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... 2/PE AC 240 V M20 A 20 A B20 A M20 A 20 A B20 A M6 A 5A B6 A M10 A 10 A B10 A 3/PE AC 240 V M16 A 15 A B16 A M16 A 15 A B16 A M6 A 5A B6 A M6 A 5A B6 A 3/PE AC 400 V M10 A 10 A B10 A M10 A 10 A ... M6 A 5A B6 A 1.5 15 M10 A 10 A B10 A 2.5 14 M16 A 15 A B16 A 2.5 14 M16 A 15 A B16 A 17 M6 A 5A B6 A 17 M6 A 5A B6 A 1.5 15 M10 A 10 A B10 A 1.5 15 M10 A 10 A B10 A Cable cross-section mm2 AWG ... data AC 240 V/3 A DC 24 V/2 A DC 200 V/0.18 A single basic isolation Danger! l The terminals and the relay output have a single basic isolation (single insulating distance) l Protection against...

Ngày tải lên: 09/10/2015, 05:46

... 2/PE AC 240 V M20 A 20 A B20 A M20 A 20 A B20 A M6 A 5A B6 A M10 A 10 A B10 A 3/PE AC 240 V M16 A 15 A B16 A M16 A 15 A B16 A M6 A 5A B6 A M6 A 5A B6 A 3/PE AC 400 V M10 A 10 A B10 A M10 A 10 A ... M6 A 5A B6 A 1.5 15 M10 A 10 A B10 A 2.5 14 M16 A 15 A B16 A 2.5 14 M16 A 15 A B16 A 17 M6 A 5A B6 A 17 M6 A 5A B6 A 1.5 15 M10 A 10 A B10 A 1.5 15 M10 A 10 A B10 A Cable cross-section mm2 AWG ... data AC 240 V/3 A DC 24 V/2 A DC 200 V/0.18 A single basic isolation Danger! l The terminals and the relay output have a single basic isolation (single insulating distance) l Protection against...

Ngày tải lên: 09/10/2015, 06:31

... The proposed approach consists of three stages: training, testing and fault identification as illustrated in Figure Training Data Training Baselin Testing Data Testing Fault Identification Figure ... in vibration Outer race bearing fault characteristic frequency in vibration Inner race bearing fault characteristic frequency in vibration Ball defect bearing fault characteristic frequency in ... Mean and Standard Deviation Indices Among various statistic measurements, the mean and standard deviations of absolute value of feature are among the most popular They are also widely applied in...

Ngày tải lên: 26/09/2015, 10:59

... (RMMs), randomly occurring communication delays, sensor and actuator saturations (SASs), randomly occurring quantization and randomly varying nonlinearities (RVNs) Missing Measurements In practical ... missing measurements and quantization effects The missing measurements are modeled via a diagonal matrix consisting of a series of mutually independent random variables satisfying certain probabilistic ... estimate for the current state In fact, the main aim of this chapter is to modify the traditional Kalman filtering approach to handle a class of nonlinearities and missing measurements with variance...

Ngày tải lên: 24/04/2014, 15:12

... neutral point must be accessible; in general, these points may not be available Finally, the need for additional triacs raises physical packaging issue and may not be a cost-effective solution In ... different abnormal behaviors when the hardware suffers a device failure A detailed study comparing the abnormal behavior (in the presence of fault) against the normal behavior is a common approach ... analysis in Section III Whenever phase a is opened, it introduces an unbalanced two-phase machine with floating load neutral point As a result, ib and ic are strongly affected by the fault in phase a...

Ngày tải lên: 13/05/2014, 00:55

... http://asp.eurasipjournals.com/content/2011/1/49 Page 10 of 10 Table Variance values of residual error series State Residual error signal Normal (e-006) Fault (e-004) Data Normal Normal Fault Fault Fault Fault Fault Fault Variance 3.0529 ... to uncertainties in practical and external disturbances The rate of fail-to-report increases if the threshold is too large, vice versa, the rate of false alarm would increase Appropriate threshold ... pump’s sample data Data lmax Data1 0.0508 Data2 0.0744 Data3 0.0435 embedding dimension m, as shown in Figure 10 The correlation dimension can be determined correspondingly, D = 2.2472 According...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 00:20

... with sensors Signal conditioning and data acquisition Feature extraction Training data set Test data set GA-based selection of features and parameters Training of ANNs Is ANN training complete? ... ANNs and the data of the second set of run were used for testing In both cases, the testing data sets had no part in the training of ANNs In each case, the training was based on the training data ... implemented using Matlab neural network toolbox with backpropagation (BPN) and the training algorithm of LevenbergMarquardt The ANN was trained iteratively using the training data set to minimize the...

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 01:20

... Model applications and performance analysis are carried out as well (Satoh and Yamada, 2001; Teng and Pham, 2004; Keiller and Mazzuchi, 2002; Satoh and Yamada, 2002; Nahas and Nourelfath, 2005) An ... model parameters when actual data is available Different paired models have different parameter combinations, and traditionally, all parameters can be estimated together through least square method ... it also plays an important role in military systems In the high automated aviation industry, misunderstandings between computers and pilots have been implicated in several airline crashes in...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 16:06

... between faults as inputs and residuals as outputs Each column of the matrix represents a fault and each row a residual A “1” in the intersection means the fault a ects the residual while a “0” means ... FDI A traditional approach to fault diagnosis is based on ”hardware redundancy” methods which use multiple lanes of sensors, actuators, computers and software to measure a particular variable ... (fault or no fault; which fault occurs) is made There are two clear advantages in the approach proposed in this thesis (1) In forming the residual, the statistical inaccuracies of the EFR are...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 11:35

... Detection and Diagnosis KPCA Kernel Principal Component Analysis LDA Linear Discriminant Analysis MPCA Multi-way Principal Component Analysis xiii NLPCA Non-Linear Principal Component Analysis PCA Principal ... reducing the size of the information obtained Another main advantage is that the features cluster well to aid in classification and discrimination for the remaining stages The space can be seen as ... so can capture serial correlations in the dataset PCA has the disadvantage of assuming independence of samples in its dataset while dynamic PCA has the need to create a data matrix of larger size...

Ngày tải lên: 30/09/2015, 13:49

... signal is next calculated online as fault index, with impending fault as an increase in fault index Model-based approach aims to construct a mathematical model of the machine and thereby using ... data-based machine fault detection and diagnosis scheme using time-domain vibration data It explains how cross-correlation sum operation in time-domain data series is a suitable similarity measure ... formulated for modeling air-gap eccentricity as shown in [75, 76] Data-based approach collects real machine fault data rather than using sophisticated mathematical model to calculate them, and...

Ngày tải lên: 03/10/2015, 21:57

... signal is next calculated online as fault index, with impending fault as an increase in fault index Model-based approach aims to construct a mathematical model of the machine and thereby using ... data-based machine fault detection and diagnosis scheme using time-domain vibration data It explains how cross-correlation sum operation in time-domain data series is a suitable similarity measure ... formulated for modeling air-gap eccentricity as shown in [75, 76] Data-based approach collects real machine fault data rather than using sophisticated mathematical model to calculate them, and...

Ngày tải lên: 04/10/2015, 07:58

... forecast are investigated The first application is in an engineering domain, involving detection and diagnosis in an F-16 aircraft The second application is in the financial domain, where stock market ... training data In this thesis, a model-based approach is used in analysing F-16 actuator faults An analytical redundancy method is used for residual generation There are some related works using ... trading catalysts These trading catalysts include Federal Reserve interest rate cut, comments by influential politicians like Alan Greenspan, geopolitical events like the Iraq War and natural...

Ngày tải lên: 06/10/2015, 20:50

... Detection and Diagnosis KPCA Kernel Principal Component Analysis LDA Linear Discriminant Analysis MPCA Multi-way Principal Component Analysis xiii NLPCA Non-Linear Principal Component Analysis PCA Principal ... reducing the size of the information obtained Another main advantage is that the features cluster well to aid in classification and discrimination for the remaining stages The space can be seen as ... so can capture serial correlations in the dataset PCA has the disadvantage of assuming independence of samples in its dataset while dynamic PCA has the need to create a data matrix of larger size...

Ngày tải lên: 12/10/2015, 17:34

... PCA to analyze operation data from an industrial process Analysis is carried out on data sets extracted from an operational database of a Singapore petrochemical plant Although the training and ... built using the training data set, retaining two principal components The test data set is scaled using the mean and standard deviation of the training set as in Equation (2.1) T and Q statistics ... data value for the j th variable at the ith sample Initially, some scaling is usually required for the training data set The most common approach is to scale the data using its mean and standard...

Ngày tải lên: 26/11/2015, 12:56

... by a change in the sensor parameters or a change in its operational characteristics The detection and accommodation of these changes in order to maintain measurement credibility play an important ... proposed in this chapter It is shown that dynamic mapping of plant and sensor can be achieved by incorporating TDL memory with a MLP Standard back propagation algorithm is used for training the MLP and ... designed task A fault-tolerant system is a way of increasing overall reliability without increasing the reliability of individual components The first step for achieving active fault-tolerance is fault...

Ngày tải lên: 26/11/2015, 22:57

... total who started treatment) is a good operational indicator It shows the capacity of the programme to maintain patients on treatment, obtain smear samples, and eliminate sources of infection, and ... prepared solutions, filled into carefully cleaned bottles, rather than stale staining solutions Environmental acid-fast bacilli Acid-fast bacilli occur naturally in soil and water, and may occasionally ... examine smears from all specimens obtained from a group of selected patients Uniformity in the technical procedures of smear preparation and examination in the participating laboratories was...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 03:20

... designations appear in this book, and O’Reilly Media, Inc was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in caps or initial caps While every precaution has been taken in the ... http://www.privacyrights.org/ar/ChronDataBreaches.htm#2008 | Chapter 1: Getting Started Download at Boykma.Com Compass Bank In March 2008, a database containing names, account numbers, and customer passwords ... revenue, and maintain a safe working environment Example: Unique login for privileged operations To maintain accountability, an organization must be able to correlate activity to an individual employee...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 21:20

... filtering of modal dynamic using the Laplace wavelet,” in Proceedings of the 16th International Modal Analysis Conference (IMAC ’98), vol 2, pp 868–877, Santa Barbara, Calif, USA, February 1998 [13] ... Y Wang, Z He, and Y Zi, “Enhancement of signal denoising and multiple fault signatures detecting in rotating machinery using dual-tree complex wavelet transform,” Mechanical Systems and Signal ... frequency and damping ratio parameters revealed from the peak correlation kγ (τ) at each time τ We obtained frequency f = Hz and damping ratio ζ = 0.01 which are exactly equal to simulation values...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 08:20

... improve analytical capability also lags mainstream activities of design, manufacturing and test [1] Failure analysis is usually a sequential process involving main steps, namely: failure validation, ... within (a) mechanical aperture and (b) larger than mechanical aperture Change in TIVA signal enhancements with varying laser focusing planes and objective NA Experimental spatial resolution at various ... technology also brings about an exponential increase in new materials incorporated in fully assembled ICs [1] These materials bring about new challenges in materials deprocessing and sample preparation,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:58