1 relapse+and+failure+of+first+line+treatment

... using the cutoff of more than 1000 copies/ml reported a cumulative probability of failure by three years after ART initiation of 19.3% [13], and a study of children and adolescents in Uganda reported ... better use of first- line drugs can delay failure and improve second -line outcomes, the need for secondline paediatric ART in LMICs will continue to grow The TApHOD and IeDEA Journal of the International ... boosted PI for first- line treatment of all children under three years of age or weighing less than 10 kilograms All recommended second -line regimens for children failing NNRTI-based first- line ART...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 08:20

... access and use in Asia and southern Africa J Int AIDS Soc 2011, 14(1):7 doi:10.1186/1758-2652-14-17 Cite this article as: and : A biregional survey and review of first- line treatment failure and ... (TApHOD), and The International Epidemiologic Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) Southern Africa Paediatric Group: A biregional survey and review of first- line treatment failure and second -line paediatric ... and Journal of the International AIDS Society 2011, 14:17 http://www.jiasociety.org/content/14/1/17 Page of Table First- and second -line antiretroviral therapy regimens in use in TREAT Asia and...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 08:20

... http://www.jiasociety.org/content/13/1/11 Page of 10 Table Characteristics at time of ART start of children on first line ART = 24 months Table 1: Characteristics at time of ART start of children on first line ART = 24 months ... age and socio-economic status, were similarly not associated with treatment failure after 24 months of ART Discussion This study, with a large cohort of children on ART, showed that first- line treatment ... such as: age of caregiver; education and literacy level of caregiver; distance of house to the clinic; size of family; and status of parents (alive/dead) Isaakidis et al Journal of the International...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 08:20

... retrospectively clarify the efficacy and toxicities of the docetaxel and S-1 combination as a first- line treatment for patients with advanced or recurrent gastric cancer and to analyze prognostic factors ... studies TS, NT, and HY participated in its design and coordination and helped to draft the manuscript KY conceived of the study and participated in its design and coordination HO, chief of our institution ... patient had a treatment- unrelated early death, and the other refused the treatment for reasons not related to toxicity during the course of the 2nd cycle Treatment administration of S-1 was delayed...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 03:21

... Glossary of terms 1352 Glossary of Wafer Processing terminology Glossary of Fuselink terminology (Fuseology) Glossary of Relay terminology Glossary of Varistor terminology Glossary of PTC and NTC ... and (b) doping profile of the formed step junction 1.1.2 Diffusion Diffusion, the movement of a chemical species from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration, is one of ... controlled diffusion of dopants into silicon to alter the type and level of conductivity of semiconductor materials is the foundation of forming a p-n junction and formation of devices during wafer...

Ngày tải lên: 06/06/2014, 21:21

... conceptualisation and design of the original web-based survey FJS, SES and FP assessed the quality of the data collected and participated in the design of the validation study and the development of the statistical ... mean scores of the insulin-treated patients are on three of the four positive items (3, and 17) pertaining to improved Page of (page number not for citation purposes) Health and Quality of Life Outcomes ... Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2007, 5:69 quencies, means and standard deviation on all measures Differences in demographic, clinical and questionnaire scores between the insulin naïve and...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... conceptualisation and design of the original web-based survey FJS, SES and FP assessed the quality of the data collected and participated in the design of the validation study and the development of the statistical ... mean scores of the insulin-treated patients are on three of the four positive items (3, and 17) pertaining to improved Page of (page number not for citation purposes) Health and Quality of Life Outcomes ... Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2007, 5:69 quencies, means and standard deviation on all measures Differences in demographic, clinical and questionnaire scores between the insulin naïve and...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 16:20

... Length of a first- order branch Foliar biomass of a first- order branch Woody biomass of a first- order branch Total (foliage and woody) biomass of a first- order branch Height of the base of a first- order ... three-dimensional coordinates of the base of the main stem of an individual H: height of the leader shoot tip (tree height), z : height of the base of a branch the growth and mortality of first- order branches ... to the size and height of branches, the competitive status of individuals, and the size and growth of individuals MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1 Study site and data collection At the end of the growing...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:22

... practice in the first- line setting in terms of both efficacy and safety Safety and tolerability of dasatinib and nilotinib compared with imatinib in the first- line setting Although dasatinib and nilotinib ... Efficacy of dasatinib and nilotinib compared with imatinib in the first- line setting In randomized trials, both dasatinib and nilotinib have shown superior efficacy compared with imatinib as firstline ... of first- line nilotinib, nausea and diarrhea were reported in 38% and 21% of patients, respectively, (no grade 3-4), and diarrhea occurred in 7% (2% grade 3-4) [15] In the GIMEMA study, 11% of...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 22:21

... collagen I and collagen III in the mesenchymal tissue of the saline control group The expressions of collagen I and collagen III of the silica+LvshCD36 group were weaker than those of the silica and ... http://respiratory-research.com/content/10/1/36 Quantity of TGF-β1 and the percentage of active TGF-β1 in BALF Figure Quantity of TGF-β1 and the percentage of active TGF-β1 in BALF (A–a) The quantity of total and active TGF-β1 in ... hydroxyproline content of the four treatment groups were observed at days after instillation when measured using a hydroxyproline kit However, the hydroxyproline contents of the silica group and the...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 14:20

... used ANOVA and linear regression models to study the effect of SNPs on first and last available FEV1 and FEV1/VC (adjusted for gender, age, pack-years, and height in regression models) Linear Mixed ... TGF-β1 and decorin using LME models The outcome of the mean annual decline concerns females with age 30 when entered in the LME, a mean first FEV1 of the population, and zero pack-years The mean of ... significant LD Graphs of the LD patterns with D', r and P-values in both genes are presented in the additional file Prevalence of SNPs and haplotypes in TGF-β1 and decorin in COPD and control subjects...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:20

... HH, Kurland CG: The genome sequence of Rickettsia prowazekii and the origin of mitochondria Nature 1998, 396:133-140 Andersson JO, Andersson SG: Pseudogenes, junk DNA, and the dynamics of Rickettsia ... [33,39] We analyzed each of the 64 genomes individually, and atypical genes and pseudogenes were identified if the GC content at first and third codon positions was two or more standard deviations higher ... domain of integrase, which mediates integration of a DNA copy of a viral/bacteriophage genome into the host genome [32] It catalyzes the DNA strand-transfer reaction by ligating the 3' ends of the...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 14:21

... function matrix of a cohesive element Nedge number of edges in an element NfDOFD number of internal floating DoF of an element xx NfDOFj number of shared floating DoF on edge j of an element ... floating DoF of an element fDOFj array of shared floating DoF on edge j of an element h laminate half-thickness h1 thickness of the [02 ] sub-laminate xv h2 thickness of the ... damage and failure of different driving mechanisms, as well as their interactions, poses great challenges for both the failure theories and numerical methods 1.1 Overview of the failure mechanisms of...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:28

... their support i Table of Contents Acknowledgements i Table of Contents ii Summary vii List of Tables ix List of Figures xi List of Schemes xii List of Abbreviations xiii List of Publications xvi ... Synthesis of N-Containing Heterocycles (Part 1) Development and Application of Hantzsch Ester (Part 2a); Development and Application of Hypervalent Iodine Compounds (Part 2b); Part of this thesis ... advantages Firstly, simple filtration and washing of the solid support can be used as a separation and purification method thus eliminating the tedious and timeconsuming workup procedure which is often...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 10:15

... YIELDING AND FAILURE OF CEMENT TREATED SOIL XIAO HUAWEN (B.Eng., M.E., HHU) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE ... Behavior of cement-treated sand and clay 1.2.3 Behavior of cement-treated Singapore marine clay Objectives and organization of the thesis 1.3 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Basic concepts and ... of strain softening 195 5.2.2 Special specimen with lubrication and radial excess 196 5.2.2.1 Effect of slenderness ratio 198 5.2.2.2 Effect of lubrication 199 5.2.2.3 Effect of combination of...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:27

... result of the presence of atoms, bonding electrons, and non-bonding electrons, as well as forces of attraction and repulsion TO PREVIOUS SLIDE UNIT Chapter 4: Chemical Bonding and Properties of Section ... Atomic Models and Properties of Atoms Learning Check HCN has two bonding groups and no lone pairs The electron-group arrangement is linear, and the shape of the molecule is also linear TO PREVIOUS ... structure of metals consists of aggregates of crystals TO PREVIOUS SLIDE UNIT Chapter 4: Chemical Bonding and Properties of Section 4.1 Matter Properties of Metals Melting and Boiling Points • the...

Ngày tải lên: 01/12/2015, 22:44

... Introduction • The principal goal of physical chemistry is to understand the properties and behaviour of material systems and to apply this understanding in useful ways References Textbook ... measures the degree of hotness of a body (“how hot”) It doesn’t depend on the mass or the material of an object It can be thought of as a measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules ... RT / V The total pressure of the gases: pT = nT RT / V nT represents the total number of moles of gas present in the mixture P1 and P2 are the partial pressures of gas and gas 2, respectively •...

Ngày tải lên: 25/09/2016, 17:47

... functionality of monocytes after treatment, we considered the upregulation of the expression of any one of these independent markers by more than 50% to be a gain of function In the 1.25 mg-group, 28% of ... of function at D170 Discussion First- line chemo-immunotherapy is a new approach to the treatment of advanced cancer Chemotherapy drugs alone induce tumor cell apoptosis and cause modulation of ... of 11 Figure First- line chemo-immunotherapy: drug administration schedule The repeated single doses of IMP321 (0.25, 1.25 and 6.25 mg s.c 12 × q14) were administered on D2 and D16 of the 28-day...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... The mechanisms of action of the antibacterial agents to be discussed in this section are summarized in Table 127-1 and are depicted in Fig 127-1 Table 127-1 Mechanisms of Action of and Resistance ... reactive of intermediates that damage DNA by electron transfer system M Quinolones (ciprofloxacin) DN Inhibit A synthesis DNA gyrase (A Insensitivity of subunit) and target topoisomerase (mutation of ... major representatives for the class Figure 127-1 Mechanisms of action of and resistance to antibacterial agents Black lines trace the routes of drug interaction wit h bacterial cells, from entry to...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2014, 02:20

... NA sequences of the ORF2 canine LINE- 1 and the TVT -LINE The ORF2 of caine LINE- 1 has one open reading frame from 178 to 4002 nucleotide The DNA sequences of the TVT -LINE in TVT lines are compared ... that the TVT -LINE contained a 416bp length homologous to the complementary strand of canine LINE- 1 and was followed by a 5bp deletion; DNA sequences of the TVT -LINE showed a 98 % and 63 % homology ... production of the virus like particles of SFV Co n stru c tion of plam ids 5′truncated LINE- 1 element of TVT (TVT -LINE) was subcloned into pBLCAT2 vector {PBL cat (F); TVT -LINE inserted into Xba I and...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 15:20