Tài liệu Programmability and specialized circuits pdf

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Tài liệu Programmability and specialized circuits pdf

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Authors: Moses, H. Weston; Mullin, James C. Title: A Practical Guide to Cardiac Pacing, 6th Edition   !"#$"% 4 Programmability and Specialized Circuits Permanent Pacemaker Programmability !&''%( $"")%*"( &'+,-"(% """%(" *"""(% ""+ ."/-! /"'("' '%+0''"& 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&7+H+ TABLE 4-1 Uses of rate programmability 7+0$"%%%%%&1% "%%"%%%%% "" &"%&&"%% +0'"'% 6+3'" +3%%8&%""%% "%9" :+5"%&'I5#%E8 (("2E'"% 9+ 5'"%"% '+ <+/'%/CJ + " + ." + B%/C "+ //C /C("+ =% 7"!%".%+ 3-(*":E&&+<+, "%7+H(%&% -+E+,%%:E( "1%+ !+<7 %-&%'"(%>?F"% %'"7+:&""%&"'% "'+2(&%'"%(% ""(""" %"%%&%"+ 2&%"'':E( %&"'+ 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"%%%1%"+. %"I5#-(%%"%%' -(%%+"% %&"I5#-(& """""%+0'"'& '"+" "1%"&I5#-+ 2"%&=% (" "&=% :+ TABLE 4-3 Uses of voltage programmability 7+B''8"""' "&"9 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+2-"&=%  +2""""" +I5#"%"""" (&%" [...]... response to clinicians not aware that this feature has been programmed into a device Mode Programmability Single–chamber pacemakers allow programmability into four pacing modes: ventricular demand, ventricular triggered, asynchronous, and rate adaptive Ventricular triggered (VVT) is mainly of historic interest and seldom used, but it has some advantages in that the VVT mode is more immune to EMI The... that indicate what the pacemaker is sensing VOO is often used in various settings and is the mode that occurs when a magnet is placed on the pacemaker Table 5-1 describes these pacing codes P.70 The more complex dual-chamber mode programmability is discussed in subsequent chapters Temporary Pacemaker Programmability Rate Programmability A typical pacing range for an external temporary pacemaker is 30... easily be checked on a daily basis and, if indicated, the underlying rhythm can be determined Underlying rhythm also can be checked by turning down the rate Figure 4-10 Temporary Pacemaker Programmability The three programmable functions of a temporary pacemaker are energy output (in milliamperes, mA), rate (in paced beats per minute, ppm), and sensitivity (either demand or asynchronous mode) (See text... enhances longevity and is cost-effective Circulation 1996;94:II-245-II-247 Frielingsdorf J, Gerber AE, Dur P, et al Importance of an individually programmed atrioventricular delay at rest and on work capacity in patients with dual chamber pacemakers Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1994;17:37 P.72 Gillis AM, Rothschild JM, Hillier K, et al A randomized comparison of a bipolar steroideluting electrode and a bipolar... escape intervals P.68 and pacing rates can be combined, but the escape interval is always greater than the interval between paced beats Figure 4-8 Refractory Period Shortening A: The premature ventricular contraction (PVC) falls within the refractory period of the pacemaker and is not sensed B: By shortening the refractory period, the PVC is sensed, the pacemaker timing cycle is reset, and more time is... combination of a drop in blood pressure and a slow heart rate The drop in blood pressure cannot be altered with the pacemaker, but the slow heart rate can Instead of having simple pacing (usually atrioventricular [AV] sequential pacing), the pacemaker can be programmed to sense a sudden drop in heart rate and, when that occurs, pace quite rapidly for at least a brief period and then gradually decrease the... functions in the demand mode at maximum sensitivity B: The pacemaker is still functioning in the demand mode, but sensitivity has been decreased This setting would be useful if, for example, oversensing of a T wave were occurring C: No sensing occurs Sensitivity Most temporary pacemakers have a single dial to control sensitivity (Fig 4-11; see also Fig 4-10) When the dial is set on demand, the pacemaker... completely to the asynchronous setting, no sensing occurs, and the pacemaker fires at the set rate regardless of the patient's own rhythm The pulse width is not programmable and is kept constant at approximately 1.8 msec, which is as wide as is practically useful Narrower pulse widths are not required because battery longevity is not a consideration, and pulse widths greater than 1.8 msec do not improve... Astrinsky EA, Furman S Pacemaker output programming for maximum safety and maximum longevity Clin Prog Pacing Electrophysiol 1983;1:51 Barold SS, Ong LS, Falkoff MD, et al Inhibition of bipolar demand pacemaker by diaphragmatic myopotentials Circulation 1977;56:679-683 Boriana G, Biffi M, Branzi A, et al Benefits of projected pacemaker longevity and in pacing related costs conferred by automatic threshold tracking... summarizes the uses of refractory period programmability Hysteresis Programmability Hysteresis, in pacing terminology, refers to the response pattern shown in Figure 4-9 In this example, the pacemaker does not begin firing until the patient's rate drops below 60 bpm; it then fires at a rate of 72 bpm It will continue firing until one of the patient's intrinsic beats is sensed and it will not fire again until . !"#$"% 4 Programmability and Specialized Circuits Permanent Pacemaker Programmability !&''%( $"")%*"( &'+,-"(% """%(" *"""(% ""+ ."/-! /"'("' '%+0''"& (&%"(&%"+"1%" "%&"'+2"'&&'' '%(%"+ -((%%%"""1%( %*"'"+3%"" "(%""& %+%"" %"'&'+ 4%1%'"" &"+ 5! %"+2 67%89" !+:; %%-<+.%"'" "$"%%"((%" "%%''&""('& %"+"%%%&-'' %'"" '""+# ""%-'+3"'"% "%(&'("" %%+=-(. 7+2 (""%"+<E&%&"&+< G&'(&("-:E&%&" +<("&%+#&"%&" %"%+&(%&"- &7+H+ TABLE 4-1 Uses of rate programmability 7+0$"%%%%%&1% "%%"%%%%%

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