2d and 3d coordinate system in computer graphics

... the number of vertices in the primitive is small, the overhead in setting up the array pointers and enabling and disabling individual arrays may outweigh the savings in the individual function calls ... Gritz Curves and Surfaces in Geometric Modeling: Theory and Algorithms Jean Gallier Andrew Glassner’s Notebook: Recreational Computer Graphics Andrew S. Glassner Warping and Morphing of Graphical ... Brian A. Barsky, and David Zeltzer Geometric and Solid Modeling: An Introduction Christoph M. Hoffmann An Introduction to Splines for Use in Computer Graphics and Geometric Modeling Richard H....

Ngày tải lên: 01/06/2014, 01:06

... the drawing of outlines using the Line , Circle and Polyline tools from the Home/Draw panel; 3. to introduce drawing to snap points; 4. to introduce drawing to absolute coordinate points; ... Contents viii Part 2 3D Design 207 Chapter 12 Introducing 3D modelling 209 Introduction 210 The 3D Modeling workspace 210 Methods of calling tools for 3D modeling 211 The Polysolid tool 213 2D outlines suitable ... angles in AutoCAD N o t e s 1. The fi gures typed at the keyboard determining the corners of the outlines in the above examples are two-dimensional (2D) x,y coordinate points. When working in 2D, ...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 17:15

... 6 7 . Using the Polyline tool, construct the outline given in Fig. 2.34 . Fig. 2.34 Exercise 7 Introducing drawing 8 . Construct the outline given in Fig. 2.35 using the Polyline tool. ... drawing shown in Fig. 3.54 using the Line and Arc tools. Then change all widths of lines and arcs to a width of 2 with Polyline Edit . 11. Construct the two outlines shown in Fig. 3.55 using ... Exercise 5 1. Using the Line and Arc tools, construct the outline given in Fig. 3.45 . 3. Using the Ellipse and Arc tools construct the drawing shown in Fig. 3.47 . Introduction to AutoCad...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 17:15

... left-hand drawing of Fig. 5.55 . Include the dimensions in your drawing. Then, using the Stretch tool, stretch the drawing, including its dimensions to the sizes as shown in the right-hand ... Construct the outline shown in the dimensioned polyline in the upper drawing of Fig. 5.10 . 2. Call Mirror and using the tool three times complete the given outline. The two points shown in Fig. 5.10 ... drawings 1 and 2 Command: _break Select object: pick at the point Specify second break point or [First point]: pick Command: Specify second point of displacement or Ͻ use first point...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 17:15

... as in drawing 3 . 4. With Trim trim unwanted lines and parts of isocircle as in drawing 4 . 5. In Isoplane Left add lines as in drawing 5 . 6. In Isoplane Right add lines and isocircles as in ... Linking and Embedding ( OLE ). Changes in the AutoCAD drawing saved as an *eps fi le are linked to the drawing embedded in another application document, so changes made in the AutoCAD drawing ... entering ex at the command line brings prompts into the command line: Command: _explode Select objects: pick a block on screen 1 found Select objects: right-click Command: and the...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 17:15

... the spindle drawing. Fig. 10.17 The spindle drawing saved as Fig17. dwg Fig. 10.18 The spindle in place in the original drawing N o t e In this example to ensure accuracy of drawing the ... command dgnimport at the command line. AutoCAD drawings in AutoCAD 2004 format can be exported into MicroStation *.dgn format using the command dgnexport . Example of importing a *.dgn drawing ... three outlines into regions. 3. With the Copy tool, copy the three regions. 4. Drawing 2 – call the Intersect tool from the Home /3D Modeling panel. The command line shows: Command: _intersect...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 23:20

... of 3D model drawings can be constructed in 3D space using the 3D Array tool. 5. 3D models can be mirrored in 3D space using the 3D Mirror tool. 6. 3D models can be rotated in 3D space using ... Fig. 15.27 ). The warning window ( Fig. 15.28 ) appears. Click Turn off Default Lighting in the window. 4. A New PointLight icon appears and the command line shows: Command: _pointlight Specify ... as paths for extruding outlines. 10. Both the ViewCube and Viewpoint Presets can be used for placing 3D models in different viewing positions in 3D space. 11. The Dynamic Input (DYN) method...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 23:20

... – 2D outlines in 3D space. The outline in the Isometric view Fig. 17.21 First example – 2D outlines in 3D space 3. Save the UCS plane in the UCS dialog to the name 3point . 4. Place the drawing ... from different viewing positions. Other methods of rotating the model in 3D space and placing the model in other viewing positions using the Vpoint Presets dialog and the 3Dorbit tool have also ... show in examples the methods of manipulating 3D models in 3D space using tools from the View/UCS panel or from the command line. 2. to introduce the Surfaces tools from the Home /3D Modeling...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 23:20

... Command: and the model appears in a 4-viewport layout. 5. Click the Model button. With a click in each viewport in turn and using the ViewCube settings set viewports in Front , Right , Top and ... Regenerating model. Command: and four viewports reappear with the 3D model drawing in each. 6. Click the Model button to return to Model Space . With a click in each viewport in turn and using ... a 3D model drawing to the details given in Fig. 19.18 . Add suitable lighting and apply a material; then render as shown in Fig. 19.17 . 4 . Construct an assembled 3D model drawing working...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 23:20

... 3D y – Allows walkthroughs in any 3D plane 3Dforbit – controls the viewing of 3D models without constraint 3Dmesh – Creates a 3D mesh in 3D space 3Dmove – Shows a 3D move icon 3Dorbit (3do) ... and Drafting workspace , 26 2D coordinates , 14 2D Drafting & Annotation , 4 , 89 2D objects in 3D space , 330 2D outlines for 3D , 214 2D tools , 398 2P circles , 33 3D Array ... completing the setting up of a printer or plotter for the printing of AutoCAD drawings. Note 1. AutoCAD drawings can be printed from the default printers already installed in the Windows system...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 23:20

... walkthroughs in any 3D plane 3Dforbit – controls the viewing of 3D models without constraint 3Dmesh – Creates a 3D mesh in 3D space 3Dmove – Shows a 3D move icon 3Dorbit (3do) – Allows a continuous ... , 194 , 360 2D Annotation and Drafting workspace , 26 2D coordinates , 14 2D Drafting & Annotation , 4 , 89 2D objects in 3D space , 330 2D outlines for 3D , 214 2D tools , 398 ... circles , 33 3D Array tool , 254 , 255 3D coordinates , 15 3D DYN , 64 3D Mirror tool , 257 3D model 252 3D models of buildings , 308 3D model libraries , 250 3D Modeling workspace...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 23:20

... rejected in time according to the information inferred in later frames combined with the information obtained from the cur- rently analysed frame, and the reliability of this information. The 3D information ... Introduction Multi-target tracking is one of the most challenging pro- blems in the domain of computer vision. It can be uti- lised in interesting applications with high impact in the society. For instance, in computer- assisted ... parallelepiped instance S O , it is necessary to deter- mine the values for the orientation a in 3D scene ground, the 3D parallelepiped dimensions w, l,andh and the four pairs (x, y) of 3D coordinates...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 21:20

... origin and 50 points below the origin. Fig. 1.20 shows some 2D coordinate points in the AutoCAD window. Fig. 1.20 The 2D coordinate points in the AutoCAD coordinate system 3D coordinates include ... panel. 3. Drawing to snap points. 4. Drawing to absolute coordinate points. 5. Drawing to relative coordinate points. 6. Drawing using the ‘tracking’ method. 7. The use of the Erase, Undo and Redo ... AutoCAD 2D coordinate system, units are measured horizontally in terms of X and vertically in terms of Y. A 2D point in the AutoCAD drawing area can be determined in terms of X,Y (in this book...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 02:20

... operator. A 3D model drawing as if resting on the surface of a monitor is shown in Fig. 1.19. Fig. 1.18 The 2D coordinate points in the AutoCAD coordinate system Fig. 1.19 A 3D model drawing showing ... AutoCAD and 2D Drafting & Annotation) and any point in 3D space (3D Modeling). 14. Drawings are usually constructed in templates with predetermined settings. Some templates include borders and ... prompt Command:_line Specify first point: which appears in the command window at the command line (Fig. 2.2). Fig. 2.2 The prompt appearing at the command line in the command palette when Line is...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 11:20

... the keyboard determining the corners of the out- lines in the above examples are two-dimensional (2D) x, y coordinate points. When working in 2D, coordinates are expressed in terms of two numbers ... method – coordinate points are entered relative to the previous entry. In relative coordinate entry, the @ symbol is entered before each set of coordinates with the following rules in mind: ؉ve ... in the 3D Modeling workspace, or in the My Workspace workspace, tool icons are held in the DASHBOARD palette. Command line – a line in the command palette which commences with the word ‘Command:’. Draw...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 11:20

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 11:20

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 11:20

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 11:20

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 11:20

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 11:20