Tài liệu Module 2: Solution Design Processes ppt

Module 2: Solution Design Processes Module 1: Course Overview Module 4: Deriving a Logical Data Design Module 5: Normalizing the Logical Data Design Module 6: Deriving a Physical Data Design Module 7: Implementing Data Integrity Module 2: Solution Design Processes Module 3: Using a Conceptual Design for Data Requirements Module 8: Designing Data Services Module 9: Data Storage Considerations Designing Data Services and Data Models Design Processes Services-Based Design Activity 2.1: Identifying Services Module 2: Solution Design Processes Module 2: Solution Design Processes 25 ! !! ! Overview " Design Processes " Services-Based Design " Review In this module In this module At the end of this module, you will be able to: " Explain design processes as they pertain to business solutions and data- centric solutions. " Explain the concepts and benefits of services-based design. " Identify phases in the project life cycle. This module provides a high-level overview of the MSF Process Model, the MSF Design Process Model, and the MSF Application Model. The courses in the MSF curriculum cover these topics in greater detail. For more information about the MSF curriculum, see http://www.microsoft.com/msf/. Slide Objective To provide an overview of the module topics and objectives. Lead-in In this module, you will learn about the MSF Process Model, the MSF Design Process Model, and the MSF Application Model, as well as Windows DNA. Note 26 Module 2: Solution Design Processes ! !! ! Design Processes " The MSF Process Model " Requirements Gathering " The MSF Design Process Model " Data and the MSF Design Process Model " Benefits of the Design Process In this section In this section In this section, you will learn about design processes and the MSF Process Model. You will see how these processes form an application model for solution design and how the design processes interact with each other. Slide Objective To explain the purpose of this section and what students will learn in this section. Lead-in In this section, you will learn about design processes for business and data-centric solutions. Module 2: Solution Design Processes 27 The MSF Process Model " Course 1608 also covers the Planning Phase, but it focuses on application design Release Release Course 1609 Scope Complete Scope Complete Vision Approved Vision Approved Project Plan Approved Project Plan Approved Microsoft ® advocates the MSF Process Model for Application Development as the recommended project life cycle model for business-solution software development projects. The MSF Process Model is phase-based, meaning that each project is broken into distinct phases so that the team and key stakeholders understand where the project is in the life cycle and what key tasks are being accomplished. The MSF Process Model is milestone driven, meaning that each phase culminates with a deliverable-based milestone that marks the team’s progress. This milestone creates a point of transition, synchronizes the project team and customer, and allows for review and possible corrective action. The phases of the MSF Process Model are as follows: " The Envisioning Phase is the period during which the team and customer define the business requirements and overall goals of the project. The Envisioning Phase culminates in the Vision Approved Milestone, indicating that the team and customer agree on project direction. " The Planning Phase is the period during which the team and customer define what will be built, as well as how and when it will be built. The Planning Phase culminates in the Project Plan Approved Milestone, indicating that the team, customer, and key stakeholders agree on what will be delivered and when. " The Developing Phase is the period during which the team implements the design and builds the application. The Developing Phase culminates in the Scope Complete Milestone, indicating that code for all features is complete and that the product is ready for external testing and stabilization. Slide Objective To describe the four phases and the four major milestones of the MSF Process Model and to explain which phase of the MSF Process Model will be covered in this course. Lead-in This course focuses on the beginning stages of the Envisioning Phase of the MSF Process Model. Delivery Tip Point out that these are standard, major milestones, but that each project will also have its own unique interim milestones. The model is conceptual, so it does not represent ratios of duration. Each phase and major milestone will be examined in more detail in later modules. 28 Module 2: Solution Design Processes " The Stabilizing Phase is the period during which team efforts are directed at addressing all known issues (from code defects to mismanaged expectations). No new development occurs during this phase; rather, the application code is stabilized and optimized. The Stabilizing Phase culminates in the Release Milestone, at which point responsibility for the product shifts to the operations team. This course focuses on the Planning Phase of the MSF Process Model. You will learn how to take the requirements gathered in the Envisioning Phase and turn them into a data design and data services. This course leads into the Project Plan Approved Milestone, which signals that the functional specification of the application is complete to a point that it can begin to be implemented. Module 2: Solution Design Processes 29 Requirements Gathering " When you gather information, you identify: $ Business needs $ Business processes $ Existing systems $ System actors " This process results in: $ Business justification for the project $ Description of the current system $ Description of the application needed Before any business and data solution can be built, both the problem and the desired solution must be understood. This understanding is not always easy to achieve, and complete, reliable information is critical for good decision- making. When gathering information, you need to consider business needs, business processes, existing systems, and the people involved. The process of gathering information and requirements leads to a business justification for the project. It also generates descriptions of what actions and processes (if any) the current system performs and what the future application needs to do to satisfy the requirements. Slide Objective To introduce topics related to the gathering of data. Lead-in Data gathering forms the basis for all future design processes. 30 Module 2: Solution Design Processes The MSF Design Process Model Conceptual Design Scenarios Services and Objects, User Interface, and Logical Database Logical Design Components, User Interface, and Physical Database Physical Design The MSF Design Process Model consists of three design phases—conceptual, logical, and physical—which are described as follows: " Conceptual design The goal in conceptual design is to identify business needs and to understand what users do and what they require. The design team views the problem from the perspectives of the user and the business and defines the problem and solution in terms of scenarios that reflect complete and accurate requirements. Conceptual design does not take into account the approach or the technologies needed to build the solution. Rather, conceptual design is equivalent to rough sketches for building a house. These are easily understood models jointly created by the customer and the architect. " Logical design The goal in logical design is to define the solution’s organization and communication among its different parts. The design team views the solution from the perspective of the project team and defines it as a set of cooperating services. The design team does not, however, define these services in terms of a specific technology. Logical design takes the business problem identified in the scenarios of conceptual design and formulates an abstract model of the solution that includes objects and services, user interface prototypes, and a logical database design. The logical design details a plan and set of specifications for building a solution, much like a detailed blueprint for building a house. " Physical design The goal in physical design is to apply real-world technology constraints, including implementation and performance considerations, to the logical design. The design team views the solution from the perspective of the developers and defines the solution’s services and technologies. At this point, the project team can begin to consider the best way to implement the solution and the appropriate tools to use. Slide Objective To briefly describe the conceptual, logical, and physical design phases of the MSF Design Process Model. Lead-in You need to understand the three distinct stages of design. Delivery Tip Make sure you stress the importance of conceptual design. Also emphasize that conceptual design for data- centric solutions will have to consider data requirements as they relate to the rest of the design. Delivery Tip The boundary between conceptual and logical design can sometimes be vague. Try to help students understand that these two design processes are distinct, and that logical design begins after the conceptual idea is in place. Module 2: Solution Design Processes 31 In physical design, the outputs of logical design are used to produce components, user interface specifications, and physical database design. To use the house metaphor once more, physical design is where the plans of various contractors for the physical elements of the structure—such as wiring, plumbing, heating, and ventilation—are reviewed and selected. The contractors’ plans add detail to the architects’ plans and reflect real-world construction constraints. 32 Module 2: Solution Design Processes Data and the MSF Design Process Model " Conceptual data model $ Data requirements " Logical data model $ Broad data entities $ Relationships " Physical data model $ Map to tables, records, fields The MSF Design Process Model represents the design of a solution as a flow from conceptual design to logical design to physical design. Determining when one design stage ends and the next one begins is sometimes difficult. Part of the challenge in understanding and producing conceptual, logical, and physical designs is knowing what real-world outputs should be produced by each design stage. In conceptual design, the data requirements for a solution are researched, documented, and analyzed. These requirements help determine what actually needs to be stored and processed by the business solution. In logical design, a preliminary set of data entities derived from the data requirements are produced. These entities are documented and mapped out, and the relationships between entities are identified. The logical design helps ensure that the data design for the solution will represent and map to the conceptual requirements. In physical design, the entity models produced in logical design are mapped to tables, fields, and relationships in a database. This database physically represents the logical model. Slide Objective To introduce how the stages of the MSF Design Process Model relate to data-centric solutions. Lead-in The conceptual, logical, and physical design stages of the MSF Design Process Model can be used to design a data-centric solution. Delivery Tip Help students understand that MSF is a framework that encompasses much more than the models briefly discussed in this course. Although this course cannot delve into the details, encourage students to research on their own, or discuss MSF after class. [...]... computer 43 44 Module 2: Solution Design Processes Looking Forward Slide Objective To explain what students will learn next Module 9: Data Storage Considerations Lead-in The upcoming modules will cover how to use a conceptual design to create data requirements Module 1: Course Overview Module 8: Designing Data Services Module 7: Implementing Data Integrity Module 2: Solution Design Processes Designing Data... best to employ best-of-breed technology for each service layer Module 2: Solution Design Processes Review Questions Slide Objective To reinforce module objectives by reviewing key points " Explain solution design processes as they pertain to a business solution and a data-centric solution " Explain the concepts and benefits of services-based design " Identify the phases in a project life cycle Lead-in... Services and Data Models Module 3: Using a Conceptual Design for Data Requirements Module 4: Deriving a Logical Data Design Module 6: Deriving a Physical Data Design Module 5: Normalizing the Logical Data Design " The upcoming modules will cover the following topics: " Using a conceptual design to help obtain data requirements " Logical database design " Physical database design ... business, or data services Module 2: Solution Design Processes ! Review Slide Objective To explain the purpose of this section and what students will learn Lead-in In the next section, you will review what you have learned and prepare for the next modules " Guidelines " Review Questions " Looking Forward In this section In this section 41 42 Module 2: Solution Design Processes Guidelines Slide Objective... project team ensures that the development project is complete and well designed First, the team gathers and analyzes data; they then undertake the conceptual, logical, and physical design of the application; finally, they implement the application based upon those designs 34 Module 2: Solution Design Processes ! Services-Based Design Slide Objective To explain the purpose of this section and what... and not on where it is implemented Module 2: Solution Design Processes 39 Benefits of Services-Based Design Slide Objective To introduce some of the key benefits of servicesbased design Lead-in Some of the key benefits of the services-based design principles of the MSF Application Model are as follows " Added flexibility " Distributed services " Parallelism in the design process " Shared assets, resources,.. .Module 2: Solution Design Processes 33 Benefits of the Design Process Slide Objective To explain some of the key benefits of the design process Lead-in Using this design process has several benefits " Ensures that the business problem is solved " Assists in building a consensus " Brings discipline to the application development process The main benefit of the design process is that... all you will gain is the inevitable right to go back and redo the design Designs are best when they are well thought out (conceptual design) , modular (logical design) , and implementable (physical design) The iterative nature of design necessitates that all members of the design team constantly reevaluate the progress and scope of the design Keep in mind that, although this is a painstaking process,... exists as a collection of cooperative and distributed services that support a business solution The services should always focus value and actions toward the customer, not the provider In this way, each service stays true to its initial design and maps directly to actions desired by the user Module 2: Solution Design Processes 37 Data Services Slide Objective To introduce the responsibilities of a data... data 36 Module 2: Solution Design Processes Logical Network of Cooperating Services Slide Objective To explain how applications can integrate and use services from other applications Lead-in Services can cooperate with services at other layers or in other applications Application 1 Application 2 User Services Business Services Data Services The MSF Application Model does not consider business solutions . Models Design Processes Services-Based Design Activity 2.1: Identifying Services Module 2: Solution Design Processes Module 2: Solution Design Processes 25 . the Logical Data Design Module 6: Deriving a Physical Data Design Module 7: Implementing Data Integrity Module 2: Solution Design Processes Module 3: Using