Self study KNLU

CONTENTS PREFACE UNIT FAMILY UNIT THERE’S NO PLACE LIKE HOME 17 UNIT MEALS AND COOKING/FIRST TERM FINAL 26 UNIT STUDENT’S LIFE AND STUDIES .37 UNIT JOBS CRIME AND PUNISHMENT 46 UNIT SEASONS AND WEATHER MY PERFECT WEEKEND 57 UNIT PLACES AT YOUR SERVICE 66 LITERATURE USED 78 PREFACE The suggested manual is directed at providing supplementary exercises and individual practice for the first-year students in the course of Practical English Its aim is to help and develop first-year students’ essential integrated skills in listening, reading, writing and using English vocabulary and grammar The activities in this manual bring into focus the students’ individual practice of the studied in the classroom material and encourage them to fulfil individual tasks creatively It contains units (each related to Robocha Programma by a theme and topic ) Each Unit consists of parts: Listening, Reading, Use of English and Writing Part Listening includes listening passages for gist (i.e getting a general idea of a topic without understanding every word), listening passages for specific information (i.e listening for specific pieces of information), listening passages for opinions (i.e identifying different speakers’ opinions) Part Reading is aimed at skimming (i.e getting a general understanding of a text, reading through it quickly, focusing only on the main ideas), scanning (i.e getting information you want in a text, reading the questions first, identifying the key words, and look for phrases in the text that express the same ideas) Part Use of English is devoted to developing students’ grammar competence through structurally graded material It contains the following exercises: open cloze, multiple choice close, word formation, error correction and tense revision exercises Part Writing is aimed at producing one piece of writing of 120 – 180 words which is either an informal letter, a story, a report, an article, an essay or a review Each part includes carefully graded exercises in terms of Year key topics, vocabulary and grammar syllabus All exercises are focused on student’s step-bystep progress We hope that the suggested material will help the learners overcome difficulties in acquiring vocabulary items and grammar structures as well as improve their listening comprehension, reading and writing skills and will make their communication in English easy and fluent UNIT FAMILY PART I LISTENING Task You will hear an interview with a woman who's written a book about facereading, the skill of judging a person’s character from the shape of their face For questions 1-10, complete the sentences FACE READING The skill of face-reading is believed to have come from originally The title of Lillian’s book is Lillian explains that the face contains approximately _ muscles Lillian says that when people look in a , they usually manage to look their best Lillian says that people often feel _ when they see themselves on video Experts say that the left side of the face is regarded as more by most people Lillian says that successful _ are often people with wide cheekbones Lillian says that the shape of a person’s and may show how determined they are Lillian advises women against using too much at interviews Lillian suggests 10 _ and _ when listening to people at interviews Task You will hear the five women talking about what it was like to grow up with a twin sister For questions 1-5, choose from the list A-F the statement which best matches what each person says Use the letters only once There is one extra letter which you not need to use A B C D E F The way people regarded us used to annoy me I always felt I was being compared to my sister I had frequent disagreements with my sister My sister and I had very similar tastes I was glad not to spend too much time with my sister My sister used to let me down occasionally Speaker Speaker Speaker Speaker Speaker Listen again Complete the phrases in the recording that express the key words in each statement A-F A the way people regarded us: but people just us together people still got us , which used to me a lot С frequent disagreements: we used to _ at least once a day We even had , too D similar tastes: Emily and I were very much in _ with each other We'd have the same , about most things because we were a E glad not to spend too much time: we tried to keep _ each other's F let me down occasionally: she didn’t always my _ PART II READING Task 1 You are going to read a newspaper article about children who don’t have any brothers and sisters Choose from the list A-H the sentence which best summarises each part (1-6) of the article There is one extra sentence which you not need to use There is an example at the beginning (0) A A rise in the number of one-child families may have a negative effect on the way people behave B Children with no brothers or sisters have to learn from an early age how to enjoy their own company C In some places, there is official concern over falling family size D There is no evidence that children without brothers and sisters grow up differently to other children E The benefits of growing up with brothers and sisters may not always be obvious to a child F It is too early to link the growing number of one-child families to people's changing values G Smaller families are a logical result of the lives people now lead in some places H The idea of the one-child family may seem an attractive fantasy to some people THE ONE AND ONLY With birth rates falling across the West, Rebecca Abrams wonders how families and society will be affected by the rise of the one-child family H _ To those of us brought up with brothers and sisters, the prospect of the onechild family sounds wonderful Imagine it — never having to wait for people to listen when you have something to say, always having new toys and clothes, never doubting that your parents love you best, and always feeling confident that your toys will be where you left them Wouldn’t that have been great? Parents may concentrate on the positive reasons for giving their first-born child a brother or sister, but for the child the reality is usually a mixture of good and bad Brothers and sisters may teach you about sharing, but they can teach you less useful lessons too — that love isn't always shared out equally and that some people always get blamed more than others Although in most parts of the world, people still believe that the ideal family size is two children or more Across Europe, the United States and parts of South America birth rates are falling More and more couples have just one child or none at all, and governments in some countries are actively trying to encourage larger families; some are even considering giving couples money to have a baby The rise of the one-child family in western society seems to be part of a much larger picture of changing family life The increase in divorce rates in some cultures means that more children will be brought up as the only child in a family As well as this, the difficulty of balancing a job and a family life means that an increasing number of women are choosing to have only one child, or leaving it too late to have any more Child psychologist Dr Richard Woolfson insists that there are no benefits in having brothers and sisters in terms of an individual’s personal development “Compared to the general population, the only child does well educationally and is no more self-centred than other children And today's parents are very good at compensating for any possible problems Many of the children from one-child families have incredibly active social lives, for example.” But, apart from economic factors such as a reduced workforce, does the trend towards one-child families pose a threat to society? Analyst Karen Stobart believes that there might be problems “Sharing is life, and with brothers and sisters you learn that you can fight and survive it We may become a community of people who don't know much about turn-taking and cooperating, and respond to problems either by fighting or walking away.” 30 years ago, the one-child family was unusual; now they’re fast becoming normal and the implications of this trend are still uncertain It may suggest that children and family life are not so important as they once were, or it may mean exactly the opposite — that this is the best way that couples can find to be both good parents and effective working adults Only time, and the children, will tell Write down the list of useful words and phrases Make up your own sentences with them Task You are going to read an extract from a book in which a famous writer recalls the time he left home For Questions 1-8, choose the answer (А, В, С or D) which you think fits best according to the text The stooping figure of my mother, waist-deep in the grass and caught there like a piece of sheep's wool, was the last I saw of my country home as I left it to discover the world She stood old and bent at the top of the bank, silently watching me go, one hand raised in farewell and blessing, not questioning why I went At the bend of the road I looked back again and saw her; then I turned the corner and walked out of the village I had closed that part of my life for ever It was a bright Sunday morning in early June, the right time to be leaving home We had been a close family who always got on well together but my three sisters and a brother had already gone There were two other brothers who had not yet got around to making a decision They were still sleeping that morning, but my mother had got up early and cooked me a heavy breakfast, had stood wordlessly while I ate it, her hand on my chair, and had then helped me pack up my few belongings There had been no fuss; there had been no attempt to persuade me to stay; she just gave me a long and searching look Then, with my bags on my back, I’d gone out into the early sunshine and climbed through the long wet grass to the road It was 1934 I was nineteen years old, still soft at the edges, but with a confident belief in good fortune I carried a small rolled-up tent, a violin in a blanket, a change of clothes, a tin of biscuits, and some cheese I was excited, full of self-confidence, knowing I had far to go; but not, as yet, how far I left home that morning and walked away from the sleeping village It never crossed my mind that others had done this before me And now I was on my journey at last, in a thick pair of boots and a stick in my hand Naturally, I was going to London, which lay a hundred miles to the east; and it seemed equally obvious that I should go on foot But first, as I’d never seen the sea, I thought I’d try to walk to the coast and find it This would add another hundred miles to my journey It would also cost me several extra days of walking Such considerations didn't trouble me, however I felt that I’d get by, whatever happened That first day alone – and now I was really on my own at last – steadily declined in excitement Through the solitary morning and afternoon I found myself longing for hurrying footsteps coming after me and family voices calling me back None came I was free The day’s silence said, “Go where you will It’s all yours You asked for it It’s up to you now.” As I walked I was followed by thoughts of home, by the tinkling sounds of the kitchen, shafts of sun from the windows falling across familiar furniture, across the bedroom and the bed I had left When I judged it to be tea-time I sat on an old stone wall and opened my tin of biscuits As I ate them, I could almost hear mother making tea and my brothers rattling their tea-cups The biscuits tasted sweetly of home – still only a dozen miles away I might have turned back then if it hadn’t been for my brothers, but I knew I could never have put up with the teasing I would have got from them So I went on my way When darkness came, I was too weary to put up the tent So I lay down in the middle of a field and stared up at the brilliant stars Finally, the smells of the night put me to sleep – my first night without a roof or bed I was awoken soon after midnight by drizzling rain on my face I was cold and the sky was black and the stars had all gone Two cows stood over me, moaning in the darkness Those memories have stayed with me ever since But when the sun rose in the morning, the birds were singing I got up, shook myself, ate a piece of pie, and turned again to the south The writer left his home feeling that A he would soon be back to continue his life in the village В life outside the village would be difficult С he could not stand the smallness of the village any longer D this was the end of an important part of his life In the writer’s family A the rest of the children were still living at home В all the other children had left home С the boys had left but the girls had stayed D some of the boys had stayed but the rest of the children had left 10 Before the writer left the house, his mother A had looked at him to be sure that he really wanted to go В had let him make his own preparations to leave С had helped him to prepare for the journey but asked him not to go D had tried to persuade him to take his brothers with him As he walked out of the village, the writer felt A sadness about leaving his mother В excitement about all the opportunities ahead of him С that many generations of young men had done the same thing before D that he should hurry because of the long journey in front of him The writer A was worried that he might not find his way to the sea В did not care if he used time and energy to go to the sea С did not care if he did not get to London after all D wondered if he could walk all the way to London On the first day of his journey, the writer A was followed by his brothers who asked him to come back В stopped for a meal only when he was a long way from home С did not turn back because his brothers would think he had failed D was thoroughly happy that he was finally free What the writer most clearly remembers about his first night alone is A seeing two cows in a field В lying in bed and looking at the stars С having difficulty putting up his tent D waking up feeling wet and miserable The extract shows the writer looks back on his experience and A regrets wasting so much time as a young man В feels a strong sense of love for his mother С feels he should go back and live in the village D is glad he does not live in the village any more Look back at the text Find the words and expressions that mean the same as the following definitions 11 1) had a friendly relationship 2) found the time 3) the thought occurred to me 4) walk 5) manage, whatever the difficulties 6) alone, with no one to turn to for help 7) returned in the same direction 8) accept something unpleasant without complaining………… Complete the following text using the words and expressions from the previous exercise Make any necessary changes Even in families where parents and children (1) …………………… with each other, there can be some arguments when the children become teenagers Parents find it difficult to (2) ………………… the bad moods some teenagers have On the other hand, many parents seldom (3) ……………………….sitting with their teenage children to talk to them about their problems It never (4) …………………… of many teenagers that their parents were once teenagers themselves and they might be able to give them some helpful advice Some parents, of course, worry a lot about their children's future, while the children just assume they will (5) ………………….in whatever they decide to Parents look at their teenage children's relaxed attitude to life and wonder if they will be able to survive (6) …………………….after they have left home PART III USE OF ENGLISH Task For questions - 15, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space Use only one word in each space Explain your choice There is an example at the beginning (0) POLITENESS The British are widely considered (0) to be a very polite nation, and in (1) ……… respects this is true An Italian journalist once commented (2) ………… the British that they need no fewer than four “thank yous” (3) ………… to buy a bus ticket The first, from the bus conductor means, “I am here” The second accompanies the handing (4) …………… of the money The third, again from 12 Task Read the text below Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits the space in the same line There is an example at the beginning (0) Translate the formed words CHASING TORNADOES Tornadoes are the (0) amazing spinning storm which are common AMAZE in the Midwest of the USA Although they can often be (1) ……… FAIR short-lived, lasting only 1-2 hours, tornadoes can spin at up to 400 kph, and can (2) ……… destroy whole areas, even throwing EASY (3) ……… farm animals on the tops of trees People who are TERRIFY (4) ……… enough to live in their path, often feel threatened by FORTUNE tornadoes, and yet, (5) ………., some travel companies in the USA REMARK organize trips for tourist who (6) ……… go in search of them ACTIVE Some enthusiasts travel thousands of kilometers in the hope of seeing a violent but (7) ……… storm! Apart from the great rush of EXCITE adrenaline they get as they (8) ……… anticipate the NERVOUS (9) ……… of the tornado, these people are also motivated by the ARRIVE thought that they may go home with some (10) ………., IMPRESS and possibly valuable, photographs Task For Questions 1-15, read the text below and look carefully at each line Some of the lines are correct, and some have a word, which should not be there If a line is correct, put a plus (+ ) by the number If a line has a word, which should not be there, write the word on the line There are two examples at the beginning (0 and 00) Explain your choice A HOLIDAY IN WINTER 00 Last December, I drove northwards across Europe to visit friends, + in Sweden I must to admit that I really wasn’t very well prepared to for the trip When I got off the car ferry, I immediately felt myself _ very cold I soon realized that I had not brought enough and layers _ of warm clothes with me So, before continuing my journey, I was _ parked the car and went shopping When I came back, however, the _ 64 10 11 12 13 14 15 car wouldn’t start, because the water in my radiator had been frozen _ If I had taken my car to a garage and have had special anti-freeze _ liquid put in before I’d come, then I wouldn’t have had this problem _ Anyway, after a few hours I got it fixed and I drove to the my friend’s _ house just outside Stockholm I was amazed at these how well the _ majority of Sweden seem cope in difficult weather conditions The _ roads are cleared of any kind ice and snow very quickly and people _ is drive vehicles which are designed to perform reliably in bad _ weather I wish that when it snowed in my country, all of any the _ buses ran on time and that the traffic moved as freely as it so does in _ Sweden But then, I guess they’re more used to the snow than we are PART IV WRITING Write a story for an international magazine The story must begin with the following words: It all began when the telephone rang Maria looked at the map and realised she was completely lost She decided to ask for help When Peter read the message from his friend, he knew there was no time to lose He had to something The old house looked abandoned Sarah got off her bike and looked through the window 65 UNIT PLACES AT YOUR SERVICE PART I LISTENING Task 1 Before you listen a) Look at the lists below of three environmental problems and five things which ordinary people can to help reduce these problems Match the solutions (a-e) to the problems (1-3) Each solution can be applied to more than one problem Problems We produce too much rubbish We are using too many natural resources (e.g wood, oil, coal) We are polluting the atmosphere Solutions a Recycle and reuse glass, paper and plastic b Refuse to buy products with a lot of packaging с Go on foot or use bicycles or public transport for short journeys d Use alternative energy sources (e.g solar, wind or water power) e Buy recycled paper products b) Which of the things in list a-e you or your family regularly do? Task 1.1 You will hear a conversation between a journalist and a man who is a founder member of a self-sufficient community in Britain For questions 1-10, fill in the answers Electricity for the community is generated from the wind and _ The community members _ once a day is the only food eaten in but not produced by the community The inspiration for the community came from _ The community grew up around an existing The members of the community heard about it through There are people living in the community The roof of the round house is made of straw, earth, grass and _ The windows face south in order to make the house The materials for the round house cost less than ₤ 10 Task 1.2 66 You will hear five people talking about solutions to the problem of rubbish For questions 1-5, choose from the list A-F which solution each speaker is referring to Use the letters only once There is one extra letter which you not need to use A B C D E F avoiding unnecessary packaging recycling glass recycling paper reusing bottles and jars reusing paper using recycled products Speaker Speaker Speaker Speaker Speaker _1 _2 _3 _4 _5 Task 1.3 You will hear a radio programme discussing some new research into the environmental effects of cycling compared to driving For questions 1-7, write Y (Yes) next to opinions which are expressed by any of the speakers and N (No) next to opinions which are not expressed at all _1 _2 _3 _5 _6 _7 The findings of the research are unexpected In some circumstances, driving is more environment-friendly than cycling The research was biased The findings are inaccurate Breathing problems are made worse by car fumes _4 People shouldn't use cars for short journeys Car sharing is not popular at present Task a) Listen to the recording and choose the best option as you listen (The questions follow the order of the text.) You will hear a radio interview with a woman who won a lot of lottery For questions 1-7, choose the best answer А, В or С 67 What does Mandy say about her winning lottery ticket? A It was the first one she'd ever bought В She had a feeling it was going to win С She was persuaded to buy it by a friend How did Mandy's father react to the news that she'd won? A He was too shocked to speak В He became rather over-excited С He rushed to tell her the news Mandy now feels that she made a mistake when A she allowed her win to be publicised В she trusted the people at the TV station С she told her story to a newspaper reporter How did Mandy feel about the way certain people reacted to her win? A disappointed with close friends В unsure of strangers С annoyed by her family What does Mandy say about her friend Louise? A She refused to accept the gift Mandy bought her В She became rude and unfriendly towards Mandy С She couldn't help resenting Mandy's good fortune How did the begging letters affect Mandy? A She wished she'd never won the lottery at all В She became angry with the people who sent them С She realised that it wasn't right to have so much money What does Mandy feel about the money now? A glad that she's given it all away В content with the lifestyle it's given her С sorry that she didn't use it more wisely 68 PART II READING Task You're going to read an article written by Prince Charles, son of the British Queen, expressing his feelings about architecture in Britain today Before reading, think of a city you have lived in, or know well, which has a number of modern buildings How you feel about them? Make a brief note of your thoughts Now read the article and see if your views about modern architecture are similar to those of Prince Charles For far too long, it seems to me, some planners and architects have consistently ignored the feelings and wishes of the mass of ordinary people Perhaps, when you think about it, it is hardly surprising, as architects tend to have been trained to design buildings from scratch – to tear down and rebuild Consequently, a large number of people in Britain have developed a feeling that architects tend to design houses for the approval of fellow architects and critics, not for the tenants It has been most encouraging to see the development of Community Architecture as a natural reaction to the policy of decamping people to new towns and overspill estates where the extended family patterns of support were destroyed, and the community life was lost Now we are seeing the gradual expansion of housing co-operatives, particularly in the inner city areas of Liverpool, where the tenants are able to work with an architect of their own who listens to their comments and their ideas and tries to design the kind of environment they want This sort of development, spearheaded as it is by such individuals as Rod Hackney and Ted Cullinan – a man after my own heart, as he believes strongly that the architect must produce something that is visually beautiful as well as socially useful – offers something very promising in terms of inner-city renewal and urban housing, not to mention community garden design What I believe is important about Community Architecture is that it has shown ‘ordinary’ people that their views are worth having; that architects and planners not necessarily have the monopoly of knowing best about taste, style and planning On that note, I can’t help thinking how much more worthwhile it would be if a community approach could be used in more new projects in London It would be a tragedy if the character and skyline of this capital city were to be further ruined, and St Paul’s dwarfed, by yet another giant glass stump in Trafalgar 69 Square, better suited to downtown Chicago than the City of London It is hard to believe that before the last war, London must have had one of the most beautiful skylines of any great city, if those who recall it are to be believed Those who’d say that the affinity between buildings and the earth, in spite of the City’s immense size, was so close and organic that the houses looked almost as though they had grown out of the earth, and had not been imposed upon it – grown moreover, in such a way that as few trees as possible were thrust out of the way What, then, are we doing to our capital city now? What have we done to it since the bombing during the Second World War? What are we shortly to to one of its most famous areas – Trafalgar Square? Instead of designing an extension to the elegant facade of the National Gallery, which compliments it and continues the concept of columns and domes, it looks as if we may be presented with a kind of municipal fire station, complete with the sort of tower that contains the siren I would understand better this type of high-tech approach if you demolished the whole of Trafalgar Square and started again with a single architect responsible for the entire layout, but what is proposed is like a monstrous carbuncle on the face of a much-loved and elegant friend Apart from anything else, it defeats me why anyone wanting to display the early Renaissance pictures belonging to the Gallery should so in a new gallery so manifestly at odds with the whole spirit of that age of astonishing proportion Why can't we have those curves and arches that express feeling in design? What is wrong with them? Why has everything got to be vertical, straight, unbending, only at right angles and functional? As Goethe once said, “there is nothing more dreadful than imagination without taste.” Read the following questions and unfinished statements about the passage In each case, choose the answer, А, В, С or D, which you think fits best according to the passage people? Why modern architects frequently ignore the wishes of ordinary A They not care about what ordinary people think or want В They have not been trained properly C They have been taught to design new buildings to replace older ones D They are interested only in impressing fellow-architects 70 How does the writer explain the development of Community Architecture? A People did not like living on camp sites while their new homes were built В As an objection to the disruption of families and communities С People have designed the environment they want D People tried it out in Liverpool and it was seen to be very successful A В С D Community Architecture has shown that ordinary people’s ideas are worth more than those of architects ordinary people should always be consulted by architects architects should not have monopolies architects are not the only ones with good design ideas How was pre-war architecture in London different from modern architecture? A Many people recall it as being beautiful В Environmentally-friendly building materials were used С Trees were planted around houses D Houses blended in with the surroundings A В С D The writer would prefer Trafalgar Square to have new architecture in harmony with existing buildings be left completely untouched by new architecture be re-designed entirely by one architect have more curves and arches than it currently does In general, what are the writer’s views about architects? A They should be controlled by local communities В They should be more sensitive to the environment and to people’s wishes С They should look to the Renaissance for inspiration when they design buildings D They should avoid the use of concrete and glass 71 Task You are going to read a magazine article about shopping on the Internet Seven paragraphs have been removed from the article Choose from the paragraphs A-H the one which fits each gap (1-6) There is one extra paragraph which you not need to use There is an example at the beginning (0) WHY DO SHOPPERS SHY AWAY FROM THE NET? Shopping on the Internet should be easy and stress-free: no queues, no rude assistants Yet, according to a recent study, people are still reluctant to buy from ecommerce sites Dr Peter Lunt, a London university psychologist, spent two years analysing Internet shopping and found that books, CDs and travel tickets are the goods most often purchased online He surveyed almost 900 people, surfing the Net with groups and talking to individuals in their own homes _H According to Lunt, the main explanations given for this reluctance to go eshopping were the costs or computer equipment, fear of going online and concerns about the delivery and possible need to return products Acknowledging this difference, Lunt says “People recognise the convenience of e-commerce in principle, especially for grocery shopping, but it became clear that even the regular supermarket visit is a complex activity where personal and luxury items would be bought on impulse or with a specific occasion, person or meal in mind It's hard to reproduce the pleasure of this experience using an unfriendly list-based computer program.” Lunt believes there are three groups of people who not shop online The first has little knowledge of the Internet, but is potentially interested “They’re a prime target for limited e-services delivered by digital TV,” he adds “The second group tends to be older, less educated and, Lunt believes, may be left behind Members of the third group are relatively wealthy and computer literate, but have other reasons for not shopping on the web _ And even amongst those who shop online, most viewed it as an alternative They are thinking more of the integration of e-commerce services into their current household routine, rather than taking the opportunity to rethink how they organise their home lives,” says Lunt 72 Lunt sees this as a drawback because as he puts it, “PCs are not integrated into the places in the household where decisions about shopping are made.” Perhaps this is why single young men were most positive about e-commerce _ The survey concludes that those who are most positive about e-commerce are focusing on the convenience and the price advantage in particular products and not on the shopping experience itself _ There seems to be some doubt about this More of us may be encouraged to shop online as manufacturers overcome bad web design and learn to safeguard our privacy, but will Internet shopping ever seriously replace the stress and thrill of the real thing? A Indeed, like most shoppers, Lunt’s interviewees found it hard to navigate ecommerce sites, saying goods were not laid out logically Many were also disappointed at how dull the websites were, particularly compared to things like computer games B Indeed, about 58 per cent of online shoppers fall into this category Lunt suggests that this reflects their interest in books and CDs, rather than clothes but even so, men still aren't buying much in total C The more interesting question, however, is what the response from sellers will be They have to find new ways of appealing to customers and offer services that include a mix of online and offline outlets D But underlying these stated reasons, there's also a fundamental difference between conventional shopping and online services: both the pleasure of unplanned purchases and the ability to examine products are missing online And for many, the experience of shopping, especially for clothes, is as important as the products themselves E The location of the computer was another factor in this domestic mindset Many people have theirs either in the sitting room as part of an entertainment set-up, or else in the study for work F The issues for such people are the broader social issues of privacy and the possible effects on the way we live — although surprisingly they are happy to 73 use the Internet for other reasons G “What's more, they’re relatively well-to-do, technologically aware people who get little pleasure from shopping.” Lunt adds “Given that such people are a minority, will the situation change enough to encourage the rest of the population to shop online” H Amongst all these people, only 14 per cent had tried shopping online and a mere per cent were regular users; most of their purchases were confined to those three commonest product types PART III USE OF ENGLISH Task Complete the gaps in the text with a word formed from the word given in the margin All the words you need to write are adjectives The first one has been done as an example Translate the formed words In an effort to escape from their hectic and (0) materialistic MATERIALISM city lives, more and more Northern Europeans are buying houses in rural areas of France, Spain, Italy and Greece Some relocate permanently in search of a more (1) ………… existence Those who cannot afford to give MEANING up their jobs seek a (2) ………… respite from their THERAPY (3) ………… lifestyle by relaxing for a few weeks STRESS each year in their second home in the sun However, many of those who relocate permanently find that life in the country is not as quiet and (4) …………… EVENT as they had anticipated Aspects of village life which seemed delightfully (5) ………… in the context of a two-week ATMOSPHERE holiday can grate on the nerves when you live with them on a daily basis Recently a group of British residents in an Italian village took local farmers to court because they found the smell of the villagers’ pigs (6) ……… In other cases, foreigners have complained DISTASTE to neighbours about the (7) ………… early-morning ENTHUSIASM crowing of their cockerels, or to village priests about the 74 regular tolling of church bells Understandably, the local inhabitants are somewhat (8) …………… of these attitudes They argue that the foreigners have an (9) ………… view of what country life is like and that, since no-one forced them to come and live in a village, they are being (10) …………… by now complaining about the inconveniences of rural life RESENT REALIST HYPOCRITE Task Read the text below and decide which answer, А, В, С, or D best fits each space Explain your choice Going to work is the single most common trip that people make and causes the greatest (1) ……… of overcrowding on the roads In order to reduce the (2) ……… of cars on the roads, the idea of working at home, with all the necessary technology, looks like an attractive alternative (3) ……… of doing a job Work can be done with the help of faxes, phones and e-mail Imagine that in the future, we won't be spending hours in traffic jams on our way to work, causing stress to our minds and (4) ………, but simply go to work in a room in our house Our life could change in other (5) ………, too A trip to the doctor could take several (6) ……… ; a visit: a video phone call or an e-mail Soon, we will be doing our shopping by computer, and going to the bank in the same way There soon will be no need to leave the house for business reasons There is a problem with this (7) ……… to living Spending a high (8) ……… of our time in the house can cause problems People get sick of their own house, and need to leave it simply for a change of scene People like to meet up with their colleagues, because work is more than just work; a significant (9) ……… of our time at work is spent socialising So when you next see the tired (10) ……… of commuters sitting in their cars, remember they are there because they prefer to be with other people! A A A A quantity total manner figures B B B B amount sum style shapes C C C C 75 sum number approach bodies D D D D number amount method forms 10 A A A A A A ways shapes method amount percentage figures B B B B B B forms forms way proportion sum shapes C C C C C C amounts styles approach total number outlines D D D D D D styles ways manner quantity hours bodies Task Read the text below and look carefully at each line Some of the lines are correct, and some have a word which should not be there If a line is correct, put + by the number If a line has a word which should not be there, write the word in the space There are examples at the beginning (0 and 00) Explain your choice A DESIGNER’S TASTE I am a fashion designer by profession, and each year I produce 00 my own collection of new and clothes for young people to wear I like the clothes that I design, but they are quite unlike to the things I would choose to wear like myself Indeed, some people think it's surprising that among the clothes I find most comfortable are not currently fashionable at all I get great pleasure, for example, out of what they are called 'vintage clothes', especially those designed by the great fashion houses of the past I get a great thrill from imagining who it might have worn them in the past and what their history might have be Some of my coats and dresses are quite bit valuable, so they must have been 10 worn by quite famous people, but I don't know this for sure 11 Although that they are really a piece of history, I believe 12 that vintage clothes should be worn, not on the wall 13 or put in a museum People often think of when I buy old clothes 14 that I must be using them such as a source of inspiration for 15 my own work myself, but it’s not true It’s just a hobby really + and PART IV WRITING You have recently seen these notices in your local newspaper Have you seen a comedy show recently? Write a review for our paper and 76 you may win free tickets for all Saturday shows! Say what parts were particularly funny, what you thought of the comedians and whether you would recommend it to other students Do you watch a cartoon which is not just for children? Write us a review of the cartoon for the college magazine Desribe some of the characters and say what makes it funny and if you think older people like it too The best review will be published next month! Can you write us a review of a TV soap opera you enjoy? Tell us about the characters, what makes you keep on watching it and if you would recommend it to everyone The best review wins a collection of DVDs! Write your review 77 LITERATURE USED Bell J., Gower R First Certificate Expert Coursebook / Jan Bell, Roger Gower – L.: Pearson Education Limited, 2006 – 224 p Blundell L., Stokes J Task Listening Teacher’s book / Lesley Blundell, Jackie Stokes – Cambridge University Press, 1991 – 135 p Burgess S., Newbrook J., Wilson J New first certificate Gold (exam maximiser) / Sall Burgess, Jacky Newbrook, Judith Wilson – Longman, 2002 – 159 p Copage J First Certificate Use of English / Judy Copage – L.: Pearson Education Limited, 2004 – 192 p Kenny N., Luque-Mortimer L First Certificate Plus with Key / Nick Kenny, Lucrecia Luque-Mortimer – Longman: Pearson, 2008 – 176 p Mann Ch., Bell J., Gower R First Certificate Expert Student’s Resource Book / Chard Mann, Jan Bell, Roger Gower – L.: Pearson Education Limited, 2006 – 144 p Mann M., Taylore-Knowles S Macmillan Exam Skills for Russia: Speaking and Listening / Malcome Mann, Steve Taylore-Knowles – Macmillan Publishers Limited, 2006 – 167 p Mann R., Newbrook J., Wilson J Proficiency Gold (exam maximiser) / Richard Mann, Jacky Newbrook, Judith Wilson – L.: Pearson Education Limited, 2000 – 142 p Scott-Barrett F First Certificate Listening and Reading / Fiona ScottBarrett – L.: Pearson Education Limited, 2004 – 54 p 10 Scott-Barrett F New Proficiency Use of English / Fiona Scott-Barrett – L.: Pearson Education Limited, 2004 – 256 p 78 ... of people who had higher self- esteem at age ten (1) ……… those of their peers whose academic performance was better at the same age Bright children often have higher self- esteem, as some from... accessories and was able to buy herself a brand new car last year “My father and grandfather were both successful businessmen, so making money seemed natural to me I am studying for A levels, but I... and read them from cover to cover to remind myself of my business aim This was to write ‘popular’ books that would earn me a fortune by working for myself, rather than earning peanuts working for