2 adequacy of drug delivery by capillary flow

... completion of RT Table 5: Changes of mean TGF-β1 ratio during the course of radiation therapy Time RP2 (n = 8) Mean of Ratio ± SD RP Non-RP Before RT Beginning of RT Middle of RT End of RT wks ... signs of RP and the radiological changes upto at least months after treatment The end point of this study was the development of ≥ grade RP Grading of the RP was recorded using the scale defined by ... the whole course of RT and they were not correlated with the risk of RP (data not shown) Discussion Being aware of the risk of radiation pulmonary injury is an important aspect of patient management...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:20

... 1973-2006, includes a time period before the beginning of the modern age of skull base surgery (1985-1990) A stratification of patient survival by year of diagnosis may facilitate understanding if current ... SAS, version 9.1.3, statistical software (SAS Institute., Cary, NC) Results A total of 511 cases of ONB were reported for the years 1973 to 2006 A description of this cohort can be found in Table ... Table There was a unimodal distribution of ages with most cases between the ages of 40 and 70 years old (mean age was 53 years, SD of 18) The majority of cases were treated with both surgery...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20

... All of DM in RT group occurred as the first event without LRR, but only 10 of 14 DM (71%) in no-RT group were the first event, of whom presented with or followed LRR Clinical characteristics of ... retrospective study consists of relatively small number of patients and PMRT decision recommended according to the poor prognostic factors of the patient at the discrepancy of the radiation oncologist ... Department of Radiation Oncology, Istanbul, TURKEY 3Trakya University Hospital, Department of Biostatistics, Edirne, TURKEY 4Trakya University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20

... span of functional cells due to an impaired microenvironment, usually ischaemia caused by the rarefaction of the capillary network Loss of capillaries is not related to proliferative damage of ... which was organized by the Department of Radiation-Oncology of the Technical University of Munich and focused on conformal and stereotactic radiotherapy in the treatment of tumors The papers ... is difficult to demonstrate, the definitive proof of cancer cure is often difficult to provide From the epidemiological point of view a patient or a group of patients are cured when their posttreatment...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 11:20

... planning results in a trade-off between the coverage of the target, avoidance of adjacent healthy structures, and the inhomogeneity of the dose within the target The consequences of non-uniform dose ... integral dose to the body because of leakage radiation resulting from the use of a greater number of fields and a increased number of monitor units A larger volume of normal tissue is exposed to ... on the variability of the rectal wall affected by tumor The variation of rectal wall in patients with LARC would be probably smaller due to the fixation that can be confirmed by digital rectal...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 08:22

... error of less than 1.5% The stability of kV-CBCT number and electron density indicates acceptable overall performance of the kV-CBCT system The kV-CBCT images of the uniformity section of the ... module part of the phantom Calibration of relative electron density For the dose calculation in a treatment planning system, the relative electron density or physical density of each voxel of the ... As a result, the calibration of kV-CBCT images for dose calculation is an active area of research [12-15] The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of using a mapping method to calibrate...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 08:23

... For target coverage, 95% of CTV, 90% and 95% of PTV, all achieved at least 99% of the prescribed dose were listed, respectively There were no significant differences of coverage for CTV and PTV ... constraints for V30 of the liver for coplanar Hsieh et al Radiation Oncology 2010, 5:40 http://www.ro-journal.com/content/5/1/40 Page of Figure Isodose distributions of prescribed dose of 46.4 Gy to ... most significant predictor of RILD, with a threshold dose of 31 Gy The University of Michigan Medical Center reported that the mean hepatic dose was a strong predictor of subsequent radiation-induced...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 08:23

... edge of the vertebral body, PTV coverage is compromised In this study, the tight clinical plans resulted in a D95 of 60% of prescription and loose clinical plans resulted in a D95 of 86% of prescription ... http://www.ro-journal.com/content/5/1/74 Page of Optimization was performed by lowering the desired mean dose to the carotid artery so that it did not exceed 105% of the prescription dose (PTV D95) Thus, contouring of the carotid ... generated a second plan of one of the three patients who had T1N0, anteriorly-located disease, based on the premise that these tumors often involve the anterior third of the true vocal cord and...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20

... 99% of the PTV2 with ≥ 95% of the prescribed dose We also checked that 95% of the PTV1 received 95% of the prescribed dose No more than 2% of the PTV was allowed to receive more than 107% of the ... degree of modulation even if in beam eye view a part of the volume was excluded of the beam at each gantry position Globally rotational delivery permitted to irradiate all the volume of the PTV ... in cell survival by recovery from sub lethal damage [31,32] One of the downfalls of IMRT is the potential risk of second cancer [33-36] Theoretically, the significant reduction of MU with RapidArc...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20

... IMRT In fact, because of the size of the targets, most of the IMRT fields shall be split due to hardware limitations of the MLC, as also shown by Hong et al [8], prolonging delivery time RA proved ... trade-off against toxicity on major organs at risk, iii) presence of a simultaneous boost on the pelvis, major site of recurrences Two sets of plans were compared in this study, all designed by ... resolution of mm at isocentre for the central 20 cm and of 10 mm in the outer × 10 cm, leaf transmission of 1.8%) Plans for RapidArc were optimised selecting a maximum DR of 600 MU/min and a fixed DR of...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20

... potentialized by CT since it not only improves delivery of CT but also potentially provides conditions for CT dose escalation In our series, use of IMRT did not reduce acute GU toxicities The incidence of ... considerably positive in favor of IMRT Curiously, grade acute GI toxicity was more often found among patients treated by IMRT Because grade acute GI side effects are described by RTOG/EORTC criteria ... consider that the low number of events could have limited the statistical power of this analysis Another advantage of IMRT is the possibility to deliver a different level of daily dose to the distinct...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20

... presence of or fewer individual sites of disease The superior outcome of patients defined as oligometastatic by this definition was expected, and this or a similar cutoff level of sites of disease ... terms of metabolic imaging following SBRT for RCC and melanoma and the overall survival of this population of patients, with the intent of offering guidance for proper patient selection Page of ... that to achieve a high rate of durable LC in a fraction regimen of SBRT, a dose of at least 48 Gy is required Author details University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20

... received by X% of the volume of interest, and V X Gy = percent volume of interest Mok et al Radiation Oncology 2011, 6:63 http://www.ro-journal.com/content/6/1/63 receiving at least a dose of X Gy ... preoperatively for adenocarcinoma of the rectum at the University of Texas M.D Anderson Cancer Center were identified These patients were representative of the breadth of disease typically encountered ... utilized to block normal tissues outside of the intended targeted tissues For the purposes of this study, given a lack of consensus with regard to delineation of boost volumes for rectal cancer [19],...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20

... 2-week cycles of days of chemoradiotherapy, followed by a 9-day break Radiotherapy was administered either daily or twice daily (bid), with a mean total dose of 64.8 Gy The majority of patients ... these 30 patients were implanted by application of high-doserate interstitial brachytherapy technique with a tumor dose of 34 Gy (18-48 Gy) delivered by application of 300-400 cGy fractions, bid ... of the short duration of treatment, generally lasting day for SRS and approximately weeks of alternate-day treatment for SRT The lack of hematological or systemic toxicity permits inclusion of...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:21

... utility of TATI as a prognostic biomarker in patients with cancer of the colon and rectum, irrespective of neoadjuvant RT Page of 10 Additional material Additional file 1: Study design Flowchart ... http://www.ro-journal.com/content/6/1/100 Page of 10 Figure Prognostic value of TATI concentrations in tumour tissue and serum ROC curves showing estimations of the prognostic value of t-TATI in surgically obtained ... Research Funds of Skåne University Hospital Author details Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Pathology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden 2Department of Clinical...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:21

... the central periurethral area of 99% of the prescribed dose The duration of IMRT reached a median of 56 days (range, 52 – 63 days) Dose constraints A maximum dose of 100% to the urethra was allowed ... However, after treatment 93% (27 out of 29) of patients with and 90% (9 out of 10) of patients without HT reached a PSA nadir value ≤ 0.5 ng/ mL In patients treated by HT, time to nadir was shorter ... (PGUM) three by history of hormonal therapy free survival stratified by (a) pre-treatment GU toxicity Actuarial analysis ofand (b)year late ≥ grade genitourinary Actuarial analysis of three year...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:22

... Thereby beam arrangements are shown, which to our knowledge have not been published previously Figure MLC head Dosimetric verification of accuracy of field junctions of a Dosimetric verification of ... safe 3D-treatments some years ago: a dose of ≥ 20 Gy should not exceed 50% of the volume of a single lung and ≥ 25 Gy should not exceed 30% of the volume of both lungs together [15-17] Observing ... maintaining good sparing of myelon and esophagus, This series is treated to 63,0 Gy; after 45 Gy the elective nodes of the upper mediastinum are withdrawn by setting of MLCs In a second series...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:20

... findings of MPM Webb et al showed that the desmoplastic reaction caused by tumor-induced proliferation of benign connective tissue adjacent to the tumor can result in an overestimation of the stage of ... to 42% of the maximum level Statistical Analysis On the basis of the literature, we hypothesized that integration of PET into RTP would change the target volumes in approximately 30% of the patients ... these 12 patients, mean GTV decreased by 47.1% ± 28.4%, mean CTV decreased by 38.7% ± 24.7%, mean PTV1 decreased by 31.1% ± 23.1%, and mean PTV2 decreased by 40.0% ± 24.0% In all 12 patients the...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:20

... likelihood of neurological death is decreased [8] The majority of patients who achieve local tumor control die from progression of extracranial disease, whereas the cause of death is most often due ... time of analysis were censored with the date of last follow-up The endpoint of the study was overall survival Survival was calculated from the first day of radiotherapy using the method of Kaplan ... five days per week to a planned total dose of 40 Gy (n = 102) and hypofractionation with daily fractions of Gy, five days per wk to a planned total dose of 30 Gy (n = 134) The surgical resection...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:21