1 3  glucans drug delivery and pharmacology

... 65 :35 , 75:25 or 85 :15 The degradation of PLGA 85 :15 31 INTRODUCTION took about 15 0 days, while PDLLA was completely degraded in 12 -14 months in phosphate buffer solution (Jeffery et al., 19 93) ... Misny, 19 99), nerve growth factor (Maysinger et al., 19 94), vaccines (Borges et al., 2005), diclofenac sodium (Pillay and Fassihi, 19 99a and 19 99b), prednisolone (Sugawara et al., 12 INTRODUCTION 19 94), ... consumer products and cosmetics industries Flavors have been encapsulated since the 19 30 s, vitamins since the 19 40s and ink for carbonless paper since 19 56 (Brannon-Peppas, 19 93) The concept of...

Ngày tải lên: 13/09/2015, 20:39

... 1. 39 3. 03 3.43a 3. 30 64.90 60. 61 55. 61 56.06 3. 22 2.29 3. 41 3. 81 57.92 6. 41 37 .75 41. 62 40.29 48.68 23. 73 39.04 37 C 2. 01 0.94 0.72 6. 71 1.09a 3. 81 Phase stateb dp dAc 36 .59 36 . 31 ... 36 .59 36 . 31 38 .62 39 .89 23 C 1. 34 1. 37 0.75 0.80 36 .82 2.54 1. 27 1. 55 1. 32 2.29 37 C 0.07 0 .10 0.04 0. 51 1.00 0 .17 1. 13 1. 04 1. 11 1.20 23 C 0.08 0.04 0. 03 0 .11 1. 20 0 .14 Phase transition ... [NC(O)O], 13 1.4 0 13 0.52 (C=C), 73. 44 (CH), 65 .34 , 59.28, 58.46, 46.96, 46.77, 40.58, 37 .86, 33 .86, 33 .77, 33 .70, 30 .94, 30 .90, 30 .84, 30 .79, 30 . 71, 30 .66, 30 .62, 30 . 53, 30 .50, 30 .40, 30 .38 , 30 .32 , 30 .27,...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... Sodium-Loaded Vesicles 90 90 91 91 91 92 92 93 93 93 94 94 94 95 98 10 0 10 2 10 4 10 4 10 6 10 6 10 6 10 6 10 7 10 7 10 7 10 7 10 8 10 8 10 8 10 8 11 0 11 1 11 2 11 7 11 8 12 0 12 0 12 2 12 2 12 2 iv 8.2 .3 Determination of Encapsulation ... 29 30 30 31 33 33 34 34 36 36 36 36 37 38 40 46 47 47 49 49 50 50 ii 3. 2.4 Phase Solubility Studies 3. 2.5 Surface Tension and Contact Angle Measurements 3. 2.6 In vitro Skin Permeation Studies 3. 3 ... Conclusion CHAPTER Conclusion and direction for future work REFERENCES LIST OF PUBLICATIONS 12 5 12 5 12 5 12 6 12 6 12 6 12 6 12 8 12 8 13 1 13 4 13 6 14 2 16 7 v SUMMARY Topical drug delivery helps to achieve...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 14:03

... PG-Limonene 0 .1% v/v PG-Limonene 0 .1% v/v, RM β-CD 0. 01 M PG RM β-CD 0. 01 M Mean Flux ± SD (μg/cm2/h) 0 .18 ± 0. 01 0.04 ± 0. 01 0 .11 ± 0. 03 0.49 ± 0 .12 0.90 ± 0 .14 1. 71 ± 0.22 0 .12 ± 0. 01 1.98 ± 0 .35 2.74 ... Table 3 .1) 57 Table 3 .1 Surface tension and contact angle values of the solutions (n =3) Formulations Surface Tension (mN/m) ± SD Contact angle ± SD water 70 .3 ± 0.25 91. 6 ± 3 . 13 RM β-CD 0.01M 57.5 ... β-CD 0.05M 54.8 ± 0. 31 − RM β-CD 0.1M 54 .1 ± 0.22 52.0 ± 3. 82 PG 36 .2 ± 0. 21 40.0 ± 4.54 PG-Limonene 36 .2 ± 0.06 − PG-Limonene-RM β-CD 36 .2 ± 0.05 − buffer pH 59.2 ± 0.42 54 .11 ± 6.58 buffer pH...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 14:03

... Studies, 3( 3) 17 9 19 5 Allen, K M., 2006 Community-based disaster preparedness and climate adaptation: local capacitybuilding in the Philippines Disasters, 30 (1) 81 – 10 1 Anderson, M B and Woodrow, ... biodiversity Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 17 (1) 40 –44 Common, M., 19 95 Economists don’t read Science Ecological Economics, 15 (2) 10 1– 10 3 Dietz, T., Ostrom, E and Stern, P., 20 03 The struggle to govern ... Science, 30 2(5652) 19 07 19 12 Dobson, A P., Bradshaw, A D and Baker, A J M., 19 97 Hopes for the future: restoration ecology and conservation biology Science, 277( 532 5) 515 – 522 Dove, M R and Hudayana,...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:56

... october 9th 2 010 Lesson 1: Getting Started + Listen and Read Listening Listen and Answer the questions a will listen get to the countryside? We How did theyto the text about Ba, Liz and family taking ... Watering the g/ Ploughing with vegetables the buffalo Saturday, october 9th 2 010 Lesson 1: Getting Started - Listen and Read + Language focus I Vocabulary: (Matching) a- Home village (n) : b- Shrine ... visited Ba’s uncle Reading a True or false statements? Ba and his family had a two - day trip to their home a day trip village -> Ba and his family had a day trip to their home village Many people...

Ngày tải lên: 29/09/2013, 05:10

... inaon the Italian front He as a driver 19 21 He met many ofIn 19 19 friends in Paris his old In 19 22 Monday, November 23rd 2009 Period 42: Lesson 6: Situation and practice Exercise: Nối câu sau sử ... in 18 99 ? What / / 19 18 ?  What did he in 19 18 ?  He worked as a driver on the Italian front When / writing career ?  When did begin his writing career ?  He began his writing career in 19 22 ... Monday, November 23rd 2009 THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA Ernest Hemingway Monday, November 23rd 2009 Period 42: SITUATION AND PRACTICE Monday, November 23rd 2009 Period 42: Lesson 6: Situation and practice...

Ngày tải lên: 10/10/2013, 02:11

... (A2) 2 635 216 10 ⁄ 19 .3 25.6 0. 018 1. 6 15 .3 25.2 39 .3 ⁄ 10 .1 25.6 corresponding solvent content of 50% Data were processed using the program mosflm [38 ], and the ccp4 suite of programs [39 ] was ... niacin-related FEBS Journal 276 (2009) 6 615 –66 23 ª 2009 The Authors Journal compilation ª 2009 FEBS 66 21 Crystal structure of human ACMSD 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 S Garavaglia et al compounds ... et al His His His 17 4 Asp 2 91 w1 DHAP B Met 19 5 w1 w 268 DHAP Leu 296 w 51 C1 Trp 19 1 Phe 294 centre into a small pocket delimited by residues Asp2 91, Trp1 91, Met195, Arg47 and the Phe294Pro295-Leu296...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 06:20

... Systems–methods Skin Absorption WB 34 0] RM1 51. T656 2 011 615 ' .19 –dc 23 2 011 019 937 Printed in Singapore 10 For my husband Tony for his patience and support, and Tom, Sam, and Victoria for their inspiration ... 20 03; 2 63: 17 3 18 1 30 Iervolino M, Cappello B, Raghavan SL, Hadgraft J Penetration enhancement of ibuprofen from supersaturated solutions through human skin Int J Pharm 20 01; 212 : 13 1 14 1 31 Iervolino ... Cosmet Sci 2005; 56: 31 1 3 21 60 Aalto-Korte K, Turpeinen M Transepidermal water loss and absorption of hydrocortisone in widespread dermatitis Br J Dermatol 19 93; 12 8: 633 – 635 61 Aalto-Korte K, Turpeinen...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 22:21

... 0.064 0.055 0.0 53 0.040 0.474 0 . 13 7 0.2 01 0 .14 8 0.079 0.079 0. 216 0 .38 6 0. 218 0 . 13 6 0 .11 3 0 .15 1 0.057 0.0 63 1. 9 13 0. 835 1. 122 2 .36 0 0.684 0.987 0.425 1. 574 1. 30 0 1. 640 1. 811 0. 933 2 .10 4 0.860 ± ± ... 0.0 83 0.006 0.006 0.0 31 0.027 0. 017 0. 014 ± ± ± ± ± ± ± 0. 034 0.024 0. 014 0. 016 0.009 0.007 0.007 ± ± ± ± ± ± ± 0 .15 2 0. 016 0.0 43 0 .15 5 0.0 23 0.025 0.055 ± ± ± ± ± ± ± 0.284 0 .12 7 0.089 0. 31 5 0 .15 2 ... reduced to 37 .99 ± 0. 81 RFUÆmin )1 lg )1, or 27.84 ± 3. 27 RFUÆmin )1 lg )1, )1 23 .10 ± 3. 90 RFUÆmin Ælg )1, respectively The inhibitory effect of compound was stronger than that of compound 1, the original...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 11:20

... ª 2006 FEBS E.M Harrison et al 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 Suppression of c-Myc-induced apoptosis by Ras signalling through PI (3) K and PKB Nature 38 5, 544–548 Wang X, McCullough KD, ... phosphoGSK3b (ser9) (pGSK3b), phospho-GSK3a ⁄ b (ser 21 ⁄ 9) (pGSK3a ⁄ b), phospho-ERK1 ⁄ ERK2 MAPK (Thr202 ⁄ Tyr204) (E10) monoclonal (p-ERK1 ⁄ 2), ERK1 ⁄ ERK2 MAPK (total-ERK1 ⁄ 2), phospho-p38 MAPK ... (Thr180 ⁄ Tyr182) (28B10) monoclonal (p-p38) and p38 MAP kinase (5F 11) monoclonal (total p38) antibodies were obtained from New England Biolabs (Hitchin, Hertfordshire, UK) Cell culture and transfections...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... can download mail and disconnect the Internet all the time They can download mail and disconnect before reading and composing messages; and before reading and composing messages; and • accessibility, ... community, and we will have a broad look at online community tools available, which – in order to simplify – we distinguish in two main groups: e-mail based and web based tools; and synchronous and ... meetings, indirect deliver trough journals, and a combination of both trough transactions and letter publishing Community Direct delivery (push) Indirect delivery (pull) Combination Online Electronic...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 20:20

... E292S:L3 32 .65 1. 90 (1. 95 1. 90) P 212 1 21 a = 60 .33 b = 65 .39 c = 96.49 a = b = c = 90° 0.052 (0. 21) 13 .8 (3. 3) 98.9 (95 .3) 3. 3 (2.6) 30 432 0 . 13 5 0 .16 8 0. 014 1. 35 0.09 3 211 38 . 23 2.00 (2 .11 –2.00) P 212 1 21 ... P 212 1 21 a = 58.57 b = 64. 63 c = 94.48 a = b = c = 90° 0.069 (0. 43) 17 .4 (3. 7) 10 0.0 (10 0.0) 5.4 (5 .3) 25 035 0 .15 4 0.200 0.020 1. 46 0 .11 32 33 334 21 24 30 8 21 22 19 .85 1. 80 (1. 85 1. 80) P 212 1 21 ... = 59.95 b = 65 .32 c = 96.54 a = b = c = 90° 0. 039 (0 .16 ) 14 .2 (4.7) 99 .3 (94 .1) 3. 2 (2.4) 35 5 63 0 . 13 6 0 .16 3 0. 012 1. 25 0.08 3 214 24 289 17 19 24 75 38 .19 1. 70 (1. 79 1. 70) P 212 1 21 a = 58.72 B...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:20

... elongated islands are faceted with (1 9)/(5 9) at an angle of 16 ° with respect to the substrate surface, their 3 Š ends are faceted with (15 17 ), (1 1) and (3 15 17 ) at the angles of 24°, 30 ° and 24°, ... 2782 [3] G Medeiros-Ribeiro et al., Science 279 (19 98) 35 3 [4] J Knall, J.B Pethica, Surf Sci 265 (19 92) 15 6 [5] H Omi, T Ogino, Appl Phys Lett 71 (19 97) 216 3; H Omi, T Ogino, Phys Rev B 59 (19 99) ... Phys Lett 76 (2000) 35 34 [10 ] P M€ ller, R Kern, Surf Sci 457 (2000) 229 u [11 ] F.M Ross, J Tersoff, R.M Tromp, Phys Rev Lett 80 (19 98) 984 [12 ] J Tersoff, Phys Rev B 43 (19 91) 937 7 ...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:34

... and human (AGP1_HUMAN; Q1 538 9 and AGP2_HUMAN; O1 512 3) (iv) Ficolins: ficolin A and B from pig (FICOLA_PIG; L1 234 4 and FICOLB_PIG; L1 234 5), mouse (FICOLA_MOUSE; AB007 8 13 and FICOLB_MOUSE; AF0 63 217 ), ... (GLUBP_LITSTY, AF4 735 79 -1) , the putative Gram-negative bacteria-binding proteins from the Diptera Anopheles gambiae (ENSAN1_ANGA, XP_ 31 2 118 .1) , (ENSAN5_ANGA, XP_ 31 2 116 .1) and (BACBP_ANGA, CAA04496 .1) , as ... P10 039 ), human (TENA_HUMAN; P248 21 – and – TENAl_HUMAN; dJ 114 1O19 .1) , fish Danio rerio (TENAC_DARE; CAA 614 89 .1) , and pig (TENA_PIG; Q2 911 6 – and – TENAX_PIG; CAA60686 .1) , as well as the the microfibril-associated...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 16:20

... p3 -S Ab -S – Ab Antibody Probe Sp1 /3 Sp3 Relative Fluorescence Units A 10 3 P1 promoter Q PCR MEF2A ChIP Input 10 2 Sp1 ChIP Sp3 ChIP TF 10 1 Nonimmune serum ChIP 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 ... 25 Sp1 /3 Sp3 Sp1 /3 * Sp3 * 23 24 25 26 er r Sp 1m e 31 32 33 34 35 fold 25 50 25 molar excess of competitor 50 25 50 10 0 10 0 28 29 Jm H/ Im e 30 – 27 F/G m er Jm Lm er er 22 M yD m 21 er 20 Km ... associated protein, is present in rodent sperm and binds 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 TRPC2 and TRPC5 but not TRPC1 channels Dev Biol 286, 32 6 33 7 Treves S, Franzini-Armstrong C, Moccagatta...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... Gal:H3 Gal:H4 3. 95 3. 95 4.82 3. 53 3. 43 3.72 3. 53 3. 43 3.72 Proton (1H) Chemical shift (p.p.m.) Proton (1H) Chemical shift (p.p.m.) GalNAc:H1 GalNAc:CH3 GalNAc:H3 GalNAc:H1 Gal:H2 Gal:H2 4.79 1. 79 ... Gal-GalNAc Proton (1H) GalNAc:H1 GalNAc:H3 GalNAc:H3 Gal:H1 Gal:H1 Gal:H2 GalNAc:CH3 GalNAc:CH3 GalNAc:CH3 4.79 3. 77 3. 77 4.82 4.82 3. 53 1. 79 1. 79 1. 79 GalNAc:H2 GalNAc:H2 Gal:H1 Gal:H2 Gal:H3 Gal:H4 Gal:H2 ... GalNAc:CH3 GalNAc:H3 GalNAc:H1 Gal:H2 Gal:H2 4.79 1. 79 3. 77 4.79 3. 53 3. 53 10 ThrcCH3 12 AlaaH 10 ThrcCH3 10 ThrbH 11 AlaßCH3 12 AlaaH 0.98 4.07 0.98 4.04 1. 09 4.07 anomeric proton of Gal, which identified...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 13:20

... exo -1, 3- b-glucanase Substrate (Gn) Km (mM ) 10 3: Vmax (mmol:min 21: mg 21) 10 3: (Vmax/Km) (min 21 : mg 21) ln (Vmax/Km) G3G G3G3G G3G3G3G G3G3G3G3G G3G3G3G3G3G 16 .5 5.0 1. 9 2.0 2 .1 0 .36 5.5 14 16 18 ... definitions, see footnotes): G4G4G3G and G4G3G were produced by digestion of barley glucan with a 1, 3 -1, 4-bglucanase and purified [26] The G3G3G3G3G3G, G3G3G3G3G, and G3G3G3G were prepared by formic ... (%) None Ca 21 Mn 21 Mg 21 Zn 21 Hg 21 PHMB EDTA 10 0 97 13 6 89 83 86 90 81 q FEBS 20 01 Exo -1, 3- b-glucanase from T viride (Eur J Biochem 268) 612 7 in hydrolysis of 1, 3- b-oligoglucosides and curdlan...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 04:21

... v2 9.8 2.5 9.6 3. 0 ã ã ã ã 10 )5 10 )4 10 )4 10 )3 3 .3 3.4 1. 1 4.4 ã ã ã ã 10 7 10 5 10 6 10 5 v 2.9 3 .1 1.7 3 .1 ã ã ã ã 10 )4 10 )4 10 )3 10 )4 mutant (Fig 4, insets) Notably, in 7.9 m GdmCl and 40 mm CaCl2, ... (kJặmol )1) mg DDGH2O )1 )1 (kJặmol ặM ) (kJặmol )1) Wild-type D287A E53A E53A D287A 6.7 6.2 6.0 6.2 9.2 5.9 5.6 5 .3 0 . 13 0 .15 0 .12 0 .15 61. 5 36 .5 33 .9 33 .1 1. 23 0. 91 0.68 0. 83 0 .18 0 .15 ... m )1, 8.6 m )1, 8.4 m )1 and 9.4 m )1 for the wild-type and D287A, E53A and the double mutant, respectively In 7.9 m GdmCl, the acrylamide quenching constants were 13 .0 m )1, 9.9 m )1, 11 .5 m )1 and 10 .3...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 04:20

... S., and Hawkridge, F., eds.), Plenum, New York, pp 37 3 38 2 27 Neumann, E (19 86) Elementary analysis of chemical electric field effects in 34 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 Neumann, ... Electroporation and Transport 29 – 1. 0 · 10 3, where ∆ λ m = 1. 3 · 10 –5 S cm 1 is the increase in the transmembrane conductivity at E = 2 .1 kV cm 1 and λi = 1. 3 · 10 –2 S cm 1 Hence the maxirp mum number ... 25 Cevc, G (19 90) Membrane electrostatics Biochim Biophys Acta 10 31 , 31 1 38 2 26 Neumann, E and Boldt, E (19 89) Membrane electroporation: Biophysical and biotechnical aspects Charge and Field Effects...

Ngày tải lên: 11/04/2014, 00:29