Từ vựng tiếng anh C1 giúp các bạn ôn thi VSTEP, IELTS đạt kết quả cao. Nâng cao vốn từ vựng của bản thân. Tài liệu này rất bổ ích. Mỗi từ đều có word meaning, word family và ví dụ. Có thể dùng cho cả các trình độ A2, B1, B2 phục vụ các bạn thi.
WORD LIST FOR LEVEL C1 This publication has made use of the English Vocabulary Profile This resource is based on extensive research using the Cambridge Learner Corpus and is part of the English Profile programme, which aims to provide evidence about language use that helps to produce better language teaching materials See http://www.englishprofile.org/ for more information Compiled electronically by Efthimios Mavrogeorgiadis http://www.toe.gr/ Abbreviations ! Culturally Sensitive Word + two objects A verb that has two objects C Countable noun: a noun that has both singular and plural forms C usually no plural or U Countable noun which usually has no plural or uncountable noun I Intransitive verb: a verb that has no object T Transitive verb: a verb that has an object U Uncountable noun: noun with no plural form Cannot be used with 'a', 'an', or 'one' UK British English US American English abbreviation A short form of a word or phrase adjective A word that describes a noun or pronoun adverb A word that describes or gives more information about a verb, adjective or other adverb approving Used in a positive way, to show that you have a good opinion of someone or something auxiliary verb The verbs 'be', 'have' and 'do' when combined with other verbs to make different forms before noun An adjective that always comes before a noun conjunction A word used to join parts of a phrase or sentence determiner Word used before noun or adj to show which person or thing is being referred to disapproving Used in a negative way, to show that you have a bad opinion of someone or something exclamation A word or phrase that you say loudly or suddenly to express strong feelings formal Used in serious writing, or for communicating with people in a serious or polite way informal Used in relaxed situations, for example with friends and family Used more in speech literary Used in books and poems, and not in ordinary conversation modal verb Verb such as can, might, must With another verb, shows an idea such as possibility noun A word that refers to a person, place, idea, event or thing often passive In a passive verb/sentence, the subject does not the action but is affected by it often plural Refers to more than one person or thing phrasal verb Verb with an adverb or preposition, with meaning different from meaning of its parts plural Refers to more than one person or thing preposition Word used before noun, pronoun or -ing form of verb to show place, direction, etc pronoun A word used instead of a noun, which has usually already been talked about specialized Used in connection with a particular area of work or study symbol A sign, shape or object used to represent something else verb A word that describes an action, condition or experience written abbreviation A short form of a word or phrase only used in writing A abandon /əˈbæn.dən/ Word family: Verbs: abandon Adjectives: abandoned VERB [T] STOP DOING to stop doing something before it is finished, or to stop following a plan, idea, etc Dictionary example: The match was abandoned because of rain Learner example: How would you feel if you establish[ed] a long-time plan for your career and then you ha[d] to abandon it? abnormal /æbˈnɔːməl/ Word family: Nouns: norm, normality Adjectives: normal, abnormal Adverbs: normally ADJECTIVE different from what is normal or usual, in a way which is strange or dangerous Dictionary examples: abnormal behaviour/weather They found abnormal levels of lead in the water Learner example: The cost of it for the Chinese population is an abnormal level of pollution, that causes many deaths every year aboard /əˈbɔːd/ ADVERB; PREPOSITION on or onto a plane, ship, bus, or train Dictionary example: Welcome aboard flight BA109 to Paris Learner example: Competition entry "Welcome aboard on the flight to ancient Rome " Please fasten your seatbelts abortion /əˈbɔː.ʃən/ NOUN [C or U] ! a medical operation to end a pregnancy when the baby is still too small to live Dictionary example: She had an abortion Learner example: Some of these problems are serious and should be eliminated, such as abortion and domestic violence absolutely /ˈæb.sə.luːt.li/ Word family: Adjectives: absolute Adverbs: absolutely ADVERB Absolutely! used to strongly agree with someone Dictionary examples: "Do you think it helped his career?" "Absolutely." "It was an excellent film, though." "Absolutely!" Learner example: So have the Swedish grandparents got funkier? Absolutely! absorb /əbˈzɔːb/ VERB [T] REMEMBER to understand and remember facts that you read or hear Dictionary example: It's hard to absorb so much information Learner example: You will have only three school [subjects] and that'[ll] make it easier to absorb the new knowledge abuse /əˈbjuːs/ Word family: Nouns: abuse Adjectives: abusive NOUN WRONG ACTION ! [C or U] an action or activity that is morally wrong or not allowed Dictionary example: The politician's behaviour was an abuse of power Learner example: It is a vast resource of information, but the abuse of it may have detrimental consequences accelerate /əkˈsel.ə.reɪt/ VERB HAPPEN [I or T] to start to happen more quickly, or to make something start to happen more quickly Dictionary example: Inflation is likely to accelerate this year Learner example: Fashion has always been changing but I think this process accelerated after the Second World War ̩/ acceptable /əkˈsep.tə.bl Word family: Nouns: acceptance Verbs: accept Adjectives: acceptable, unacceptable, accepted ADJECTIVE ALLOWED allowed or approved of Dictionary example: Smoking is less and less socially acceptable Learner example: They should teach them what is right [and] wrong, and what is morally and socially acceptable acceptance /əkˈsep.tənts/ Word family: Nouns: acceptance Verbs: accept Adjectives: acceptable, unacceptable, accepted NOUN [C or U] when you accept something Dictionary examples: His acceptance of the award was controversial There is a growing public acceptance of alternative medicine Learner example: The main reason for the "fast-food" groceries winning acceptance in Swedish culture is lack of time accepted /əkˈsep.tɪd/ Word family: Nouns: acceptance Verbs: accept Adjectives: acceptable, unacceptable, accepted ADJECTIVE agreed or approved by most people Dictionary example: an accepted spelling 10 well-balanced /ˌwelˈbæl.ənst/ ADJECTIVE PERSON Well-balanced people are calm and have good judgment Dictionary example: She's very well-balanced considering her past Learner example: Linda has a good temper, is well-balanced and is able to cope with unforeseen or complicated situations well-being /ˌwelˈbiː.ɪŋ/ NOUN [U] when someone is healthy, happy, and comfortable Dictionary example: I found that yoga increased my sense of well-being Learner example: The beautiful countryside which surrounds the fields can generate a feeling of well-being and make exercise more pleasant well-educated /ˌwelˈedʒ.ʊ.keɪ.tɪd/ ADJECTIVE having had a good education Dictionary examples: We have some very well-educated employees in the department Most of our employees are pretty well educated Learner example: Increasing numbers of well-educated young people are compelled to stay at home well-equipped /ˌwel.ɪˈkwɪpt/ ADJECTIVE having plenty of good quality equipment 745 Dictionary example: He has a very well-equipped kitchen Learner example: There is a well-equipped gym which is supervised by experienced staff well-informed /ˌwel.ɪnˈfɔːmd/ ADJECTIVE knowing a lot of useful information Dictionary example: Some visitors to our museum are very well-informed Learner example: In fact, well-informed teenagers are now aware of the necessity to [do] a sport to stay fit well-off /ˌwelˈɒf/ ADJECTIVE having a lot of money Dictionary example: His parents are very well-off Learner example: If you belong to a well-off family then you are considered lucky, but if you are not this, good luck to you well-qualified /ˌwelˈkwɒl.ɪ.faɪd/ ADJECTIVE having suitable experience or formal qualifications Dictionary example: He seems well-qualified for the job Learner example: That is why fore[ig]n employers look for well-qualified Polish specialists 746 whatsoever /ˌwɒt.səʊˈev.ər/ ADVERB (ALSO whatever) no whatsoever none at all Dictionary example: There's no evidence whatsoever that she was involved Learner example: Moreover, the hotel we were finally dumped in was situated miles from Edinburgh city centre and there was no entertainment whatsoever arranged for the evening, even though all the travellers were more or less stuck there when /wen/ CONJUNCTION when it comes to sth/doing sth used to introduce a new idea that you want to say something about Dictionary example: When it comes to baking cakes, she's an expert Learner example: But when it comes to computers, they just impose some knowledge on students, without any interaction widespread /ˈwaɪd.spred/ ADJECTIVE affecting or including a lot of places, people, etc Dictionary examples: a widespread problem widespread support Learner example: It is because of widespread use of deep-freezing and preservatives 747 will /wɪl/ NOUN WHAT SOMEONE WANTS [U] what someone wants to happen Dictionary examples: Against their will, they were forced to hold a meeting The government has failed to impose its will upon regional communities Learner example: But if you go [and] learn a language against your will, then it's better not to go at all win /wɪn/ Word family: Nouns: winner, win Verbs: win NOUN [C] when someone wins a game, competition or election Dictionary examples: It was United's sixth consecutive win this season Everyone was predicting a Republican win at the last election and look what happened Learner example: It was a really interesting, ex[c]iting game which ended with a deserving 'One-Nil' win to Scotland wisdom /ˈwɪz.dəm/ Word family: Nouns: wisdom Adjectives: wise, unwise Adverbs: wisely NOUN [U] conventional wisdom what most people believe Dictionary example: These ideas about childcare go against the conventional wisdom on the subject 748 Learner example: Thus, against conventional wisdom, I think that while a lot of adult problems are caused by money or the lack of it, it is really the ability to deal with money and to see money as a means rather than an end wisely /ˈwaɪz.li/ Word family: Nouns: wisdom Adjectives: wise, unwise Adverbs: wisely ADVERB in a wise way Dictionary example: She wisely advised me to wait Learner example: In my opinion, computer learning offers very interesting opportunities, especially to learn new languages, but such a powerful medium as the computer should be used wisely wit /wɪt/ Word family: Nouns: wit Adjectives: witty NOUN [U] the ability to say things that are funny and clever Dictionary examples: a woman of great intelligence and wit He was known for his dry/sharp wit Learner example: His wit and charm drew many people's attention to the topic and we gained [a] deeper insight in[to] the tourist industry witch /wɪtʃ/ NOUN [C] in stories, a woman who has magical powers that she uses to bad or strange things 749 Dictionary example: It was a story about an old witch Learner example: A famous actress and her friend, a librarian, get the 'elixir of eternal youth' from the mysterious witch (Isabella Rossellini) and then their troubles begin with /wɪð/ PREPOSITION with the aid of sth using something to help you Dictionary example: She can walk with the aid of a stick Learner example: The newest computer can handle data that human brains cannot and therefore all scientific research [is] carried out with the aid of computers with flying colours with a very high score or with great success Dictionary example: He passed the entrance exam with flying colours Learner example: I worked intens[ive]ly on the course and I passed with flying colours with a view to doing sth FORMAL so that you can something Dictionary example: He's doing some improvements on the house with a view to selling it Learner example: The purpose of this report is to assess the success of the latest tour our sports club organised and make relevant suggestions with a view to enhancing future trips withdraw /wɪðˈdrɔː/ Word family: Nouns: withdrawal Verbs: withdraw 750 VERB (withdrew, withdrawn) MONEY [T] to take money out of a bank account Dictionary example: She withdrew $50 Learner example: Apart from this, without credit cards I would have to look for a bank to withdraw money, and this is not very easy for a student REMOVE [T] to remove something, especially because of an official decision Dictionary examples: This product has been withdrawn from sale He has threatened to withdraw his support Learner example: But the government stepped back, withdrew the proposal and fired three ministers within /wɪˈðɪn/ PREPOSITION INSIDE inside an area, group, or system Dictionary examples: a dispute within the department There's a pharmacy within the hospital building Learner example: Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to you, as requested, in order to ensure that the training - whose purpose is to help the staff improve its communications with the other departments within the company - is effective and not just a waste of time word /wɜːd/ NOUN give sb your word to promise someone something Dictionary example: Paolo gave me his word that he wouldn't tell anyone 751 Learner example: I give you my word that it will never happen again take sb's word for it to believe what someone says without any proof Dictionary example: Take my word for it - this curry is very hot! Learner example: You can take my word for it that she is absolutely capable of carrying out this job - fond of children, patient, good-natured and competent keep your word to what you said you would Dictionary example: He agreed to come and I'm sure he'll keep his word Learner example: It turned out that the company that had been hired to organize it did not keep their word work /wɜːk/ Word family: Nouns: work, worker Verbs: work Adjectives: working, overworked VERB can work sth; know how to work sth to know how to use a machine or piece of equipment Dictionary example: Do you know how to work the video camera? Learner example: At that time, I also learned how to work the lighting during the play workforce /ˈwɜːk.fɔːs/ NOUN [GROUP] COMPANY all the people who work for a company or organization 752 Dictionary example: We have a highly skilled workforce Learner example: Before giving them rewards, companies need to train their workforce and identify their potential workplace /ˈwɜːk.pleɪs/ NOUN [C] the place where you work Dictionary example: We are trying to get rid of bullying in the workplace Learner example: Nowadays, our jobs consume more and more of our time so a good atmosphere at the workplace is important workshop /ˈwɜːk.ʃɒp/ NOUN [C] when a group of people meet to learn more about something by discussing it and doing practical exercises Dictionary example: a workshop on crime prevention Learner example: All in all, I thoroughly enjoyed this event, but I think there ought to be more computers provided and the numbers of participants to a single workshop should be limited world /wɜːld/ NOUN (have) the best of both worlds to have the advantages of two different situations Dictionary example: Living in the country and working in the city you have the best of both worlds Learner example: Only those that can afford to live in the suburban areas can combine the best of both worlds and they tend to be rather affluent 753 worse /wɜːs/ Word family: Nouns: worse Verbs: worsen Adjectives: worse Adverbs: worse NOUN [U] something that is more unpleasant or difficult Dictionary examples: By the third month of the expedition they had endured many hardships, but worse was to follow "What about the bride's dress - wasn't it appalling?" "I don't know, I've seen worse." Learner example: But worse was to come at 19:30 when we went to see one of London's musicals worsen /ˈwɜːsən/ Word family: Nouns: worse Verbs: worsen Adjectives: worse Adverbs: worse VERB [I or T] to become worse or to make something become worse Dictionary example: His condition suddenly worsened last week Learner example: I believe erecting a car park in the cent[re] could worsen the situation drastically worship /ˈwɜː.ʃɪp/ VERB (-pp- or US ALSO -p-) RELIGION [T] to have or show a strong feeling of respect and admiration for God or a god Dictionary example: In the various regions of India, Hindus worship different gods and observe different religious festivals 754 Learner example: The Revolution was of such importance because Greece became a free country again and the people were free to talk, worship their God and have Greek schools ADMIRE to love and admire someone or something very much Dictionary example: She worshipped her mother Learner example: Firstly, many famous people are considered as idols who are worshipped and imitated, which might make them believe they are important, especially when they have a certain media presence worthless /ˈwɜːθ.ləs/ Word family: Adjectives: worth, worthless, worthy ADJECTIVE NOT IMPORTANT not important or useful Dictionary example: He made me feel stupid and worthless Learner example: One important aspect is, of course, that they will feel worthless worthy /ˈwɜː.ði/ Word family: Adjectives: worth, worthless, worthy ADJECTIVE DESERVING RESPECT FORMAL deserving respect, admiration or support Dictionary examples: He is unlikely to succeed in getting his bill through Congress, however worthy it is Every year she makes a large donation to a worthy cause Learner example: The performers are all neatly dressed and on the whole, they have all made a worthy effort 755 write /raɪt/ (wrote, written) Word family: Nouns: writer, writing Verbs: rewrite, write Adjectives: written PHRASAL VERB write sth up or write up sth PHRASAL VERB to write something on paper or on a computer in a complete or final form, often using notes you have made Dictionary example: Have you written up that report yet? wrong /rɒŋ/ Word family: Adjectives: wrong Adverbs: wrong, wrongly ADJECTIVE NOT SUITABLE not suitable or correct, or not as it should be Dictionary examples: She's the wrong person for the job She got in with the wrong crowd at university Learner example: Personally I prefer to think that you gave the job to the wrong person wrongly /ˈrɒŋ.li/ Word family: Adjectives: wrong Adverbs: wrong, wrongly ADVERB wrongly accused/convicted/imprisoned, etc accused or punished unfairly or illegally Dictionary example: She was wrongly convicted of drug smuggling 756 Learner example: You have also wrongly accused the organisers of spending too much money on organising the event 757 Y yet /jet/ ADVERB IN THE FUTURE from now and for a particular period of time in the future Dictionary examples: She won't be back for a long time yet Our holiday isn't for weeks yet Learner example: It's a fact that everybody knows that living in Poland is not easy now and it won't be for a long time yet as yet FORMAL until and including this time Dictionary examples: We haven't needed extra staff as yet, but may in the future No ambulances had as yet managed to get across the river Learner example: I would like to something about it, but as I can't imagine building anything near my beautiful house (because I'm afraid it would destroy its wonderful harmony), I have no idea as yet how to solve this problem you /juː/ PRONOUN you see used when you are giving an explanation about something Dictionary examples: I didn't know she was Welsh, you see You see, it was already late by that time Learner example: Family matters had to stay in the family, you see 758 youngster /ˈjʌŋ.stər/ Word family: Nouns: youngster Adjectives: young NOUN [C] a young person, especially an older child Dictionary example: He talked to the youngsters about the dangers of drugs Learner example: Like many other nations worldwide, with mastering much more knowledge and skills of information technology than [the] elder group of people, it is not surprising that Chinese youngsters learn more than their previous generations did about what is happening around the world 759 ... represent something else verb A word that describes an action, condition or experience written abbreviation A short form of a word or phrase only used in writing A abandon /əˈbæn.dən/ Word family:... or to make something start to happen more quickly Dictionary example: Inflation is likely to accelerate this year Learner example: Fashion has always been changing but I think this process accelerated... to like someone or something Dictionary example: I've got nothing against him personally, I just don't think he's the right man for the job Learner example: If you have nothing against taking public