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Integrating Linux and Windows
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Integrating Linux and Windows
By Mike McCune
Publisher : Prentice Hall PTR
Pub Date : December 19, 2000
ISBN : 0-13-030670-3
Pages : 416
The complete solutions guide for every Linux/Windows system administrator!
This complete Linux/Windows integration guide offers detailed coverage of dual-
boot issues, data compatibility, and networking. It also handles topics such as
implementing Samba file/print services for Windows workstations and providing
cross-platform database access. Running Linux and Windows in the same
environment? Here's the comprehensive, up-to-the-minute solutions guide you've
been searching for!
In Integrating Linux and Windows, top consultant Mike McCune brings together
hundreds of solutions for the problems that Linux/Windows system administrators
encounter most often. McCune focuses on the critical interoperability issues real
businesses face: networking, program/data compatibility, dual-boot systems, and
more. You'll discover exactly how to:
Use Samba and Linux to deliver high-performance, low-cost file and print
services to Windows workstations
Compare and implement the best Linux/Windows connectivity techniques: NFS,
FTP, remote commands, secure shell, telnet, and more
Provide reliable data exchange between Microsoft Office and StarOffice for Linux
Provide high-performance cross-platform database access via ODBC
Make the most of platform-independent, browser-based applications
Manage Linux and Windows on the same workstation: boot managers,
partitioning, compressed drives, file systems, and more.
For anyone running both Linux and Windows, McCune delivers honest and
objective explanations of all your integration options, plus realistic, proven
solutions you won't find anywhere else. Integrating Linux and Windows will help
you keep your users happy, your costs under control, and your sanity intact!
Integrating Linux and Windows
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Integrating Linux and Windows
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
McCune, Mike.
Integrating Linux and Windows / Mike McCune.
p. cm. — (Open technology series)
Includes index.
ISBN 0-13-030670-3 (alk. paper)
1. Linux 2. Microsoft Windows (Computer file) 3. Operating systems (computers) I. Title.
II. Series.
QA76.76.O63 M387 2000
005.4'469—dc21
Editorial/Production Supervision:
Wil Mara
Acquisitions Editor:
Miles Williams
Editorial Assistant:
Richard Winkler
Marketing Manager:
Kate Hargett
Manufacturing Manager:
Alexis R. Heydt
Cover Design Director:
Jerry Votta
Cover Designer:
Talar Agasyan
Art Director:
Gail Cocker-Bogusz
Illustrations:
Wil Mara
© 2001 Prentice Hall PTR
Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, in any form or by any
means, without permission in writing from the author and publisher.
Integrating Linux and Windows
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The publisher offers discounts on this book when ordered in bulk quantities. For more
information, contact: Corporate Sales Department, Prentice Hall PTR, One Lake Street,
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. Phone: 800-382-3419; FAX: 201-236-7141; E-mail:
corpsales@prenhall.com
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names appearing in this book may be registered or unregistered trademarks or service
marks, whether or not identified as such. All such names and all registered and
unregistered trademarks, service marks, and logos appearing in this book or on its cover
are used for identification purposes only and are the property of their respective owners.
Printed in the United States of America
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Prentice-Hall International (UK) Limited, London
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Prentice-Hall Hispanoamericana, S.A., Mexico
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Pearson Education Asia Pte. Ltd.
Editora Prentice-Hall do Brasil, Ltda., Rio de Janeiro
Integrating Linux and Windows
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
3
Introduction
8
Chapter 1. Having Linux and Windows on the Same PC
10
1.1 Partitions
10
1.2 Filesystems
10
1.3 Partition Naming
13
1.4 Linux and Windows 95/98
14
1.5 Setting up Linux and Windows 3x/9x on Separate Partitions
18
1.6 Partitioning an Existing Hard Drive
19
Chapter 2. Accessing ext2 Partitions with Windows
29
2.1 Accessing ext2 Partitions with DOS and Windows 3.1
29
2.2 ltools
29
2.3 Accessing ext2 Partitions with Windows 9x
31
2.4 Accessing ext2 Partitions with Windows NT and 2000
33
Chapter 3. Mounting Windows Partitions with Linux
34
3.1 Accessing Compressed DOS/Windows Drives with Linux
34
3.2 Adding a Partition to the fstab
35
Chapter 4. Emulators
37
4.1 DOS
37
4.2 Windows
37
4.3 VMware
38
4.4 FreeMWare
43
4.5 Win4Lin
43
4.6 Conclusion
43
Chapter 5. Internet Applications
45
5.1 Web Server Compatibility
45
5.2 FrontPage Extensions
46
5.3 Using Microsoft Office Files on the Web
47
5.4 Web Browsers
47
5.5 Email
49
5.6 Streaming Media
51
5.7 Chat
55
5.8 Instant Messaging
56
5.9 Internet Security
56
Chapter 6. Business Applications
61
6.1 Microsoft Office
61
6.2 Corel WordPerfect Office
61
6.3 Other Commercial Productivity Suites
63
6.4 Open Source Office Suites
64
6.5 Web-Based Suites
64
6.6 Reading and Writing Microsoft Office Files
66
6.7 Exporting MS Office Files
66
6.8 Importing and Exporting MS Office Files with Linux
68
6.9 Using MS Office Documents with Star Office
69
6.10 Checkpoints When Importing and Exporting
71
6.11 Financial Programs
72
6.12 Graphics Programs
73
6.13 The Last Word
76
6.14 Conclusions
76
Integrating Linux and Windows
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Chapter 7. Databases
77
Using Databases
77
Choosing a Database
78
Connecting Databases
78
ODBC
79
Chapter 8. Fun and Games
80
8.1 Games
80
8.2 Game Servers and Extras
83
8.3 Classic Games
83
Chapter 9. The Linux Desktop
84
9.1 Switching Desktops
84
9.2 Configuring Desktops
85
9.3 Themes
87
9.4 Conclusion
90
Chapter 10. Running Applications through a Network
91
10.1 X-Windows
91
10.2 Citrix WinFrame
92
10.3 VNC
94
10.4 Conclusion
109
Chapter 11. Introduction to Windows and Linux Networking
110
11.1 Net BIOS
110
11.2 TCP/IP and Active Directory
110
11.3 Net BIOS over ICP/IP
112
Chapter 12. Introduction to Samba
113
12.1 How Samba Started
113
12.2 How Samba Works
113
Chapter 13. Setting Up Samba as a Windows NT Server
115
13.1 Setting up Samba as a Stand-Alone Windows NT File Server
115
13.2 Adding a Samba Server to an Existing Network
124
13.3 Samba as a Primary Domain Controller
125
Chapter 14. Connecting Linux to Windows PCs
127
14.1 smbclient Command-Line Options
128
14.2 smbclient Commands
131
14.3 smbtar
137
14.4 smbprint
138
14.5 smbfs
138
14.6 Sharity
139
14.7 Conclusion
140
Chapter 15. Printing with Samba
141
15.1 printtool
141
15.2 Testing the Printer
145
15.3 Setting up Samba for Printing
146
15.4 Automatic Print Driver Installation
147
Chapter 16. Using NFS and NIS in Linux and Windows
151
16.1 Setting up Linux as an NFS Server
151
16.2 Using an NFS Client on Linux
154
16.3 Using NFS on Windows
156
16.4 Setting up an NIS Server on Linux
158
16.5 Setting up an NIS Client on Linux
161
16.6 NIS Support for Windows
163
Integrating Linux and Windows
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Chapter 17. Implementing FTP, Telnet and Other UNIX Protocols in
Windows
166
17.1 Setting Up the FTP Server for Windows
167
17.2 Setting up FTP for Linux
168
17.3 telnet and Remote Services for Linux
168
17.4 Secure Shell (SSH)
169
Appendix A. Disk Error Codes
178
Appendix B. Samba Documentation
180
The GNU License
180
The Samba FAQ
184
Just what is SMB?
205
Appendix C. Samba Man Pages
215
Lmhosts (5)
215
nmbd
216
Samba (7)
219
smb.conf (5)
221
smbclient (1)
293
Installation
303
Diagnostics
304
Version
304
Author
304
smbd (8)
304
smbpasswd (5)
310
smbpasswd (8)
313
Appendix D. TCP/IP Documentation
318
TCP/IP Network Resources List
318
Private IP Network Addresses
348
Integrating Linux and Windows
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Introduction
In early 1998, I was looking at re-installing Windows 95 for the third time. Granted, I
stress computers more than the average user, but this was getting old. I had been
playing around with Linux since early 1995 and it looked like a good time to use it as my
primary desktop.
I already knew how to install and configure Linux, but I had never used it as a desktop. I
found plenty of books on Linux configuration, a few on using it as a server, but nothing on
using it as a desktop. Instead I had to scour the Internet for useful information. What I
have tried to do for this book is compile what I have learned over the past two years.
Hopefully, this will save you the time and frustration of finding it yourselves.
So, how does Linux compare to Windows? As with anything else, each one has its own
strengths and weaknesses.
Windows is king of the desktop for good reason. It has a polished interface and more
end-user applications than any other operating system. It is also pre-installed on most
new PCs, making it an easy, safe choice for most PCs. These factors combine to give
Windows about 90% of the desktop market.
Linux is based on UNIX and inherits its security and stability from it. Linux is the most
popular choice for public Web servers and it also holds about 25% of the small server
market. It is also free (or nearly so) and comes packed with lots of useful tools for
programming and server management.
These distinctions aren't permanent, however. Several groups are working on polishing
Linux's interface. There is also a rush to develop more end-user applications for Linux.
Large PC makers such as Dell, Compaq, and IBM are starting to offer Linux pre-installed
on PCs.
While the market for Linux is comparatively small, Linux grew from less than 1% of the
desktop market in 1998 to about 4% in 1999. This is amazing considering the Apple
Macintosh, which has been around for 15 years, is holding at 5% of the desktop market.
Windows is also working to gain a foothold in the traditional strengths of the UNIX (and
Linux) market: security, stability, and scalability. Microsoft put billions of dollars into the
recently released Windows 2000 to address these issues. While the jury is still out on
whether it succeeded, early reports say that Windows 2000 is much improved over
earlier versions of Windows in these areas.
There are also many other reasons for choosing an operating system. They can often
draw fanatical devotion (just ask a dedicated MacIntosh user). Despite (or maybe
because of) its success, Microsoft has some very dedicated enemies. Just search the
Internet for "Satan" or "Antichrist" and you will be surprised how many anti-Microsoft sites
you hit. The Microsoft Antitrust case was also pushed forward by some dedicated foes.
Some users try Linux as an alternative to Windows. It may not be the best way to choose
an operating system, but never discount the power of fanatical devotion.
Such devotion is not necessary. Linux and Windows can peacefully coexist on the same
computer. It is even possible to run Linux and Windows at the same time! The whole first
section of this book is devoted to making coexistence as easy as possible.
The middle section is dedicated to finding useful applications for your Linux systems.
Sometimes the same application is available for both Linux and Windows; in other cases,
Integrating Linux and Windows
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equivalent applications are available; and in a few cases, the applications are only
available for Windows. The good news is that most people can do everything they need
to do with either Linux or Windows.
The last section deals with networking. This is a rather advanced topic, but networking is
moving from the Fortune 500 into homes and small businesses at a rapid rate.
Networking is getting inexpensive enough to offer the same advantages that large
businesses have long enjoyed: sharing files, printers, and Internet connections. The
increasing use of high-speed Internet connections in the home will continue to drive up
demand for home networking.
Fortunately, both Linux and Windows have programs that allow easy connection to each
other. Samba allows Linux to act as a Windows file server. Additionally, the NFS and
LPD programs allow Windows to use Linux's native protocols.
So which is better, Linux or Windows? That is like asking whether a car or truck is better.
They are built for different purposes. Windows plays the traditional role of the car; it is
more polished and aimed at the mass market. Linux plays the traditional role of a truck; it
is durable and intended to be used as a work vehicle. But like cars and trucks, the roles
are starting to overlap. Linux is becoming more polished and easier to use and Windows
is concentrating more on security and stability. Windows is still the choice for most users'
desktops, but it is no longer the only choice. As you will see in this book, Linux is a solid
choice for a server and a viable alternative in the desktop market.
[...]... | -v | -? ] [-s/dev/hd ] [-fFMODE] [-uUID] [-gGID] Linux_ File_old_name Linux_ File_new_name— Renames a Linux file, directory, or symbolic link The switches are the same as lchange • lmkdir [-h | -v | -? ] [-s/dev/hd ] [-fFMODE] [-uUID] [-gGID] new _Linux_ directory— Makes a Linux directory The switches are the same as lchange • lln [-h | -v | -? ] [-s/dev/hd ] [-fFMODE] [-uUID] [-gGID] LinuxLinkTarget Linux- LinkSource—... Linux partition This will be used if no directory is given otherwise For example, to set the default directory to /root, the command would be lcd /root/ • ldel [-h | -v | -? ] [-s/dev/hd ] Linux_ File— Deletes a file, directory, or link using the following switches: o o -v— Version o • -h -? — Help -s— The Linux partition lchange [-h | -v | -? ] [-s/dev/hd ] [-fFMODE] [-uUID] [-gGID] Linux_ File— o -h -? —... the second drive K:The CD-ROM drive These drive letters can't be changed in Windows 3x and 9x, but they can easily be changed in Windows NT and 2000 Figure 1.1 Disk Administration for Windows 2000 13 Integrating Linux and Windows For Windows NT, go to Start -> Programs -> Administrative Tools -> Disk Administrator For Windows 2000, go to Start -> Programs -> Administrative Tools -> Configure Your Server... explanation of how to do this): /sbin/umssync -r99 -c -i+ The -c option will only update existing linux- . - files and not create new files Directories without the linux- . - file in them are ignored by Linux 1.4.7 Working with DOS and UMSDOS Files created by DOS are invisible to Linux unless umssync is used If you try to create a file in Linux with the same name as a DOS file,... etc o -part— Lists all partitions on the drive o • -h -? — The help screen Linux_ Directory— The directory on the ext2 filesystem The default is / lread [-h | -v | -? ] [-s/dev/hd ] Linux_ File [DOS_File]— Lists or copies a file Works like type or copy in DOS The switches are used to denote: o -h -? — The help screen o -v— The version information o -s— The Linux drive name, e.g., /dev/hda1, etc 29 Integrating. . .Integrating Linux and Windows Chapter 1 Having Linux and Windows on the Same PC Section 1.1 Section 1.2 Section 1.3 Section 1.4 Section 1.5 Section 1.6 Partitions Filesystems Partition Naming Linux and Windows 95/98 Setting up Linux and Windows 3x/9x on Separate Partitions Partitioning an Existing Hard Drive 1.1 Partitions There is no need to get rid of Windows to run Linux In fact,... ltools use the Linux- style forward slashes (/) for directories and DOS-style wildcards For example, all the files in the /root directory would be /root/*.* ltools comes with the following programs: • ldir [-h | -v | -? | -part] [-s/dev/hd ] [Linux_ Directory]— Performs like the dir command in DOS or ls in Linux The switches have the following meanings: o o -v— The version information o -s— The Linux drive... attributes Linux also has user, group, and executable attributes These are stored in the linux- . - file The linux- . - file is maintained with the umssync utility This utility will create the linux- . - file if it doesn't exist If the file does exist, umssync will update Linux attributes stored in the file It is a good idea to run this utility often to keep the information up-to-date The following line can... for the section 28 Integrating Linux and Windows Chapter 2 Accessing ext2 Partitions with Windows Section 2.1 Section 2.2 Section 2.3 Section 2.4 Accessing ext2 Partitions with DOS and Windows 3.1 ltools Accessing ext2 Partitions with Windows 9x Accessing ext2 Partitions with Windows NT and 2000 2.1 Accessing ext2 Partitions with DOS and Windows 3.1 Two tools are used to access ext2 (Linux native) filesystems... DOS /Windows drives: thsfs and DMSDOS thsfs allows read-only support for Double Space and Drive Space (Microsoft's disk compression programs) thsfs is available at ftp://ftp.ai-lab.fhfurtwan-gen.de/pub/ os /linux/ local/thsfs.tgz 34 Integrating Linux and Windows The other program, DMSDOS, uses the loopback device to allow read and write access to compressed drives It supports Double Space Drive Space, and . London
Prentice- Hall of Australia Pty. Limited, Sydney
Prentice- Hall Canada Inc., Toronto
Prentice- Hall Hispanoamericana, S.A., Mexico
Prentice- Hall of. Windows
2
Integrating Linux and Windows
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
McCune, Mike.
Integrating Linux and Windows / Mike
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