4 evaluation of myocardial perfusion and metabolism

... integrity of the leaf and stem components by removal of cuticle, crushing and separation of vascular bundles and other plant tissues, and release of plant cell contents (Ulyatt et al., 1986; Wilson and ... representation of the breakdown process of (A) leaves of tropical and temperate grasses and of legumes, and (B) mature stems of grass and legume, during eating and initial (0–6 h) digestion in the ... C.T and Handley, T.A (1986) The assessment of handling time ion in ruminants: the effect of plant chemical and physical structure on the rate of breakdown of plant particles in the rumen of mule...

Ngày tải lên: 29/10/2013, 00:15

... (rooftop of Sumida-ku Ward Office as catchment area) and communal RWH called ‘rojison’ - 190 - Journal of Water and Environment Technology, Vol 9, No.2, 2011 From the interviews with Sumida-ku officers, ... policy makers and end-users) Journal of Water and Environment Technology, Vol 9, No.2, 2011 Mandatory Scheme The introduction of WWR and cumulative charging system are considered as mandatory schemes, ... water demand reduction in industrial sectors and enhancement of people’s awareness towards water conservation The implementation of intermediary scheme i.e RWH and finally the execution of mandatory...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:17

... 263 METABOLISM 11 Glucose and Short-chain Fatty Acid Metabolism R.P Brockman 291 12 Metabolism of the Portal-drained Viscera and Liver D.B Lindsay and C.K Reynolds 311 13 Fat Metabolism and Turnover ... the exponential behaviour of data set and the sigmoid and incomplete asymptotic behaviour of data sets and (a), and the natural logarithmic plots for data sets and with and without correction for ... Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada J.V Nolan, School of Rural Science and Agriculture, University of New England, Armidale,...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 17:15

... factor (R), and of calculated water and dry matter (DM) flow, to deviations from uniform distribution of the particle marker throughout the DM of the particle phase (PP) and digesta (DG) and of the ... order of magnitude less than its MRT (Faichney and Boston, 1985) Warner and Stacy (1968) examined the effects of ingestion of feed and water on the marker concentration curve and Faichney and Griffiths ... degradation of rumen protozoa Proceedings of the Nutrition Society of Australia 14, 153 Faichney, G.J (1990) Effect of level of intake and grinding of lucerne hay on the efficiency of rumination...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 17:15

... overestimation of both the immediately soluble fraction and the extent of degradation, and likely underestimation of the rate of degradation (Huntington and Givens, 1995) Loss of particles from ... Roughan, P.G and Holland, R (1977) Predicting in-vivo digestibilities of herbages by exhaustive enzymic hydrolysis of cell walls Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 28, 1057–1064 Schofield, ... cultures, and enable the study of long-term (weeks) effects of factors affecting the microbial population and the digestion of nutrients under controlled conditions of pH, turnover rate and nutrient...

Ngày tải lên: 29/10/2013, 00:15

... and metabolism of volatile fatty acids, glucose and CO2 in steers and the effects of monensin on volatile fatty acid kinetics Journal of Nutrition 113, 1265–1277 Barcroft, J., McAnally, R.A and ... composition of supplements), level of intake, retention time of solids and liquids, and the timing of release of energy substrates and nitrogenous materials into the medium (rumen ‘synchrony’) Effect of ... 42, 47–52 Cotta, M.A and Hespell, R.B (1986) Protein and amino acid metabolism of rumen bacteria In: Milligan, L.P., Grovum, W.L and Dobson, A (eds) Control of Digestion and Metabolism in Ruminants...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2013, 23:15

... digestibility of feed and production of VFA and microbial protein However, the complexity of these analogues, which often employ pulse addition of heterogeneous, particulate substrate and differential and/ or ... notably when the quality of the feed and dietary levels of N are poor (mainly in the tropics and subtropics) Rumen bacteria are efficient scavengers of N sources and uptake of ammonia is represented ... described and this number is expected to increase with continued research Rumen Microorganisms and their Interactions 209 Species Diversity and Activity Species diversity and the size and activity of...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2013, 23:15

... tools and bioinformatics offer the promise for an even better understanding of this ecologically complex environment References Abou Akada, A.R and El-Shazly, K (1964) Effect of absence of ciliate ... Applied and Environmental Microbiology 56, 2186–2192 Chen, M and Wolin, M.J (1979) Effect of monensin and lasalocid-sodium on the growth of methanogenic and rumen saccharolytic bacteria Applied and ... M.E and Marsh, P.B (1976) Effect of monensin fed with forage on digestion and the ruminal ecosystem of steers Journal of Animal Science 42, 229–234 Eadie, J.M and Gill, J.C (1971) Effect of the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2013, 23:15

... concept of energy costs of nutrients and ion transport, and of protein synthesis and degradation in tissues of the total gastrointestinal tract of growing lambs No efforts are known, however, of integrating ... of Dairy Science 80, 1005–1028 Nocek, J.E and Tamminga, S (1991) Site of digestion of starch in the gastrointestinal tract of dairy cows and its effect on milk yield and composition Journal of ... pattern of feed intake and the in situ degradation characteristics of carbohydrates and N First, a diet was simulated with a daily dry matter intake of 10.0 kg of grass silage, 6.5 kg of maize...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 08:15

... R.J., Wolff, B.M and Bohmer, T (1971) Quantitative studies of the metabolism of chylomicron triglycerides and cholesterol by liver and extrahepatic tissues of sheep and dogs Journal of Clinical Investigation ... palmitate, oleate and stearate and rates of production and oxidation of propionate and butyrate in fed and starved sheep Biochemical Journal 104, 135–147 Baird, G.D., Lomax, M.A., Symonds, H.W and Shaw, ... Biochemistry and Physiology 81A, 255–257 Brockman, R.P and Laarveld, B (1986) Effect of insulin on gluconeogenesis and the metabolism of lactate in sheep Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 08:15

... (1967a) Rates of entry and oxidation of acetate, glucose, D(-)-b-hydroxy-butyrate, palmitate, oleate and stearate, and rates of production and oxidation of propionate and butyrate in fed and starved ... H.F and Haaland, G.L (1986) Effect of bovine growth hormone administration on metabolism of growing Hereford heifers: protein and lipid metabolism and plasma concentrations of metabolites and ... R.J., Wolfe, B.M and Bohmer, T (1971) Quantitative studies of the metabolism of chylomicron triglycerides and cholesterol by liver and extra hepatic tissues of sheep and dogs Journal of Clinical Investigations...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 09:15

... approaches (e.g measurements of protein levels for some enzymes of the ubiquitination machinery and proteasomal subunits, of the rate of ubiquitination of protein substrates, and of proteasome activities) ... catheterization of an artery and a vein draining a hind limb bed An index of both the rates of protein breakdown and synthesis is calculated by measuring the concentration of the label and its isotopic ... of Protein Metabolism and Turnover 379 their high rates of protein turnover In addition, changes in renal clearance of 3methylhistidine may affect the interpretation of the data (see Attaix and...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 09:15

... (100% of ME and CP requirements) and high (160% of ME and CP requirements) intake levels, the liver removed approximately 34% of the AA absorbed by the PDV Removal of essential AA comprised 15% of ... nutrient use and animal health Clearly then, considering the complexity of AA as nutrients, and as signals that can affect protein and energy metabolism, and in light of the different aspects of metabolic ... digestion and mastication of food; (iii) the heat of fermentation; (iv) the work of excretion by the kidney; and (v) the increased muscular activity of various organs due to the metabolism of nutrients...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 09:15

... several isoforms; for example there are at least three isoforms of the b-adrenergic receptor (Carpene et al., 1998), two of the GTPbinding protein Gs , at least three isoforms of Gi (Manning and Woolkalis, ... Increased Uptake of glucose, acetate, ketones, amino acids, VLDL-TG fatty acids, Ca2þ and Pi, increased Synthesis and secretion of protein, lipid and lactose increased Secretion of Ca2þ and Pi increased ... Decreased ? Uptake of acetate, glucose and VLDL-TG fatty acid decreased Synthesis of lipid decreased Output of fatty acids and glycerol increased Decreased Unchanged Uptake of glucose and acetate may...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 09:15

... blood (2), bone (3) and soft tissues (4)) and P enters the system via intake (F10 ) and exits via faeces (F 01 ) and urine (F 02 ) The daily intake and loss of P in faeces and urine were measured ... 12 , F 23 and F 32 and F 24 and F 42 , respectively Labelled 32 P was administered as a single dose, D cpm, at time zero, and the size and specific activity of the blood, bone and soft tissues ... Kebreab and D.M.S.S Vitti requirements, absorption, sources of Cu and effect of Cu on lipid metabolism Therefore, in this chapter, only a limited update of quantitative aspects of Cu metabolism...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 09:15

... understanding of fetal growth and metabolism Macronutrient uptake and metabolism Numerous studies of pregnant ewes have described macronutrient metabolism and requirements of the fetus in terms of ... between maternal intakes of energy and nitrogen and conceptus tissue masses at different stages of pregnancy Quantitative descriptions of maternal and fetal fluxes of glucose and amino acids in sheep ... and Nixon, D.A (1960) Fructose metabolism in the isolated and perfused liver of the foetal and new-born sheep Journal of Physiology 153, 199–208 Andriguetto, J.L., Slepetis, R., Butler, W.R and...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 09:15

... nitrogen and energy metabolism of lactating cows given abomasumal infusions of casein British Journal of Nutrition 55, 537–556 Yang, Y.T and Baldwin, R.L (1973a) Preparation and metabolism of isolated ... Effects of somatotropin and substrates on patterns of liver metabolism in lactating dairy cattle Journal of Dairy Science 75, 1025–1035 Lynch, M and Walsh, B (1998) Genetics and Analysis of Quantitative ... diet and a 40% maize diet showed that a large number of model outputs were within the standard errors (10%) of observed values (Baldwin and Bauman, 1984) Experimental studies of adipose tissue metabolism...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 09:15

... carding and spinning Fibre breakages can occur during each of these stages of processing leading to losses of wool, called noil, and slowing of the rate of processing; both will cause the cost of ... error of 10=20 ¼ 0:5 and a relative discomfort of 0:52 ¼ 0:25 Similar calculations for CP, NDF and time spent eating give discomforts of 0.36, 0.51 and 0.01, respectively, and a total discomfort of ... CP, NDF and time spent eating, and of total discomfort, for a range of daily intakes of food by sheep; see text for details of food and animal’s ‘requirements’ Voluntary Feed Intake and Diet...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 09:15

... RUS (% of starch) RUP (% of protein) dRUP (% of RUP) Masha Cold pelleted Steam pelleted Expander treated Expander treated and pelleted Mash Cold pelleted Steam pelleted Expander treated Expander ... Poel, A.F.B and Tamminga, S (1998) Effect of pressure toasting on the rumen degradability and intestinal digestibility of whole and broken peas, lupins and faba beans and a mixture of these feedstuffs ... toasting of barley on ruminal fermentation, amount of metabolizable starch and protein, and performance of dairy cows In: Van der Honing, Y (ed.) Book of Abstracts of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 09:15

... Lemaire, G and Comeron, E.A (1989) The dynamics of daily area and depth of grazing and herbage intake of cows in a five day paddock system In: Proceedings of the XVI International Grassland Congress ... release of cell contents due to ingestive mastication is incomplete Of the total DM in fresh ryegrass only between 0.15 and 0.20 is released and of the total N between 0.20 and 0.30 Of the components ... substrates showed a linear increase of the proportion of HAc 696 P Chilibroste et al Table 26.2 Fermentation profile of cell walls and cell contents of leaves of Lolium multiflorum (Groot et al.,...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 15:16