... morbidity and mortality are several times higher in slums and peri -urban areas than in more privileged urban neighborhoods, and even than inruralareas [4,9] The evidence of large and even widening inequalities ... inequalities in stunting exist in both urbanandrural areas, they are significantly larger inurbanareas Our results further show that intra -urban differences in child Page of 10 (page number not ... where the within -urban gap in stunting is not larger than the within -rural one Indeed, rural to urban OR in the prevalence of child stunting vary from 1.2 in Madagascar to 3.0 in Tanzania with...
... so In each district we have selected a ruraland an urban community (hereinafter referred to as ruralandurban Dewas, ruralandurban Alwar) Basic information about the sites is provided in ... Marriage Inruralandurban North India, virtually all women are married in their mid to late teens Despite the legal minimum being set at 18, in India as a whole, about 45 per cent of women aged ... adulthood? In particular, what difference does schooling make to the experiences of poor young women, inurbanandruralareasin north India? The key transitions that young women face in north India...
... reaching 37 gestational weeks SRB was 125 in the rural area and 127 in the urban area 4.2 The Use of Antenatal and Delivery Care inUrbanandRuralAreas High proportions of women using ANC and ... to urbanareasand 4-fold among ethnic minority mothers compared to the Kinh majority [46] U5MR in mountainous areasand poor households is 3- to 4-fold compared to lowland areasand higher income ... emphasized, including: • Disparities in maternal and child health status Maternal and child mortality is very high in remote and ethnic minority areasand among poor MMR is 2-fold inruralareas compared...
... workforce shortage [5] In this context, information about the costing of policy interventions focusing on recruitment and retention in remote andruralareas contributes to making better policy ... assessing financial sustainability Finally, this paper discusses and investigates the role and importance of costing in a broader discussion on how to improve health workforce planning and management ... and retention of health workers in remote andruralareas Category of intervention Examples A Education and continuous professional development interventions Building of a medical school in rural...
... principles in obstetric and anaesthetic care; appropriate decision making and clinical reasoning skills, and acquisition of clinical management skills The training in CEmOC required the trainees to ... financial implications and documentation of the human and physical resources needed for effective learning and teaching The main emphasis of both training curricula included the underlying principles ... scaling up training and use of teams of NPCs for CEmOC and anaesthesia Limitations of the training Trainees had limited exposure to certain important obstetric and anaesthetic procedures, including...
... discernible inurbanareas than in non -urban areas (Fig 2) There is a greater possibility of finding contaminated areasinurban environments due to greater human disturbance than in non -urban areas ... in soils from urbanand non -urban areasIn general, arsenic concentrations inurbanareas were higher than those in non -urban areas Arsenic concentrations varied significantly with land-use in ... distribution in (a) Gainesville (ns200), (b) Miami (ns240), and non -urban areas (ns448) in Florida centrations in non -urban areas surrounding the two cities and land-use categories analyzed within the...
... Genotyping of Clostridium perfringens isolated from cattle and pigs with diarrhea in Hanoi and surrounding areas, Vietnam 3.2 Genotyping of C perfringens the toxicity of C perfringens isolates and ... meaning C perfringens had changed in toxicity and would become one of the hazardous agents causing diarrhea Although in this study, the role of enterotoxin was not confirmed in C perfringens infections ... enterotoxaemia in cattle has emerged in Northern provinces since 1997, no effective prevention program has been put in place A study on the role of C perfringens in gastrointestinal diseases in domestic...
... clinical diagnosis It is anticipated that novel sequencing principles, including single-molecule sequencing34, will successfully address remaining limitations in cost, speed, and sensitivity In ... has been so successful in the past in providing insights into the molecular machinery of many living systems and will continue to so in further unraveling gene function in functional genomics ... to begin our effort of understanding the structure and function of various life forms with understanding individual genes and their activities in different organisms Indeed, after Watson and Crick,...
... longitudinal structure in the ionosphere - j0 calculated from both types of data showed that: in spring equinox the value of j0 is highest, smaller in autumn equinox and then in summer, in winter ... variation, which in summer and equinox has maximum peaks and minimum peaks, but in winter has only maximum peaks and minimum peaks Comparison of the EEJ calculated from satellite and observatory ... conditions within years including 612.002 measurement points With sampling rate of 1sec and inclination of satellite orbit of about 87.30, the selected data covers almost all studied areas To remove...
... closely with NICHE and with the communities, being involved with community mobilization and ETL training, promotion and selling (at wholesale) to vendors, andin counselling, and also in implementing and supporting the research activities. Promotion and selling of ... Control (CDC). SWAP proposed to integrate IAQ and HWTS in 10 out of 60 villages enrolled in the Nyando Integrated Child Health and Education (NICHE) project in Nyanza province, Kenya. NICHE is a project attempting to increase access to water treatment, nutritional ... Access to drinking‐water is limited; being an island, Bonaberi groundwater is brackish and contains heavy iron deposits. Furthermore, the poor system of pipelines and management of treatment plants results in contaminated, poor‐tasting and insufficient drinking‐water. These ...
... Table 3.5 Average values and rate of increasing in serum uric acid based on age group and gender n Average Increasing in serum uric acid concentration Gender (µmol/l) n % (95%CI) Male 935 316.1±79.7 ... uric acid was more common in male over 30 of ageandin female over 50 of age, the incidence was higher inurbanareas than inruralareas (14.9 and 10.1%) Liu conducted a systematic analysis ... rate of increase in serum uric acid was 9.2% (95% CI: 7.9 to 10.5%), in which increasing in serum uric acid was 6.5% in female and 12.0% in male - Serum uric acid levels increased with agein both...
... plant sewerage system In most of the cases, the wastewater at sampling point (inside of inlet chamber), point (inside of hydraulic chamber) and point (inside of soak pit), were found to be in solidified ... educational intervention The local people were using pit latrines and hand pumps which were installed at the beginning of the establishment of Bauniabad area The main activities included; (i) a baseline ... by the people and the experience gained during the preceding educational intervention in Bauniabad andin another poor settlement The main objective was to test pilot plants comparing locally available...
... for scandalous entertainment instead of moral value The novel combined Defoe’s interests in conversion narratives with his experience and interest in crime Moll Flanders was a popular novel, and ... oneself in imagination is a preconceived inclination to the same in reality In Pamela and Clarissa, Richardson sows in our hearts the seeds of virtue, which at first remain still and inactive: ... of the population lived in villages or small towns and earned their living working on land Nearly seventy percents of the population inhabited in big towns and cities in the end of the century...
... treating children with diarrhea, ORT rates were similar in both urban slum andruralareas Continued feeding during diarrhea was somewhat higher inurban slums, but the low ORS use rate inurban ... with both urbanand poverty trends increasing.72 The number of people living inurban slums is expected to double within the next 25 years, and by 2 025, out of 10 children in developing countries ... broken down as urbanand rural. ” When comparing urbanandrural data, the health status of urban children appears relatively good; urban infant and child mortality rates are invariably lower...
... medicines and ointments (zinc chloride and oxide as astringent and antiseptic, zinc formate as antiseptic), paints and pigments (zinc oxide, zinc carbonate, zinc sulphide), printing inks and artists ... Comber and Gunn, 1996] Activity (study in a hard water catchment area) Washing Machine Input Water Washing Dishwashing Input Water (machine) Washing Dishwashing Input Water (hand) Washing Bathing Input ... wine processing installations Zinc: comes from corrosion and leaching of plumbing, water-proofing products (zinc formate, zinc oxide), anti-pest products (zinc arsenate - in insecticides, zinc...
... 30’s age bracket They identify interesting changes in content and style features across categories, in which they include blogging words (e.g., “LOL”), all defined by the Linguistic Inquiry and ... within a +/-10 window (based on its position in the list) in multiple age groups We show the top interests in each age group in Table For example, “disney” is the most popular unique interest in ... natural language parsing In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, volume 15 MIT Press Ravi Kumar, Jasmine Novak, Prabhakar Raghavan, and Andrew Tomkins 2004 Structure and evolution...
... conducting quality of life interviews among TB patients using the MOS inurban Uganda setting was evaluated by examining the percent of missing item responses, interviewer-reported acceptability, and ... hospitals in urban, Uganda The key finding in this study of 133 patients with pulmonary TB is that the MOS in measuring HRQoL performed well on the psychometric indicators and this instrument ... to understand the functioning and well being of TB patients so that individual patient specific needs are addressed to attain the best clinical or treatment outcome, and thus increasing the likelihood...
... strains of in uenza A with adamantanes and neuraminidase inhibitors and for susceptible strains of in uenza B with neuraminidase inhibitors Because substantial genetic variation occurs in influenza ... drained with a chest tube alone and thus require adjunctive therapy Both chest tube drainage with the instillation of fibrinolytic agents, including urokinase or tissue plasminogen activator, and ... including moderate to large pleural effusions, require consultation with those services in the institution that have expertise in obtaining pleural fluid specimens and providing drainage, fibrinolytic...
... transform into a an would never become a Furthermore, an L-node is always an for some r In the image record, the andandand where and stand for the beginning and ending points of spatial coordinates ... viewing, copying and maintenance The viewing modes include static and dynamic types Static viewing modes in turn include view-thumbnail, view-annotation and view Dynamic viewing modes include ... update time), and a link(k)3 In addition to the raster images that store image as a number of pixels, objects include digital vector data that store image as points, lines and polygons, In addition,...
... training and its relevance to practice This was complemented by participant observation and recording of comments during the training sessions, aiming at validating and refining the initial training ... in Mali are headed by a nurse, though medical doctors increasingly engage in first line practice, including inruraland remote areas [8-10] While attraction of rural doctors is steadily rising, ... experience, focusing on processes and mechanisms operating in the relation between training and retention inrural practice Determinants of staff turnover inruraland remote areas It is widely recognised...