An investigation into stylistic devices of language of persuasion in english travel magazine

UNIVERSITY OF DANANG UNIVERSITY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDIES -š›&š› - SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH REPORT Topic: AN INVESTIGATION INTO STYLISTIC DEVICES OF LANGUAGE OF PERSUASION IN ENGLISH TRAVEL MAGAZINE Student: Le Dinh Anh Thu Class: 17CNADL02 Department of English for Specific Purposes Da Nang, May 2021 TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC NGOẠI NGỮ THÔNG TIN KẾT QUẢ NGHIÊN CỨU CỦA ĐỀ TÀI Thông tin chung: - Tên đề tài: Nghiên cứu đặc điểm phong cách học ngôn ngữ thuyết phục tạp chí du lịch tiếng Anh - Sinh viên thực hiện: Lê Đình Anh Thư - Lớp: 17CNADL02 - Khoa: Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Năm thứ: - Giáo viên hướng dẫn: ThS Phạm Thị Ca Dao Mục tiêu đề tài: Tìm đặc điểm phong cách học sử dụng tạp chí du lịch Tính sáng tạo: Đã tìm đặc điểm phong cách học bật tạp chí du lịch tiếng Anh Điều góp phần quan trọng việc truyền tải thơng tin cách cụ thể, sinh động, thuyết phục qua ấn phẩm du lịch nói chung, tạp chí du lịch nói riêng, nhằm hướng tới mục đích chung để quảng bá, thúc đẩy du lịch Kết nghiên cứu: Các đặc điểm phong cách học ngôn ngữ thuyết phục sử dụng nhiều so sánh, nhân hoá ẩn dụ, phép ngoa dụ hoán dụ sử dụng với tần suất thấp tạp chí du lịch Đóng góp mặt kinh tế - xã hội, giáo dục đào tạo, an ninh, quốc phòng khả áp dụng đề tài: Đề tài vấn đề mà nhiều sinh viên, người làm việc ngành dịch vụ du lịch gặp phải muốn truyền đạt thông tin địa điểm du lịch đến với khách hàng mục tiêu Từ đưa đề xuất giúp cho học sinh- sinh viên, người làm việc lĩnh vực truyền đạt thông tin cách mẻ, thuyết phục thông qua viết họ Công bố khoa học sinh viên từ kết nghiên cứu đề tài (ghi rõ tên tạp chí có) nhận xét, đánh giá sở áp dụng kết nghiên cứu (nếu có): Đà Nẵng, ngày 18 tháng 04 năm 2021 Xác nhận Giáo viên hướng dẫn Sinh viên chịu trách nhiệm thực đề tài (ký, họ tên) ĐẠI HỌC ĐÀ NẴNG TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC NGOẠI NGỮ THÔNG TIN VỀ SINH VIÊN CHỊU TRÁCH NHIỆM CHÍNH THỰC HIỆN ĐỀ TÀI I SƠ LƯỢC VỀ SINH VIÊN: Họ tên: Lê Đình Anh Thư Sinh ngày: 02 tháng 09 năm 1999 Ảnh 4x6 Nơi sinh: Bình Định Lớp: 17CNADL02 Khóa: 2017 Khoa: Tiếng Anh Chun ngành Địa liên hệ: 43/23 Đỗ Thúc Tịnh, phường Khuê Trung, quận Cẩm Lệ Điện thoại: 0396169057 Email: anhthuledinh291999@gmail.com II Q TRÌNH HỌC TẬP (kê khai thành tích sinh viên từ năm thứ đến năm học): * Năm thứ 1: Ngành học: Tiếng Anh Du Lịch Kết xếp loại học tập: Giỏi * Năm thứ 2: Ngành học: Tiếng Anh Du Lịch Kết xếp loại học tập: Khá * Năm thứ 3: Ngành học: Tiếng Anh Du Lịch Kết xếp loại học tập: Giỏi * Năm thứ 4: Ngành học: Tiếng Anh Du Lịch Kết xếp loại học tập: Giỏi Xác nhận Trường Ngoại ngữ (ký tên đóng dấu) Đại Khoa: Tiếng Anh Chuyên ngành Khoa: Tiếng Anh Chuyên ngành Khoa: Tiếng Anh Chuyên ngành Khoa: Tiếng Anh Chuyên ngành Ngày 20 tháng 05 năm 2021 học Sinh viên chịu trách nhiệm thực đề tài (ký, họ tên) Contents ABSTRACT CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1.1 RATIONALE 1.2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES 1.2.1 AIMS 1.2.2 OBJECTIVES 1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 1.4 RESEARCH QUESTION 10 CHAPTER 11 LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 11 2.1 LITERATURE REVIEW 11 2.2 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND .13 2.2.1 TRAVEL MAGAZINE AND TRAVEL ARTICLE 13 2.2.2 PERSUASION 16 2.2.3 STYLISTIC DEVICES 17 CHAPTER 24 RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY 24 3.1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 24 3.2 DATA COLLECTION 24 3.3 DATA ANALYSIS 24 3.4 DESCRIPTION OF SAMPLES 24 3.5 VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY 25 3.6 PROCEDURES OF THE STUDY .25 CHAPTER 26 FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS 26 4.1 STYLISTIC DEVICES USED IN TRAVEL ARTICLES 26 4.1.1 METONYMY 26 4.1.2 ANTONOMASIA 26 4.1.3 METAPHOR 26 4.1.4 SIMILE 27 4.1.5 IRONY 29 4.1.6 HYPERBOLE 29 4.1.7 PERSONIFICATION 30 4.1.8 PERIPHRASIS .30 4.1.9 SUMMARY 31 CHAPTER 33 CONCLUSIONS, LIMITATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS 33 5.1 CONCLUSIONS 33 5.2 LIMITATIONS .33 5.3 IMPLICATIONS 33 5.3 RECOMMENDATIONS 34 REFERENCES 35 APPENDIX 36 LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1 Types of travel articles………………………………………………14 Table 4.1 Frequency of occurrence of some lexical stylistic devices used in English travel articles…………………………………………………………………… 31 ABSTRACT With the popularity of tourism-oriented publications, travel magazines stand out from others to win over would-be travellers Language conveyed throughout these periodicals has been triggered the sense of discovery This study examined English travel articles mainly related to attractions drawn from award-winning travel magazines, including National Geographic Traveller and Wanderlust to investigate stylistic devices of language of persuasion used in travel articles thanks to qualitative and quantitative approach The theories of lexical stylistic devices of language of persuasion are mainly based on considerable knowledge of notable linguist Galperin (1977), brand new persuasive aspects of figure of speech by Fahnestock (2011) The findings suggested types of stylistic devices applied to travel articles as persuasion, namely simile, metaphor, personification, metonymy, hyperbole These findings can be utilized as a material for English teaching and learning involving descriptive, persuasive and creative writing about travel destinations Keywords: stylistic devices, lexical stylistic devices, language of persuasion, travel magazines, travel articles CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1.1 RATIONALE It is undeniable that nowadays traveling has skyrocketed more than at any time in the past Thanks to major contributing factors, such as technological advancements, the rise in income and living standards, etc., people tend to leave their homes and voyage to many places in the world more frequently than ever before Like the process of consulting numerous sources before purchasing a product, it is becoming increasingly apparent that travelers are also more likely to research travel attractions before traveling or touring Apparently, tourists these days prefer to plan various aspects of their journey beforehand, and travel information would help them come to informed decisions The advent of information technology significantly affects many vital sectors, including communications Therefore, it enables everyone to have easy and ready access to information of any field, including tourism, via means of communication such as television, newspaper, the Internet, magazine, and so on However, in terms of travel information seeking, among countless available resources, travel magazines are generally considered as the best resource for not only introducing precise information but also inspiring tourists by superb photography, travel advice, lively travel tales, and so forth This feature makes travel magazines distinctive, and on top of that, it could persuade would-be customers to be actual travelers A growing number of people have been worked and wished to pick up careers related to the tourism industry By all accounts, especially those who are in need of using the English language as a predominant tool for communicating with customers, they have been faced plentiful problems of how to make customers believe in their suggestions in a natural way, such as the use of English in the form of introductions, instructions, and other written material Thus, personnel with great English proficiency are always welcomed to the professional environment This is the reason why having considerable insights into the language of persuasion will be contributing factor behind the competence of tourism employees and the success of tourism enterprises as well On account of all reasons mentioned above, this present study aims at investigating linguistic features of travel magazines, specifically, lexical stylistic devices of the language of persuasion used in English travel magazines 1.2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES 1.2.1 AIMS Given the crucial role of knowledge of the language of persuasion, this study aims to explore a detailed description of linguistic features, namely stylistic devices of travel articles related to introducing ideal and famous destinations around the globe Therefore, it enables people who long for a profession related to the hospitality industry, such as travel content writer and tour guide, etc., to have a clear and rational understanding of using these linguistic features applied to their works 1.2 OBJECTIVES The objectives of the present study are to: - identify stylistic devices of the language of persuasion used in articles published by travel magazines - suggest some implications for English learners, as well as English teachers who are passionately interested in linguistic features of the language of persuasion in travel magazines 1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY This study is narrowed down to the main linguistic features, namely stylistic devices based on data analyzed from 50 articles drawn from two award-winning travel magazines In terms of stylistic devices, this feature is based upon the theories of Galperin in Stylistic (1977) and Fahnestock in Rhetorical Style: The Uses of Language in Persuasion (2011) While Galperin is one of the very first people laying the foundation for the profound knowledge of stylistic devices, Fahnestock does not only cover more aspects of language, including stylistic devices but indicate persuasive functions of these ??? 1.4 - RESEARCH QUESTION What are the most commonly used stylistic devices of language of persuasion in English travel articles from travel magazines? 10 (11) “I understand you are poor and wish to earn money by nursing the little boy, my son, who has been so prematurely deprived of what can never be replaced.” The periphrasis for the word “mother” is represented through “what can never be replaced.” Within this context, readers can easily get the point of the concept Besides, Galperin (1977, p.173) groups stylistic periphrasis into two categories: logical and figurative Logical periphrasis is based on one of the inherent properties or perhaps a passing feature of the object described, “the most pardonable of human weaknesses” (Dickens) is a periphrasis for the word love, for example Figurative periphrasis is based either on metaphor or metonymy, the keyword of the collocation being the word used figuratively; for instance, a periphrasis for the word “sun” is “the punctual servant of all work” (Dickens) In conclusion, based on coherent theory of Galperin and new theory of Fahnestock, there are eight lexical stylistic devices mentioned and clarified about its notions, general functions, especially persuasive facets Considered the theory, each figure of speech has its own good point to act as persuasion in written forms, however, regarding travel magazines, next chapter will deal with data analysis to indicate the frequency of these eight devices in English travel magazines 23 CHAPTER RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY 3.1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The research is carried out in accordance with qualitative and quantitative approaches Regarding the qualitative approach, it is used to describe and analyze stylistic devices applied in English travel articles Also, using a quantitative approach is to summarize the frequency of stylistic devices used in English travel articles 3.2 DATA COLLECTION The collected data for analysis in the study is 50 English travel articles drawn from two award-winning travel magazines, specifically, 25 English travel articles extracted from National Geographic (NGT) and the rest from Wanderlust (WAN) 3.3 DATA ANALYSIS In order to fulfill the aims of the study, 50 English travel articles selected from two popular magazines, including National Geographic and Wanderlust, will be analyzed with respect to stylistic devices The data gathered for the thesis will be analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively Qualitative information encompasses typical kinds of stylistic devices used in English travel articles, and quantitative information is about the frequency of stylistic devices appearing in English travel articles 3.4 DESCRIPTION OF SAMPLES The process of collecting data for the study is conducted as follows: Firstly, there are some features taken into consideration to identify eligible samples for the study, counting the number of samples, sources, types, publication dates of travel articles, etc Secondly, 50 appropriate travel articles are determined for the study following these characteristics: - Travel articles have to relate to attractions - All travel articles are written in English 24 - All of the travel articles were published from 2019 till the present Finally, stylistic devices applied to travel articles are found and fully analyzed 3.5 VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY In terms of validity, all chosen travel articles meet all criteria mentioned above Regarding reliability, 50 English travel articles drawn from National Geographic and Wanderlust magazines were all written mostly by staff from these prominent magazines All sentences cited in the study are extracted originally and carefully from these magazines In conclusion, the data analyzed in the study are worth relying on for the investigation 3.6 PROCEDURES OF THE STUDY - Topic is selected based on the introduction, literature review, and theoretical background - The collection of samples for data analysis is selected from popular travel magazines - Stylistic devices applied to English travel articles are carefully analyzed - Some implications for educational purposes are suggested 25 CHAPTER FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS 4.1 STYLISTIC DEVICES USED IN TRAVEL ARTICLES In this section, types of typical stylistic devices applied (most frequently) to travel articles of English travel magazine based on theories of Galperin in Stylistics (1977) and Fahnestock in The Uses of Language in Persuasion (2011) will be analyzed in detail There are eight lexical stylistic devices listed in the section of Theoretical Background; however, only five of them are found in English travel articles 4.1.1 METONYMY Metonymy is a stylistic device in which the name of a concept is replaced with a word that demonstrates a close association Thus, this device facilitates writers by expressing their words in a different way However, there is only one metonymy found in all analyzed travel articles - For an autumn, winter or spring break, Palma makes for the perfect getaway, offering a swag bag of culture, history and culinary delights in a pocket-sized city with a big heart where a warm welcome is pretty much guaranteed (My own emphasis) [WAN19] Of course, “a big heart” in this sentence just signifies the whole person, even the people in a country as well in this case 4.1.2 ANTONOMASIA Antonomasia is a figure of speech in which a name of a person is called differently by its characteristics Since the study mostly focuses on travel articles related to the destination, though it cannot deniable that there are some names mentioned in the articles, no antonomasia is applied to these types of travel articles 4.1.3 METAPHOR Metaphor is a lexical stylistic device that is used to make implicit comparisons between two things Therefore, readers can see something in a new light, which is to spark off associations between two unlike things Take a look at an impressive example applied metaphor: 26 - Those looking for a ‘hidden’ gem, should venture underground with a guide to the Bastion Passages, a system of tunnels.[WAN13] In this sentence, the writer recommended Bastion Passages as an ideal destination for visitors This tunnel, of course, is not a “gem”, also not the place for visitors who are in search of precious stones Moreover, it is emphasized by the adjective “hidden” to express the concept of the tunnel, as well as its hidden beauty Therefore, this metaphor works by giving readers a visual image and a sense of curiosity so that it can encourage them to get there Here are examples using metaphor: - Old Riga is, as UNESCO says, a “living illustration” of its past (My own emphasis) [WAN13] - Almost everything in the island’s rural north is an assault on the senses, smacking you with just about every element (My own emphasis) [WAN8] - South Korea’s culture is an intoxicating concoction of time-frozen ancient traditions and a contemporary mix of media, arts and music (My own emphasis) [WAN20] - The road is now a compact pancake of glossy ivory (My own emphasis) [NGT6] - The state is a genuine superstar in its own right – the travel equivalent of a Hollywood A-lister (My own emphasis) [WAN16] - The island capital is a whitewashed charmer (My own emphasis) [WAN17] - The Inspyre Boutique is a magnet for well-dressed women (My own emphasis) [NGT11] 4.1.4 SIMILE Simile is a ubiquitous lexical stylistic device to make an emphatic and crystally clear comparison between things that seem unfamiliar or unusual It is considered as one of the most recognizable stylistic devices by connective words formed in the sentence, such as like, as, as if, etc Furthermore, this device accounts for the highest rate of total lexical stylistic devices discovered For example: - Costa Rica certainly feels like a perfect antidote against the coronavirusblues (My own emphasis) [WAN6] Costa Rica is likened to a drug that is against the “poison” of coronavirus To some 27 readers, Costa Rica might be a bizarre place but they all know what antidote is and how badly coronavirus has changed our world, especially travel Compared to the sentence “Costa Rica is a good place for escape Covid-19 blues”, the example cited above is obviously more interesting and enable readers to generate intriguing thought in such a comparison As a result, this simile is an excellent and effective comparison to encourage readers to add Costa Rica to their bucket lists Here are some other illustrations of simile using “like”, “as” and “as if” - A landscape of rocks coloured like strawberry ice-cream, plump bottle trees flaunting golden bellies and buttocks, and the iconic dragon’s blood trees (My own emphasis) [WAN3] - The species boasts a 2.4m wingspan, while males attract mates by inflating their scarlet necks like balloons (My own emphasis) [WAN6] - The lights then reassembled, oozing smoothly like the matter of a lava lamp (My own emphasis) [WAN21] - This remote region and its people were like a blast of icy fresh air (My own emphasis) [WAN21] - All have their trunks lopped off at knee-height, as if a giant had scythed through them before drowning them in the bay (My own emphasis) [NGT3] Additionally, to make comparisons referring to the (different) same amount of quality that things put into comparison, writers used (not) as+ Adj+ as to serve the purpose - Experienced travellers know that a country that hits the disaster headlines back home is often as peaceful a place as anywhere when you actually visit (My own emphasis) [WAN3] - Claiming the world’s largest gothic cathedral and one of Europe’s biggest old towns, Seville serves up historical superlatives as big and bold as its world-famous tapas (My own emphasis) [NGT16] - A moustachioed, black-eyed giant of a man with fingers as thick as a baby’s arm (My own emphasis) [WAN1] - Only, here in Pembrokeshire, the coast fans out in fold after fold, as endless as a hall of mirrors (My own emphasis) [NGT3] Lastly, forms of simile via comparison take up the largest portion of all comparison 28 structures used in English travel articles are comparative and superlative forms By applying these comparison forms into travel articles, writers help readers, also would-be travellers get how places, things that they will visit or experience different from the larger groups of others Let’s have a look at some examples: - By joining a traditional felucca sailboat cruise you may feel like you have you have Africa’s longest river to yourself (My own emphasis) [WAN4] - While nearby Sedona’s Cathedral Rock has the clearest views of the Milky Way in the state (My own emphasis) [WAN3] - Red Rocks is surely the most beautiful concert venue in the world (My own emphasis) [NGT11] - Antigua is larger and livelier than Barbuda, which was evacuated following the 2017 hurricane (My own emphasis) [WAN16] - Kim explained that Alaskan huskies are lighter and faster than Siberian but without their endurance, although he has driven a team 100km in 24 hours (My own emphasis) [WAN21] In conclusion, the use of simile in travel articles dominates other devices because it is a valuable and easy-to-use tool in order to enhance the meaning of things set in comparison With the aid of simile, writers could clarify their opinions creatively or impart interesting facts about something through which their words become more convincing and credible to readers 4.1.5 IRONY Irony occurs when a writer intentionally uses the opposite word to express what he truly is saying The irony will be remarkably effective used in prose with the aim of creating comedic, satirical, or out-of-the-blue effects Despite the second effect of irony is to create a close bond with readers through humorous stories, it is not applied to a single travel article 4.1.6 HYPERBOLE Hyperbole is a stylistic device in which deliberate exaggeration is used to place heavy emphasis on their expression in order to concentrate readers’ attention - Even if you have to sell your grandmother it, not miss a few days on the Osa Peninsula (My own emphasis) [WAN6] 29 Readers are not greatly encouraged to sell their family members just for a sake of traveling However, hyperbole is applied to this sentence to ensure that the trip to Osa Peninsula is worth every penny so not hesitate to get there 4.1.7 PERSONIFICATION Personification is a powerful and common lexical device assigning human characteristics, actions to something that is non-human It is an effective tool to help writers to create clear and detailed images via their words, which bring things more relatable and closer to readers’ minds and experiences For example: - Rural north to the equally hilly but sun-kissed south (My own emphasis) [WAN8] In this example, the sun does not have lips to kiss someone like the way human beings do, it is personified to make the sun more lively in readers’ imagination, thus grab readers’ attention Other illustrations applied personification are: - As the sun climbed, hummingbirds appeared, yet this scarcely prepared me for their onslaught at Rancho Naturalista (My own emphasis) [WAN6] - And these are serious mountains, over 1,500m high, often clothed in cloud that nourishes the lush vegetation on their slopes (My own emphasis) [WAN3] - Among them, high above the scurryings of human existence, Mount Garan steams broodily, just as it’s done for centuries, oblivious to the people on its paths, to the seasons’ change or to the nightingale singing for spring (My own emphasis) [NGT6] - Winters can be brutal, and for decades the Svan people have been abandoning the mountains for an easier life in the lowlands (My own emphasis) [WAN1] - \When the sun is out, it seems the entire city decamps to the promenade to walk, run, cycle or rollerblade.” (My own emphasis) [NGT21] To conclude, travel writers prefer to apply personification when they want to describe things more vividly Its effect makes abstraction human-like, therefore, memorable images are presented clearly and attractively to readers 4.1.8 PERIPHRASIS Periphrasis is a figure of speech using longer words to express an idea which can demonstrate in a briefer way Back to the purpose of travel articles, they chiefly supply readers with useful knowledge regarding travel purposes That is explained why travel 30 writers fully concentrate on their content via accurate facts and positive effects without beating around the bush Consequently, they not apply any periphrasis to their traveloriented writing 4.1.9 SUMMARY Stylistic Devices Raw Number Percentage Metonymy 0.3 Antonomasia 0 Metaphor 30 10 Simile 211 69,6 Irony 0 Hyperbole 0.3 Personification 60 19,8 Periphrasis 0 Total 303 100 Table 4.1 Frequency of occurrence of some lexical stylistic devices used in English travel articles The table shows the frequency of lexical stylistic devices used in English travel articles, including metonymy, metaphor, simile, hyperbole, personification It is clear that simile is the most used stylistic device in English travel articles, following by personification and metaphor, while other devices, namely metonymy, and hyperbole take up a tiny proportion of occurrence of lexical stylistic devices To be more specific, simile accounts for a total of 69.6% of typical devices used in English travel articles There are some compelling reasons for the dominance of simile This is an easy but effective technique for writers; by using connective words like “as, like,” comparative, superlative forms, they can make things less subtle to readers Things set in comparisons are not only crystal clear to readers’ minds but also excite their imaginations Therefore, besides providing readers with a valuable source of information for travel, simile benefits them by the illustrative description which leads to better understanding, which can be an outstanding merit to cajole readers into going where writers introduce Besides, metaphor is regarded as an extremely analogous device to simile, takes up 10% of total lexical stylistic devices used in travel articles While simile is comparing two things, 31 metaphor is defining a thing by using another domain It can present things in a new light, but it is pale in comparison with a simile Simile owns a variety of forms to draw a comparison ranging from connective words to superlative form, etc in order to provide readers with clarification, especially they are in two minds whether or not to come to this place compared to another Metaphor, in other words, is denoting things by likening it to something similar, it creates vivid effects and much more, however, in the scope of travel articles, metaphor is not as common as simile In addition, a stylistic device that makes up nearly 20% of all devices is personification Obviously, with the purpose of travel article about destinations, travel writers have to describe things for the most part, and how to enhance the beauty of landscapes and make them closer to human experiences is the reason why personification is an invaluable tool that cannot be ignored This explains for personification is the second most used stylistic device Metonymy and hyperbole are the two devices applied the least to travel articles, which share the same tiny fraction of the total number of stylistic devices used in travel articles Within travel articles, characterizing features of things belonging to a destination in a creative way is enormously important and stressed than calling up specific things Thus, metaphor and simile take over metonymy in writing for travel articles Similarly, hyperbole excels at evoking readers’ strong feelings by overstatements, however, it is less likely to use because of the central aim of travel articles 32 CHAPTER CONCLUSIONS, LIMITATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS 5.1 CONCLUSIONS The study relates to lexical stylistic devices applied to English travel articles In order to achieve the objectives of the study successfully, a considerable number of materials involving to the scope of this study have been found and thoroughly investigated With respect to lexical stylistic devices of language of persuasion, there are various lexical stylistic devices used for specific purposes of travel articles Besides, the most typical devices used in travel articles are clarified, namely simile, personification, metaphor, metonymy, and hyperbole Furthermore, this thesis is also intended to make a contribution to the theoretical study of linguistics in general and language of travel articles in particular 5.2 LIMITATIONS Due to the shortage of time, relevant material, as well as limited knowledge, the study cannot be done more to further other linguistics features of magazines Firstly, this study only focuses on lexical stylistic devices of language of persuasion used in English travel articles There are a large number of facets of rich language expressed in travel articles that have not been mentioned in this study In addition, only English travel articles, mainly destination-related articles of National Geographic Traveler and Wanderlust magazines are examined, other magazines in general and other types of travel articles, in particular, have not been considered and analyzed in this study 5.3 IMPLICATIONS I hope this thesis will be of much benefit not only for writing effective and creative travel writing but also for various areas of learning and teaching in English - For teaching: Travel magazines, also travel articles is an excellent source for English teaching at university and college, especially for students majoring in English for Tourism However, helping students to have a good understanding and write an effective travel article are not easy tasks The study results providing teachers with general knowledge of lexical stylistic devices of language of persuasion will assist them to get a better understanding of travel articles and have a great insight into the language that they are involved Moreover, the thesis draws out the common characteristics of English travel 33 articles in terms of lexical stylistic devices of language of persuasion, which hopefully can help teachers to design their lectures more flexibly and effectively - For studying: Besides, this thesis is expected to be advantageous for students as well as English learners The results of this thesis can possibly enrich their knowledge with a wealth of information and strategies so as to write good and persuasive writing for travel purposes This study may offer students more encouragement to conduct further investigation into travel articles 5.3 RECOMMENDATIONS Due to the limitation of time and materials, there are still numerous aspects awaiting investigations There are some suggestions that can be taken into consideration: - An investigation into phonetic stylistic devices used in English travel magazines - A study on the syntax of English travel magazines 34 REFERENCES Books, journals, theses and websites 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[WAN3] Bradt, H (2020) Socotra Wanderlust, (211), 68-77 [WAN4] Clark, G (2020) Where to go when Wanderlust, (211), 52-65 [WAN5] Costa Rica Wanderlust, (211), 31-43 [WAN6] Costa Rica Wanderlust, (212), 88-89 [WAN7] Go now: Amsterdam Wanderlust, (210), 22-23 [WAN8] Go now: Madeira Wanderlust, (211), 22-23 [WAN9] Go now: Phoenix Wanderlust, (193), 24-25 [WAN10] Go now: Tenerife Wanderlust, (212), 20-21 [WAN11] Goss, R (2020) Japan Wanderlust, (210), 36-49 [WAN12] Green, G (2020) Brishtish break: Brecon Beacons National Park Wanderlust, (210), 93-94 [WAN13] Head to head Wanderlust, (211), 24-25 [WAN14] Head to head Wanderlust, (212), 22-23 [WAN15] Hughes, L (2021) Bristish break: St Ives Wanderlust, (212), 93-94 [WAN16] Malta Wanderlust, (193), 36-37 [WAN17] McKelvie, R (2021) Isle of Islay Wanderlust, (212), 75-80 [WAN18] Northern lights Wanderlust, (212), 49-52 [WAN19] Palma Wanderlust, (211), 66-67 [WAN20] South Korea Wanderlust, (211), 32-33 [WAN21] Stratton, M (2021) Swedish Lapland Wanderlust, (212), 36-45 [WAN22] Tobago Wanderlust, (212), 53-57 [WAN23] Travel icon: Galle, Sri Lanka Wanderlust, (210), 91 [WAN24] Rix, J (2020) Gozo Wanderlust, (210), 76-83 [WAN25] Robinson, A (2021) Bali Wanderlust, (212), 58-67 National Geographic Traveller [NGT1] Barrell, S (2020) A world of reimagination National Geographic Traveller, (88), 18 [NGT2] Bloomfield, P (2020) Cappadocia National Geographic Traveller, (87), 48-52 [NGT3] Buckley, J (2020) Awakening legends on the Celtic Coast National Geographic Traveller, 87(6), 92-99 [NGT4] Gilbert, S (2020) Weekender: Ticino National Geographic Traveller, (85), 3839 [NGT5] Lafferty, J (2021) Edinburgh National Geographic Traveller, (89), 55-58 [NGT6] Lafferty, J., Smith, O., Tharp, C., & Wigram-Evans, C (2020) Japan National Geographic Traveller, (85), 54-71 36 [NGT7] Lebanon National Geographic Traveller, (88), 42-43 [NGT8] Lerwill, B (2020) Fort William & Glencoe National Geographic Traveller, (88), 44-48 [NGT9] March, J (2021) York National Geographic Traveller, (89), 34-35 [NGT10] Mcgovern, C (2020) Power to the pedal National Geographic Traveller, (88), 17 [NGT11] Millar, A (2020) Denver National Geographic Traveller, (85), 124-130 [NGT12] Parker-Stainback, M (2020) Mexico City National Geographic Traveller, (87), 61-64 [NGT13] Pieri, M (2020) The Lake Escape National Geographic Traveller, (87), 32 [NGT14] Puglia National Geographic Traveller, (87), 80-81 [NGT15] Price, L (2020) Crossing paths National Geographic Traveller, (85), 21 [NGT16] Price, J (2020) Neighbourhood: Seville National Geographic Traveller, (88), 57-60 [NGT17] Secret weekend escapes National Geographic Traveller, (87), 86 [NGT18] Stainback, M P (2020) Lima National Geographic Traveller, (85), 112-120 [NGT19] Trieste National Geographic Traveller, (87), 83 [NGT22] Wallaya, N (2020) Inside guide National Geographic Traveller, (88), 30-31 [NGT23] Wallaya, N (2020) Guatemala National Geographic Traveller, (85), 30-31 [NGT24] Wallaya, N (2021) Malta National Geographic Traveller, (89), 48-52 [NGT21] Walker, K (2020) Lausanne National Geographic Traveller, (87), 34 [NGT20] Whitley, D (2020) Neighbourhood: Prague National Geographic Traveller, (85), 44-47 [NGT25] Wressell, T (2021) Yucatán National Geographic Traveller, (89), 29 37 ... study aims at investigating linguistic features of travel magazines, specifically, lexical stylistic devices of the language of persuasion used in English travel magazines 1.2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES... award-winning travel magazines In terms of stylistic devices, this feature is based upon the theories of Galperin in Stylistic (1977) and Fahnestock in Rhetorical Style: The Uses of Language in Persuasion. .. knowledge of lexical stylistic devices of language of persuasion will assist them to get a better understanding of travel articles and have a great insight into the language that they are involved