3 state of the art technologies in pancreatic tissue engineering

... preproinsulin and proinsulin, which ensures the production of sufficient amounts of mature insulin in the -cell The formation of insulin from the proinsulin precursor molecule occurs through the ... somatostatin, galanin and adrenalin belong to the group of insulin secretion inhibitors, which down-regulate the activation of adenylate cyclase, affect the opening of Ca2+ channels and the closure of ... as a coordinate partner to insulin by reducing food intake, slowing gastric empty and inhibiting digestive secretion in short term Due to the release of insulin, C-peptide and amylin, -cells...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:58

... Immunohistochemistry shows the expression of insulin and proinsulin in stage IV cells Quantification of IHC staining shows FN and LAM increases the percentage of (B) proinsulin, and (C) insulin positive cells ... (IHC) in stage IV cells further revealed adding ECM increased the percentage of proinsulin and insulin expressing cells with the maximum effect seen in cells treated with LAM (Figure 2) These ... effects of adding ECM such as FN and LAM on the expression of Insulin and Glucose transporter (Glut2) genes and proinsulin and insulin protein levels We further clarified the underlying mechanism...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... later time points following initiation of the culture is due to a rapid and massive spreading of HIV-1 in the CD4+ T cell population The validity and clinical relevance of our findings are provided ... IL-1β and IL-8) and these cytokines induce the secretion of other proinflammatory cytokines or recruit other immune cells, thus possibly increasing the number of Page 11 of 16 (page number not ... chemokines that influence the nature of the immune response The functionality of the studied TLRs was assessed by measuring the production of some defined soluble factors As illustrated in Fig...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:20

... blood and supplied by the portal vein that drains the blood from the intestinal system (including the pancreas and the spleen), rich in nutrients and poor in oxygen The remaining blood supply (about ... oxygenated arterial blood from the hepatic artery (Figure 1-2) The blood flow from the terminal branches of the hepatic portal vein and hepatic artery coalesces into sinusoids in the liver and drains into ... expressed in the embryonic definitive endoderm and the adult liver During gastrulation, the expression of foxa2 initially appears in the node at E6.5 and maintains throughout definitive endoderm, in the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 16:06

... limiting the access of antibodies used in the experiments Thus, the discrepancy between our findings of the coexpression of Vif and APOBEC3G in the majority of cells and the virtual exclusion of ... protein Frequently, epitopes are masked because of the folding properties of a protein in vivo or because of pre-existing protein-protein interactions that may compete for antibody binding To ... APOBEC3G in the cytoplasm apparent by the yellow staining in panels C & F of figure Interestingly, a significant number of cells in this experiment were single-positive expressing either APOBEC3G...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 13:20

... precise regulation of insulin secretion The discovery of insulin Chapter Introduction was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1921 Ever since the discovery, the insulin has attracted interest of scientists ... Chapter Introduction PAK1 binds to the C terminus of filamin A and phosphorylates Ser 2152 Filamin A is a 280 kDa actin-binding protein that induces high-angle cross-linking of actin filaments On the ... INS-1 and MIN6 cells (168) The possible role of other PIP5K isoforms in insulin exocytosis remains to be investigated Previous study in our lab has ascertained the existence of PIP5K-Iα in INS-1 cells...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 14:08

... which is involved in the feeding-inhibitory actions of insulin in the brain [58] p150Glued is the largest member of all the dynactin subunits Dynactin is a multisubunit protein complex that binds ... of HAP1 in insulin-secreting cells after knockdown of its expression in INS-1 cell line The findings of HAP1 role in INS-1 cell may shed light on the understanding of complicated signaling pathways ... by the β-cells in the Islets of Langerhans in pancreas [10] Insulin consists of two chains (A and B) linked together by disulfide bonds In the secretory granules of βcells, insulin is stored in...

Ngày tải lên: 12/10/2015, 17:35

... level of proteinase(s) responsible for the processing of IGFBP-rP1 To determine the class of the IGFBP-rP1-cleaving proteinase, OVISE cells were cultured in the presence of various proteinase inhibitors ... on the cell surface [4,5,8] and stimulates cell growth in culture medium containing insulin or IGFs [9,10] The IGFBP-rP1 mRNA is expressed in a wide range of normal tissues including the heart, ... mixture containing AEBSF, aprotinin and some other inhibitors inhibited the processing to the same extent as AEBSF alone As trypsin-type serine proteinases, but neither chymotrypsin-type nor elastase-type,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 07:20

... strain KM11 YEp352-MLS1DSKL was constructed by inserting a 2.3-kb SalI fragment containing the complete MLS1 gene into this multicopy vector, and replacing parts of the coding region with the single-strand ... 000 in the lane with the wild-type extract that was absent from the lane corresponding to the mls1D mutant (arrow; Fig 1A), thereby con®rming the speci®city of the antibody Application of the ... constructed that was extended with the C-terminal 274 amino acids of Mls1p (out of a total of 554), including the terminal SKL Expression of this GFP-Mls1p was compared to that of a control GFP extended...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 04:20

... Similarly, the maximal effects of insulin on the state of tyrosinephosphorylation of the insulin receptor or of IRS1, or of phosphorylation of ERK1 ⁄ 2, was not significantly different in either group of ... mediators are therefore directly comparable The results demonstrate increasing insulin sensitivity downstream of the insulin receptor, probably resulting from the inherent signal amplification in the succeeding ... involved in control of PKB, in response to insulin, which involves dual phosphorylation of PKB by insulin-activation of the phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1) [28] and the yet...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 16:20

... located in the A and B domains, respectively Further mutations have led to the general consensus that the B and C domains contain residues most involved in IGF1R binding, the A domain represents the ... bind to the IGF1R Previously we have expressed a recombinant form of the human IGF1R by fusing the cDNA encoding the receptor ectodomain (residues 1±944) to the cDNA of the mouse Fc domain of ... IGF2R-binding site, while the B domain and the ®rst A domain helix contain the major determinants for IGFBP binding In this study we show, using IGF-I, IGF-II and 14 IGF analogues, that potency in...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 22:20

... mutations of MC1R are indeed frequent in HMC lines, and that impairment of signaling through the cAMP cascade occurs in these cells even in the absence of mutations in the coding region of the gene Finally, ... protein In many GPCRs, the third intracellular loop and the cytoplasmic C-terminal extension are the main regions involved in coupling to the G proteins [2] It is clear that in the case of the ... relationships within the receptor protein, and points to the extracellular side of TM2 as a major determinant of agonist binding Within this region, results by others have shown that removal of the negative...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 10:20

... with the insulin receptor in caveolae In type diabetes the tissues respond poorly to insulin, exhibiting insulin resistance that can be overcome by increasing concentrations of circulating insulin ... binding is subject to control, by, e.g insulin Human IRS1 does not contain the consensus sequence for binding to caveolin, as has been described for a number of signalling proteins including the ... [6] Insulin’s ability to counteract catecholamine-stimulated phosphorylation of perilipin was also inhibited by the cholesterol depletion (Fig 5) In line with these findings, insulin signalling...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 12:20

... levels in the presence of core was the result of an overloading of the cellular protein-synthesis machinery and of a shortage of its components Finally, we examined the possible effect of core+1 ... modulation of multiple genes involved in lipid metabolism [69] The location of the core+1 ORF within the viral genome, the findings that the core+1 ORF can be expressed independently of the polyprotein ... suggesting an effect of the core protein on the translation and ⁄ or the stability of the core+1 protein However, no effect of the core+1 protein on core expression could be detected Expression of the...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 03:20

... expression of a distinct proangiogenic protein profile, including the specific expansion of a LFA-1-expressing cancer cell subpopulation able to interact with ICAM-1-expressing hepatic endothelial ... Eto S: CD44 stimulation induces integrin-mediated adhesion of colon cancer cell lines to endothelial cells by upregulation of integrins and c-Met and activation of integrins Cancer Res 1999, 59:4427-34 ... when the plateau phase of the growth curve was reached by CT26 spheroids, while the percentage of Ki67-expressing cells markedly decreased (Figure 1) The absence of pimonidazole staining in 7-day...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 15:20

... activity of doxorubicin and vincristine against Ewing’s sarcoma cells Clin Cancer Res 2001, 7:1790-7 Martins AS, Mackintosh C, Martín DH, Campos M, Hernández T, Ordóñez JL, de Alava E: Insulin-like ... growth, invasion and metastasis in vivo in animal models [25] Unfortunately preclinical studies assessing the relevance of IGF1R in GISTs are hampered by the lack of a suitable in vitro model of WT ... models to test the efficacy of different IGF1Rinhibitors and the effect of the combination with standard front line therapies [52] These analyses are particularly necessary to confirm the putative...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... (i.p.) administration of xylazine (6.6 mg/kg) and ketamine (100 mg/kg) Mice were inoculated by scarifying the cornea with the blunted tip of a 25-gauge needle, blotting tear film from the eyes, ... Role of the protein kinase PKR in the inhibition of varicella-zoster virus replication by beta interferon and gamma interferon J Gen Virol 2005, 86(Pt 1):1-6 Sainz BJ, Halford WP: Alpha/Beta interferon ... (Fig 6A) In contrast, CyP treatment enhanced the spread of KOS-GFP into the periocular skin of scid mice on day p.i relative to the other treatment groups (Fig 6A) PBS-treated scid mice infected...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... (i.p.) administration of xylazine (6.6 mg/kg) and ketamine (100 mg/kg) Mice were inoculated by scarifying the cornea with the blunted tip of a 25-gauge needle, blotting tear film from the eyes, ... Role of the protein kinase PKR in the inhibition of varicella-zoster virus replication by beta interferon and gamma interferon J Gen Virol 2005, 86(Pt 1):1-6 Sainz BJ, Halford WP: Alpha/Beta interferon ... (Fig 6A) In contrast, CyP treatment enhanced the spread of KOS-GFP into the periocular skin of scid mice on day p.i relative to the other treatment groups (Fig 6A) PBS-treated scid mice infected...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs), in insulin-like of NBI-31772, a small-molecule inhibitor of the binding of priActivitygrowth rabbit chondrocytes lin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 to IGF-binding proteins ... small-molecule inhibitor of the binding of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 to IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs), with 125Ilabeled IGF-1 binding to cartilage labeled IGF-1 binding to cartilage Explants ... effective, the amount of IGF-1 delivered within the joint in this way should exceed the binding capacity of local IGFBPs In addition to noninvasive intervention, one of the main advantages of our...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23