Tài liệu về học lập trình web bằng ngôn ngữ PHP cho tất cả mọi người.
PHP 5 Power Programming Gutmans_Frontmatter Page i Thursday, September 23, 2004 9:05 AM B RUCE P ERENS ’ O PEN S OURCE S ERIES http://www.phptr.com/perens ◆ Java Application Development on Linux Carl Albing and Michael Schwarz ◆ C++ GUI Programming with Qt 3 Jasmin Blanchette, Mark Summerfield ◆ Managing Linux Systems with Webmin: System Administration and Module Development Jamie Cameron ◆ Understanding the Linux Virtual Memory Manager Mel Gorman ◆ Implementing CIFS: The Common Internet File System Christopher Hertel ◆ Embedded Software Development with eCos Anthony Massa ◆ Rapid Application Development with Mozilla Nigel McFarlane ◆ The Linux Development Platform: Configuring, Using, and Maintaining a Complete Programming Environment Rafeeq Ur Rehman, Christopher Paul ◆ Intrusion Detection with SNORT: Advanced IDS Techniques Using SNORT, Apache, MySQL, PHP, and ACID Rafeeq Ur Rehman ◆ The Official Samba-3 HOWTO and Reference Guide John H. Terpstra, Jelmer R. Vernooij, Editors ◆ Samba-3 by Example: Practical Exercises to Successful Deployment John H. Terpstra perens_series_7x9.25.fm Page 1 Wednesday, September 15, 2004 10:54 AM Gutmans_Frontmatter Page ii Thursday, September 23, 2004 9:05 AM PRENTICE HALL Professional Technical Reference Indianapolis, IN 46240 www.phptr.com PHP 5 Power Programming Andi Gutmans, Stig Sæther Bakken, and Derick Rethans Gutmans_Frontmatter Page iii Thursday, September 23, 2004 9:05 AM The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book, but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for inciden- tal or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the use of the information or programs con- tained herein. Publisher: John Wait Editor in Chief: Don O’Hagan Acquisitions Editor: Mark L. Taub Editorial Assistant: Noreen Regina Development Editor: Janet Valade Marketing Manager: Robin O'Brien Cover Designer: Nina Scuderi Managing Editor: Gina Kanouse Senior Project Editor: Kristy Hart Copy Editor: Specialized Composition Indexer: Lisa Stumpf Senior Compositor: Gloria Schurick Manufacturing Buyer: Dan Uhrig The publisher offers excellent discounts on this book when ordered in quantity for bulk purchases or special sales, which may include electronic versions and/or custom covers and content particular to your business, training goals, marketing focus, and branding interests. For more information, please contact: U. S. Corporate and Government Sales (800) 382-3419 c orpsales@pearsontechgroup.com For sales outside the U. S., please contact: International Sales i nternational@pearsoned.com Visit us on the Web: www.phptr.com Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: 2004107331 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. This material may be distrubuted only subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Open Publication License, v1.0 or later (the latest version is presently available at http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/). Pearson Education, Inc. One Lake Street Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Every effort was made to contact and credit all copyright holders. Use of material without proper credit is unintentional. ISBN 0-131-47149-X Text printed in the United States on recycled paper at Phoenix in Hagerstown, Maryland. First printing, [October 2004] Gutmans_Frontmatter Page iv Thursday, September 23, 2004 2:14 PM To Ifat, my wife and best friend, who has patiently put up with my involement in PHP from the very beginning, and has encouraged and supported me every step of the way. Andi Gutmans To Marianne, for patience and encouragement. Stig Sæther Bakken To my parents, who care for me even when I’m not around; and to 42, the answer to life, the universe of everything. Derick Rethans Gutmans_Frontmatter Page v Thursday, September 23, 2004 9:05 AM Gutmans_Frontmatter Page vi Thursday, September 23, 2004 9:05 AM vii Contents Foreword by Zeev Suraski Preface: Introduction and Background Chapter 1: What Is New in PHP 5? Chapter 2: PHP 5 Basic Language Chapter 3: PHP 5 OO Language Chapter 4: PHP 5 Advanced OOP and Design Patterns Chapter 5: How to Write a Web Application with PHP Chapter 6: Databases with PHP 5 Chapter 7: Error Handling Chapter 8: XML with PHP 5 Chapter 9: Mainstream Extensions Chapter 10: Using PEAR Chapter 11: Important PEAR Packages Chapter 12: Building PEAR Components Chapter 13: Making the Move Chapter 14: Performance Chapter 15: An Introduction to Writing PHP Extensions Chapter 16: PHP Shell Scripting A. PEAR and PECL Package Index B. phpDocumentor Format Reference C. Zend Studio Quick Start Index Gutmans_Frontmatter Page vii Thursday, September 23, 2004 9:05 AM Gutmans_Frontmatter Page viii Thursday, September 23, 2004 9:05 AM ix Contents Foreword xxi Preface xxii 1 What Is New in PHP 5? 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Language Features 1 1.2.1 New Object-Oriented Model 1 1.2.2 New Object-Oriented Features 3 1.2.3 Other New Language Features 7 1.3 General PHP Changes 8 1.3.1 XML and Web Services 8 1.4 Other New Features in PHP 5 11 1.4.1 New Memory Manager 11 1.4.2 Dropped Support for Windows 95 11 1.5 Summary 11 2 PHP 5 Basic Language 13 2.1 Introduction 13 2.2 HTML Embedding 14 2.3 Comments 14 2.4 Variables 15 2.4.1 Indirect References to Variables 16 2.4.2 Managing Variables 16 2.4.3 Superglobals 18 2.5 Basic Data Types 18 2.5.1 Integers 19 2.5.2 Floating-Point Numbers 19 2.5.3 Strings 19 2.5.4 Booleans 22 2.5.5 Null 23 Gutmans_TOC Page ix Thursday, September 23, 2004 9:06 AM x Contents 2.5.6 Resources 23 2.5.7 Arrays 23 2.5.8 Constants 30 2.6 Operators 31 2.6.1 Binary Operators 32 2.6.2 Assignment Operators 32 2.6.3 Comparison Operators 33 2.6.4 Logical Operators 34 2.6.5 Bitwise Operators 35 2.6.6 Unary Operators 36 2.6.7 Negation Operators 36 2.6.8 Increment/Decrement Operators 37 2.6.9 The Cast Operators 38 2.6.10 The Silence Operator 39 2.6.11 The One and Only Ternary Operator 39 2.7 Control Structures 39 2.7.1 Conditional Control Structures 39 2.7.2 Loop Control Structures 42 2.7.3 Code Inclusion Control Structures 45 2.8 Functions 48 2.8.1 User-Defined Functions 49 2.8.2 Function Scope 49 2.8.3 Returning Values By Value 50 2.8.4 Returning Values By Reference 51 2.8.5 Declaring Function Parameters 52 2.8.6 Static Variables 53 2.9 Summary 54 3 PHP 5 OO Language 55 3.1 Introduction 55 3.2 Objects 55 3.3 Declaring a Class 57 3.4 The new Keyword and Constructors 57 3.5 Destructors 58 3.6 Accessing Methods and Properties Using the $this Variable 59 3.6.1 public , protected , and private Properties 60 3.6.2 public , protected , and private Methods 61 3.6.3 Static Properties 62 3.6.4 Static Methods 64 3.7 Class Constants 65 3.8 Cloning Objects 66 3.9 Polymorphism 67 3.10 parent :: and self :: 70 3.11 instanceof Operator 71 Gutmans_TOC Page x Thursday, September 23, 2004 9:06 AM [...]... group to join and contribute to the PHP project At the time of PHP 3’s release3 in June 1998, the estimated PHP installed base consisted of about 50,000 domains PHP 3 sparked the beginning of PHP s real breakthrough, and was the first version to have an installed base of more than one million domains PHP 4 In late 1998, Zeev and Andi looked back at their work in PHP 3 and felt they could have written... significant milestones in PHP s support for additional technologies 5 6 http://www .php. net/release_4_1_0 .php http://zend.com/engine2/ZendEngine-2.0.pdf Gutmans_PrefaceFore Page xxv Thursday, September 23, 2004 9:06 AM Audience xxv AUDIENCE This book is an introduction to the advanced features new to PHP 5 It is written for PHP programmers who are making the move to PHP 5 Although Chapter 2, PHP 5 Basic Language,”... an introduction to PHP 5 syntax, it is meant as a refresher for PHP programmers and not as a tutorial for new programmers However, web developers with experience programming other high-level languages may indeed find that this tutorial is all they need in order to begin working effectively with PHP 5 CHAPTER OVERVIEW Chapter 1, “What Is New in PHP 5?” discusses the new features in PHP 5 Most of these... Writing PHP Extensions,” explains how to write your own custom PHP extension We use a simple example to explain the most important things like parameter parsing and resource management Chapter 16, PHP Shell Scripting,” shows you how to write shell scripts in PHP, because PHP is useful for more than just web applications We carefully explain the differences between the CLI and CGI executables in which PHP. .. Is New in PHP 5? “The best way to be ready for the future is to invent it.”— John Sculley 1.1 INTRODUCTION Only time will tell if the PHP 5 release will be as successful as its two predecessors (PHP 3 and PHP 4) The new features and changes aim to rid PHP of any weaknesses it may have had and make sure that it stays in the lead as the world’s best web-scripting language This book details PHP 5 and... dereferencing objects that are returned from methods In PHP 4, you could not directly dereference objects that were returned from methods You had to first assign the object to a dummy variable and then dereference it PHP 4: $dummy = $obj->method(); $dummy->method2(); PHP 5: $obj->method()->method2(); ☞ Iterators PHP 5 allows both PHP classes and PHP extension classes to implement an Iterator interface... new extensions in PHP 5 Most of the topics mentioned in this chapter are explained in more detail in later chapters Chapter 2, PHP 5 Basic Language,” introduces the PHP syntax to those readers not familiar with PHP All basic language constructs and variable types are explained along with simple examples to give the reader the necessary building blocks to build real scripts Chapter 3, PHP 5 OO Language,”... introduced between PHP 4 and PHP 5 This chapter tells you which things you need to take care of when making your application work on PHP 5, and provides workarounds wherever possible Chapter 14, “Performance,” shows you how to make your scripts perform better The chapter offers tips on standard PHP usage, the use of external utilities (APD and Xdebug) to find problems in your scripts, and PHP accelerators... a full list of new features in Chapter, “What Is New in PHP 5?” PHP 5 is expected to maintain and even increase PHP s leadership in the web development market Not only does it revolutionizes PHP s objectoriented support but it also contains many new features which make it the ultimate web development platform The rewritten XML functionality in PHP 5 puts it on par with other web technologies in some... 9:06 AM In the Beginning xxiii PHP/ FI 2 A rewrite came with PHP/ FI 22 in 1997, but at that time the development was almost solely handled by Rasmus After its release in November of that year, Andi Gutmans and Zeev Suraski bumped into PHP/ FI while looking for a language to develop an e-commerce solution as a university project They discovered that PHP/ FI was not quite as powerful as it seemed, and its