mutual protection induced by host and symbiont pigments

... considerable parasite and egg attrition Correlates of protection included IgG1-dominated antibody responses and increases in the levels of uric acid and arachidonic acid in the lung and liver upon parasite ... mice and hamsters with S mansoni and S haematobium, respectively, induced highly significant (P < 0.005) reductions in worm burden and egg load [7,15,18] It is imperative to examine the basis and ... ileum and the large intestine as previously described [16,17] Liver paraffin sections from each control and test mouse were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and examined for the number and diameter

Ngày tải lên: 13/01/2020, 23:52

... removed and the results of two technical replicates were merged by SAMTools After the local alignment and recalibration by GATK, the somatic variants of neoplastic samples were called by VarScan2 and ... characterization of cancer-related genes and identification of novel genetic alterations, and contributes a critical step towards understanding of cancer initiation, progression and metastasis15 Several studies ... genome landscape of both ACF and tumors in this model, and systematically compared of the variable sites, mutant genes and perturbed pathways of CRC between mouse and human On the basis of the

Ngày tải lên: 04/12/2022, 10:32

... in vitro hepatotoxicity of CCl4 and APAP, and the cytotoxic and hepatoprotective properties of silymarin (SLM), silybinin (SLB), and silyphos (SLP) were evaluated by measuring cell viability; activities ... TAOxC, and SOD and GSH levels These differences remained significant up to an exposure time of h APAP induced a variety of dose- and time-dependent responses up to 72 h of exposure SLM, SLB, and ... levels) Results: Only SLB and SLM showed strong antioxidative activity in the DPPH assay (39.71 ± 0.85 μg/mL and 14.14 ± 65 μg/mL, respectively) CCl4 induced time- and concentration-dependent

Ngày tải lên: 04/12/2022, 14:56

... GH24 enzymes, and is also found in GH19 chitinases and GH22 or GH23 lysozymes, represented respectively by the extensively studied chitinase from barley seeds and lysozymes from hen and goose eggwhite ... provided by E Sanssouci and C Beaulieu, was used as vector for expression of mutated chitosanase genes This derivative has been obtained by pFD666 digestion with AclI and NruI followed by intramolecular ... family 46 chitosanase A B C D Fig Time courses of (GlcN)5 and (GlcN)4 hydrolysis catalyzed by wild-type and D40G endochitosanases monitored by real-time MS The enzymatic reactions were carried out

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 04:20

... activation of this stress -induced kinase was seen by as early as after exposure (two-fold), followed by a slight increase up to (2.25-fold) and reached control levels by 60 (Figs and 2) Effect on JNK ... reduce aberrant signaling and cellular activities that may ultimately lead to SEB -induced lethal shock Our goal was to evaluate multiple signaling cascades induced by SEB and target pathway interconnector ... was visible by as early as min, showed maximum activity after (2.8-fold) and finally returned to control levels by 60 (Figs and 2) Effect on p38kinase Human PBMCs were treated with SEB and the activation

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 04:20

... behavior of intact cells and isolated mitochondria has been observed by Huser & Blatter [2] who found that depo- larization induced by TMRM photoactivation was pre- vented by CsA in isolated mitochondria ... sign (posit- ive and negative, respectively), duration and intensity (Figs 2B,C and 3). The fluorescence change rate (ratio between fluorescence intensity change and duration) and frequency (number ... EJB4586/EJB4586sm.htm Fig S1 Ca2+ changes induced by ATP stimulation Calcium Green-1 showed cyclic and simultaneous Ca2+ oscillations in the nucleus and cytoplasm of. .. and intercellular distribution

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 16:20

... non-SDS/PAGE was strongly inhibited by Zn 2+ and Cu 2+ , weakly inhibited by Ca 2+ and Fe 2+ and largely unaffected by Mg 2+ . Effect of pH and metal ions – CR binding and sedimentation analysis Because ... m M sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.4 and incubated at 37 °C for up to 120 h. After 0.25, 24, 48 and 120 h of incubation at 37 °C, aliquots (15 lL) were collected and analysed by SDS- and non-SDS/PAGE. After ... was observed. These changes were accompanied by a decrease in the 4-kDa species. Between 24 and 120 h a reduction in the 4-, 8- and 12-kDa bands and an increase in high molecular mass species

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 07:20

... M2e-MAP and ODN by the s.c route and in fact did not differ significantly from the control group The strongest and most significant resistance was seen in mice vaccinated with ODN and CT by the ... groups (i.n with ODN but without CT and s.c with ODN and CT) displayed intermediate and similar levels of protection Relation between M2e-specific serum Ab titers and protection The absence of a clear ... roles of adjuvant and route of vaccine administration on titer and composition of the M2e-specific Ab response and strength of protection Results Specificity of the M2e-MAP -induced Ab response

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 18:20

... Quantification of F11R mRNA in HAEC and HUVEC by real-time PCR HAEC and HUVEC endothelial cells were grown to confluence and treated with cytokines at various times and doses The treated cells were ... analyzed by Student’s t-test and by mixed linear model analysis using SPSS software Differences were considered significant at P < 0.05 Materials and methods Human endothelial cells and proinflammatory ... protein bands were selected using the freeform tool and measured for integrated density The values were normalized to tubulin levels by dividing the integrated density of the specific band by the

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... deficits and motor impairment induced by pMCAO (assessed by the neurological score and accelerating rotarod test), it is important to emphasize the fact that these parameters were maximal by 12 ... Spain and 4VivaCell Biotechnology GmbH, FerdinandPorsche-Str 5, D-79211 Denzlingen, Germany Email: Eduardo Candelario-Jalil* - candelariojalil@yahoo.com; Noël H Mhadu - noelmhadu@hotmail.com; Armando ... nimesulide on the cerebral infarction and neurological deficits induced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) in the rat Methods: Ischemia was induced by permanent occlusion of the middle

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... were then homogenized and fractionated into cytoplasmic and membrane fractions, and the fractions Western blotted. Translocation of p67-phox and p47- phox was analyzed by determining changes ... resistant to neuro- toxicity induced by MPTP, and this effect was seen in association with attenuated formation of aggregated α- synuclein in the SN and striatum; and 3) EP2 -/- microglia exposed ... reaction induced by noncytotoxic methylmercury treat- ment leads to neuroprotection via interactions with astrocytes and IL-6 release. Glia 2002, 37(1):43-52. 24. Nagatsu T, Sawada M: Cellular and

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... (NAC) on CS -induced protein oxidation in vitro and apoptosis and lung damage in guinea pigs in vivo Effect of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) on CS -induced protein oxidation in vitro and apoptosis and lung ... (180 nmoles) is replaced by p-BQ (90 nmoles) (Fig 6D, E) Vitamin C (200 μM) prevents p-BSQ/p-BQ -induced microsomal protein degradation apparently by reducing and thereby by inactivating p-BQ p-BSQ ... B P-BSQ+vit C Figure and lung damage caused by intratracheal instillation of p-BSQ in guinea pigs and prevention by vitamin C Apoptosis Apoptosis and lung damage caused by intratracheal instillation

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:22

... stunted, possessed thick, dark leaves, and exhibited reduced flowering and root formation, and XAS plants were taller and had increased numbers of inflorescences and flowers (Figure 3C) Morphometric ... Biochemicals, Bedford, MA) and primers PKVexonF and PKVexonR corresponding to the tobacco PKV gene pkv; primers Pr1aF and PrR, corresponding to the Pr1a1 gene [11]; and primers Pr1b and PrR, corresponding ... gene expression and gibberellin content in citrus by temperature and citrus exocortis viroid Planta 2003, 216:442-448 Qi Y, Ding B: Inhibition of cell growth and shoot development by a specific

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:21

... Research article Transcriptomic changes induced by acute ozone in resistant and sensitive Medicago truncatula accessions Michael C Puckette1, Yuhong Tang2 and Ramamurthy Mahalingam*1 Address: 1246 ... number of induced genes was opposite to that in Jemalong, with maximal induced genes observed early in treatment and fewer changes at the end of ozone treatment Like in Jemalong, the number of induced ... ROS and subsequent oxidative cell death Response to SA and JA CLENCH analysis identified several GOs associated with phytohormones in both JE154 and Jemalong Significant up regulation of SA and

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... colms) and IgA values (right column) given as correlation between bronchoalve-olar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum (upper panel), between induced sputum and serum (middle panel) and between induced ... between bronchoalve- olar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum (upper panel), between induced sputum and serum (middle panel) and between induced sputum and BALF (lower panel) obtained 4 weeks after ... (closed circles, straight line) and IgA antibodies (open circles, dotted line) in single fractions of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF, A and C) and induced sputum (IS, B and D) of n = 12 healthy

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:21

... changes in cartilage matrix degradation and chondrocyte gene expression induced by mechanical injury and inflammatory cytokines Yihong CS Lu1, Christopher H Evans2 and Alan J Grodzinsky1,3* Abstract ... days and saved for analysis Pre- and post-treatment with DEX To test whether a short-duration pre-exposure of cartilage to DEX could prevent GAG loss and inhibition of biosynthesis induced by subsequent ... supported by NIH/NIAMS grants AR045779 and AR033236 (AJG) The authors thank Drs Anna Plaas, Ada Cole and John Sandy of Rush University, Chicago, for continued collaboration in enabling and coordinating

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:20

... used quantitative RT-PCR and ELISA to compare the profile of cytokine and chemokine gene expression induced by H5N1 viruses A/HK/483/97 (H5N1/97), A/Vietnam/1194/04 and A/Vietnam/3046/04 (both ... mRNA concentrations Infection and cytokine induction profile of primary human bronchial epithelial cells The cytokine and chemokine profiles induced by H1N1, H5N1/97 and H5N1/04 viruses in primary ... (Figure and 9) At 24 hours post infection, levels of IP-10 induced by H5N1/97 and both H5N1/04 viruses were comparable However, at hours post-infection, the recent H5N1/04 viruses 1194/04 and 3046/04

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:20

... conformational changes induced by DNA and cAMP i.e free CRP, CRP(cAMP)2 and CRP(cAMP)4 In the presence of % 100 lm cAMP, the protein becomes activated by the formation of a CRP(cAMP)2 complex and it is then ... containing 100 mm KCl and mm EDTA (buffer A), and 50 mm Tris HCl buffer, pH 8.0, supplemented with 100 mm KCl and mm EDTA (buffer B) 1113 CRP conformational changes induced by DNA and cAMP M Tworzydo ... of the CRPW85A mutant and its complexes with cAMP and DNA were conducted using an excitation wavelength equal to 295 nm Phase and modulation were analyzed by using single- and double-exponential...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 16:20

... analyzed by HPLC and the molecule induced by the viral infection was detected by MALDI-TOF MS (Fig 2B) The molecule was purified to homogeneity by gel permeation and reversed-phase chromatography and ... by septic injury Phk-2 is induced by DCV infection, whereas Phk-3 is induced by bacterial challenge The third member of this family in Drosophila, Phk-1, is not induced and is specifically expressed ... Fractions were hand-collected according to the absorbance at 225 nm and analyzed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry The fraction containing the induced molecule Phk-2 was further purified by reverse phase...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20

... soil and to avoid any competition with herbs Stands were selected to form a gradient of light regimes (= stand density) and stand ages comprising: (i) three young and dense Pinus-dominated stands ... the dense pine stands (R2adj = 0.63), and was about 13-fold higher in the submature stand (ML + V) than in the young stand of similar relative irradiance (ML – V) On each stand we installed a ... nursery were randomly distributed and planted in November 2000 in the centre of each 1.2 × 1.2 m unit Randomisation and utilisation of two-year-old seedlings reduced possible ontogenic and size-dependent...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 00:21