Tài liệu A complete English language course part 31 doc

Irregular verbs by type Base-form Past simple Past participle 1 No change in form cast cast cast cost cost cost cut /kt/ cut cut fit fit fit hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt let let let put /pυt/ put put read /rid/ read /rεd/ read /rεd/ set set set shut /ʃt/ shut shut spread /sprεd/ spread /sprεd/ spread /sprεd/ 2 Vowel change in past simple bind bound bound feed fed fed find found found get got got hear heard heard hold held held lay laid laid lead led led light lit lit meet met met sell sold sold shoot shot shot sit sat sat stand stood stood tell told told 1111 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1211 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 4211 understand understood understood win won /wn/ won /wn/ 3 Past tense in -t bend bent bent build /bld/ built built burn burnt burnt deal /dil/ dealt /dεlt/ dealt /dεlt/ feel felt felt keep kept kept learn learnt learnt leave left left lose /luz/ lost lost mean /min/ meant /mεnt/ meant /mεnt/ send sent sent sleep slept slept spend spent spent 4 Past simple in -ght bring brought /brɔt/ brought buy bought /bɔt/ bought catch caught /kɔt/ caught fight fought /fɔt/ fought seek sought /sɔt/ sought teach taught /tɔt/ taught think thought /θɔt/ thought 5 Vowel u in past simple hang hung hung stick stuck stuck strike struck struck swing swung swung 6 Vowel a in past simple, vowel u in past participle begin began begun drink drank drunk ring rang rung run ran run sing sang sung sink sank sunk 284 Base-form Past simple Past participle 7 – Past participle ends in -n arise arose arisen be was/were been beat beat beaten blow blew blown break broke broken choose chose chosen draw drew drawn drive drove driven eat ate /εt/ (or /εit/) eaten fall fell fallen fly flew flown forget forgot forgotten give gave given grow grew grown hide hid hidden know knew /nju/ known lie lay lain ride rode ridden rise rose risen see saw /sɔ/ seen shake shook shaken show showed shown speak spoke spoken steal stole stolen take took taken throw threw thrown wake woke woken wear wore worn write wrote written 8 Miscellaneous become became become come came come do did done /dn/ go went gone /ɔn/ have had had make made made lay laid laid pay paid paid say /sεi/ said /sεd/ said /sεd/ 1111 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1211 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 4211 285 Base-form Past simple Past participle a/an 1.9 a-adjectives 11.69 active versus passive 15.90 adjectives, comparative 10.59 adjectives, superlative 10.59 adjectives in -ed 8.52 adjectives in -ing 8.52 adjectives with prepositions 6.40 adverb position 13.78 after 11.70 another 4.28 article, indefinite 1.9 as soon as 6.37 auxiliary did 4.24 base-form 2.14, 3.18, 6.38 before 11.70 bet 14.83 better off . . . -ing 10.64 bring 7.46 C1 conditional 14.79 C2 conditional 14.82 can 8.47 can’t 8.47, 12.72 can’t have 12.73, 15.88 certainty 12.72 choosing 5.34 commands 3.17 comparative 10.59 conditionals 14.79, 14.82 could 8.47 Could you . . .? 3.18 countable nouns 4.23 degree words 10.62 did auxiliary 4.24 direct object pronouns 6.36 do, versus make 13.77 Don’t . . . 3.17 don’t think 4.27 -ed adjectives 8.52 ed-form 9.54 either 10.61 else 8.51 empty it 7.42 for (time) 11.67 forms of the verb 2.14 future 7.41, 7.43, 11.70 genitive 3.19 get 3.22 going to 7.41 goodbye 1.10 Grammar index The first number gives the unit, the second number gives the Language point: e.g. 3.21 means Unit 3, Language point 21. had 9.56 have 4.25 have to 12.71 if 8.48, 14.80, 14.83 if only 14.83 in case 14.84 indefinite article 1.9 indirect object pronouns 6.36 indirect speech 15.86 -ing 3.21, 8.50, 10.64 -ing adjectives 8.52 ing-form after verbs 8.50 introducing people 1.3 it, empty 7.42 Let’s . . . 1.8, 5.29 likes and dislikes 5.32 liking doing things 5.33 liking things 5.30 make, versus do 13.77 may 12.72 may have 15.88 May I . . .? (formal) 6.38 might 12.72 mine, yours, etc. 2.16 money see Unit 4, Life and living must 12.71 must have 12.73 my, your, etc. 1.6 needn’t have 15.88 negative short forms 2.11 nouns, countable 4.23 nouns uncountable 4.23, 4.26 n’t 2.11 numbers see Unit 4, Life and living object pronouns 6.36 obligation 12.71 of genitive 3.19 offering 5.30, 5.31 one 4.28, 10.63 other 4.28 passive 15.90 past continuous 9.57 past perfect 15.85 past simple 4.24, 9.54, 9.55, 9.56 personal pronouns 1.5 phone language 6.35 phrasal verbs 3.20, 7.44 pointing out 1.7, 5.34 position of adverbs 13.78 possessive adjectives 1.6 possessive pronouns 2.16 possibility 12.72 prepositions after adjectives 6.40 prepositions at the end with wh-words 11.66 prepositions in relative clauses 13.76 present continuous 3.21 present perfect 9.53, 9.55 present simple 2.12, 6.37, 8.48, 11.70, 14.79 pronouns, object 6.36 pronouns, personal 1.5 pronouns, possessive 2.16 quantity 4.23 questions with be 1.4 quite 10.62 relative clauses 13.75 relative clauses with prepositions 13.76 reported speech 15.86 saying goodbye 1.10 ’s genitive 3.19 Shall I . . .? 3.18 short forms 1.1 1111 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1211 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 4211 287 short forms, negative 2.11 should 8.47 since 11.67 some 10.63 state verbs 7.45, 8.49 suggestions 5.29 superlative 10.59 suppose 15.89 tags, questions 1.2 tag responses 1.2 take 7.46 telling the time 11.65 that relative 13.75 that’s with wh-words 15.87 this, that, these, those 1.7 time 11.65 time expressions 6.39, 9.58, 11.68 to-form 2.14, 8.50, 12.74 to-form after verbs 8.50, 12.74 too 10.62 uncountable nouns 4.23, 4.26 unless 14.84 verb, forms 2.14 verbs, state 7.45, 8.49 very 10.62 was 9.56 weak forms 2.13 were 9.56 What . . . for? 14.81 What if . . .? 8.48 when 11.70, 14.80 which 10.60 who relative 13.75 wh-questions 2.15, 11.66 wh-words 2.15, 11.66 12.74 Why don’t you . . .? 6.38 will-future 7.43 wish 14.83 wonder 15.89 would 14.82 288 . sunk 284 Base-form Past simple Past participle 7 – Past participle ends in -n arise arose arisen be was/were been beat beat beaten blow blew blown break broke broken choose. /sεd/ 1111 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1211 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 4211 285 Base-form Past simple Past participle a/ an 1.9 a- adjectives 11.69 active versus passive 15.90 adjectives,