generative model for go enrichment analysis

... utilize a state of the art parser for PS trees (Charniak, 1999), and transform each candidate to TDS. This strategy can be considered a first step to efficiently test and compare different models before ... next. 3.4 Evaluation Metrics for TDS The re-ranking framework described above, al- lows us to keep track of the original PS of each TDS candidate. This provides an implicit advan- tage for evaluating ... coordination, a linguistic phenomena highly abundant in natural language production, but of- ten neglected when it comes to evaluating parsing resources. We have therefore proposed a special evaluation...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 23:20

... measure shows substantial im- provement in structural disambiguation over a syntax-based approach. 1. Introduction In a large natural language processing system, such as a machine translation ... R&D Road II, Science-Based Industrial Park Hsinchu, TAIWAN 30077, R.O.C. ABSTRACT In natural language processing, ambiguity res- olution is a central issue, and can be regarded as a ... information. Hence, we will show how to annotate a syntax tree so that various interpretations can be characterized differently. Semantic Tagging A popular linguistic approach to annotate a...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 21:20

Ngày tải lên: 03/01/2014, 19:37

... replaced by a floating-rate bond, a floating-rate bond replaced by a fixed-rate bond, and a floating-rate bond replaced by another floating-rate bond with a different index or a different margin. MOTIVATION ... refunding analysis that has not been adequately treated to date is the analysis of a bond refunding proposal with overlapping interest. For example, although Maris [6] included overlapping interest ... have to be evaluated on a case by case basis to calculate the exact costs or savings produced by the various interacting variables. Consequently, there is a need for an interactive computer model...

Ngày tải lên: 15/02/2014, 13:20

... outlined above by introducing a very fundamental data structure called Initiative (Fig. 3). An initiative is a generalization of any form of action that has a defined start and end date and is unde rtaken ... rtaken to reach a goal. Therefore, an initiative may be a program, a project, a sub-project, a pro ject phase, a work package, an activity or a task (indicated by the inheritance relationship between ... Their feasibility, profitability, and strategic impact are analyzed so that a final decision can be made regard- ing their implementation (Idea Evaluation). This phase ends with a formal go/ no -go decision...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 07:20

... 4: Manual Evaluations Here, we manually evaluate quality of summaries, a common DUC task. Human annotators are given two sets of summary text for each document set, generated from two approaches: ... this paper. In this paper, we present a novel approach that formulates MDS as a prediction problem based on a two-step hybrid model: a generative model for hierarchical topic discovery and a regression model ... 12 Overall 24 66 2 Table 4: Frequency results of manual quality evaluations. Results are statistically significant based on t-test. T ie indi- cates evaluations where two summaries are rated equal. according...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... represented by a bag-of-word. Among the words, there is a topic term Avatar (t 1 ) occurring twice, i.e. Avatar in A and Avatar in C, and two senti- ment words comfortable (o 1 ) and favorite (o 2 ) ... 4.1.1 Benchmark Datasets Our experiments are based on the Chinese benchmark dataset, COAE08 (Zhao et al., 2008). COAE dataset is the benchmark data set for the opinion retrieval track in the ... report, Stan- ford University. Bo Pang and Lillian Lee. 2008. Opinion mining and sentiment analysis. Foundations and Trends in In- formation Retrieval, 2(1-2): 1-135. Ana-Maria Popescu and Oren...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... needs a word dictionary and takes long time for searching many character combinations. 61 4.2 Experiment Results and Analyses We used two separate Eumjeol n-grams as lan- guage models for experiments. ... be divided into statistical algorithms and rule-based algorithms. Statistical algorithms generally use character n- gram (Eojeol 1 or Eumjeol 2 n-gram in Korean) (Kang and Woo, 2001; Kwon, ... exist spaces As shown above, the performance is dependent of the language model (n-gram) performance. Jaso transition probabilities can be obtained easily from small corpus because the...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... Recognition Evaluation (LRE) data. The database was intended to establish a baseline of performance capability for language recognition of conversational tele- phone speech. The database contains recorded ... identification us- ing Gaussian Mixture model tokenization , in Proc. of ICASSP. Yonghong Yan, and Etienne Barnard. 1995. An ap- proach to automatic language identification based on language dependent ... 515–522, Ann Arbor, June 2005. c 2005 Association for Computational Linguistics A Phonotactic Language Model for Spoken Language Identification Haizhou Li and Bin Ma Institute for Infocomm Research...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 15:20

... paper, we present a block-based model for statis- tical machine translation. A block is a pair of phrases which are translations of each other. For example, Fig. 1 shows an Arabic-English translation ... set of candidates. This computational advantage is the main reason that we adopt the local model in this paper. 3.3 Global versus Local Models Both the global and the localized log-linear models ... Conference (HLT 04), pages 177–184, Boston, MA, May. Christoph Tillmann and Fei Xia. 2003. A Phrase-based Unigram Model for Statistical Machine Translation. In Companian Vol. of the Joint HLT and NAACL Confer- ence...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 15:20

... Levelt and Cutler's error repairs and ap- propriateness repairs, statistical analysis does not sup- 6We performed the same analysis for the last and first syllables in the reparandum and ... test all the acoustic-prosodic features we examined in our de- scriptive analysis, since features such as glottalization and coarticulatory effects had not been labeled in our data base for ... utterances were prepared by ARPA contractors accord- ing to standardized conventions. The utterances were labeled at Bell Laboratories for word boundaries and intonational prominences and phrasing...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 21:20

... serve as a three-dimensional atlas of the anatomy ger- mane to aesthetic surgery of the face. Although these models can be viewed from any angle and made selectively transparent to illustrate anatomical ... photographs enhanced in Adobe Photoshop 7.0 and materials de- signed in Maya. R ESULTS A virtual reality model of surgical superficial facial anatomy was created. Included in this model are the ... cleft palate repair. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 115: 236, 2005. 21. Cutting, C., Oliker, A. , Khorammabadi, D., and Haddad, B. A deformer-based surgical simulator program for cleft lip and palate surgery....

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 17:20

... propose a cascaded linear model for joint Chinese word segmentation and part- of-speech tagging. With a character-based perceptron as the core, combined with real- valued features such as language models, ... at the same time, we expand boundary tags to include POS information by attaching a POS to the tail of a boundary tag as a postfix following Ng and Low (2004). As each tag is now composed of a ... ap- proach of discriminative models treats segmentation as a labelling problem by assigning each character a boundary tag (Xue and Shen, 2003), Joint S&T can be conducted in a labelling fashion...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 01:20

... important subtask for many natural language processing applications, such as partial parsing, information retrieval and machine translation. A baseNP is a simple noun phrase that does not contain other ... pp.218-224. COLING-ACL’98 Lance A. Ramshaw and Michael P. Marcus ( In Press). Text chunking using transformation-based learning. In Natural Language Processing Using Very large Corpora. Kluwer. Originally appeared in ... Penn Treebank Wall Street Journal (Penn Treebank). Ramshaw & Markus (1998) applied transform- based error-driven algorithm (Brill 1995) to learn a set of transformation rules, and using those...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 05:20

... score for summary quality was not. For the Mitre data, the differences in score between the Concat and Sent systems for grammati- cality and summary quality were statistically signif- icant at the ... text to assist aphasic readers. In Proceedings of the AAAI-98 Workshop on Integrating Artificial Intelligence and Assistive Technology. R. Chandrasekar, Christy Doran, and Srinivas Bangalore. 1996. ... parser achieves an f-score of for EDU identification, for identifying hierarchical spans, for nuclearity identification and for relation tagging. coherence was not. The score differences for gram- maticality,...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 07:20

... we averaged the data over the study period rather than using panel-data analytic techniques. As more years of data on individual vehicles become available, it may be advan- tageous to adopt a ... estimated odometer reading by age, annual mileage by age, esti- mated annual down days by age, and estimated annual parts and labor cost by age. VaRooM also required economic parameters as inputs—specifically, ... 365 days per year) of data when computing averages for a vehicle. For example, if a vehicle had 485 days of EDA and usage data, the average repair cost and usage figures included only one year...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 21:20

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Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 04:20

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 09:20