SUBJECT AND VERB AGREEMENT (Sự tương hợp giữa chủ ngữ và động từ)

Bài học kèm bài tập: Sự tương hợp giữa chủ ngữ và động từ Định nghĩa: Việc lựa chọn động từ số nhiều (plural) hay số ít (singular) để sử dụng với chủ ngữ được gọi là sự hòa hợp giữa chủ ngữ và động từ (Subject – Verb agreement). Nguyên tắc chung Subject (singular)  Verb (singular) chủ ngữ số ít đi với động từ số ít Subject (plural)  Verb (plural) chủ ngữ số nhiều đi với động từ số nhiều Ký tự viết tắt: S1 = Subject 1 ; S2 = Subject 2 Singular verb = V (sing) ; Plural verb = V (pl) Singular Noun = N (sing) ; Plural Noun = N (pl) ...

SUBJECT AND VERB AGREEMENT *** Định nghĩa: Việc lựa chọn động từ số nhiều (plural) hay số (singular) để sử dụng với chủ ngữ gọi hòa hợp chủ ngữ động từ (Subject – Verb agreement) *** Nguyên tắc chung Subject (singular)  Verb (singular) chủ ngữ số với động từ số Subject (plural)  Verb (plural) chủ ngữ số nhiều với động từ số nhiều *** Ký tự viết tắt: S1 = Subject ; S2 = Subject Singular verb = V (sing) ; Plural verb = V (pl) Singular Noun = N (sing) ; Plural Noun = N (pl) A Singular Verb Form: Subject (sing) Noun (sing) + V(sing) Uncountable Noun Gerund + V(sing) To infinitive That clause (Noun clause) Examples: - Swimming is good for health - To work is to learn + V(sing) Nouns (ending in –s) Examples: - That you get very high grades in school is necessary - What she has just said makes me suspicious + V(sing) Title of - a book + V(sing) - a film - a newspaper Phrases refer to - measurements - amounts - quantities Examples: - A student is waiting for you over there - Milk is good for health + V(sing) Examples: means, phonetics, statistics, gymnastics, athletics, measles, mumps, Aids, rabies, diabetes, news, mathematics, physics, economics, politics… - Diabetes affects many people around the world Examples: - The Burbs is a movie starring Tom Hanks Examples: - Ten dollars is too cheap to play for this - Ten years is too long to wait - Ten tons of rice costs a lot of money - Three miles is too far to walk Each / every Anyone / anybody Anything Someone / somebody Something Everyone / everybody Everything No one / nobody Nothing Much of A lot of A large amount of A great deal of Plenty of Most of Almost of + V(sing) Examples: - Each student has a student card - Nothing has been seen last night because of the darkness + N (uncountable) + V(sing) Examples: - A lot of money has been spent on improving the standard of living for the poor B Plural verb form: Subject (pl) Noun (pl) + V (pl) The + Adjective Examples: - The committee members lead very different lives in private + V (pl) Collective nouns + V (pl) Some of Many of Few / a few of Both of Several / all of A lot of / plenty of Examples: the rich, the poor, the young, the blind, the old… - The young are active and enthusiastic Examples: People, Police, Children, Public, Audience, Cattle - The police are investigating the murder + Noun (pl) + V (pl) C Some special cases: Examples: - A few of these products have defects - Many of the houses in this neighborhood don’t have garages S1 and S2 + V (pl) S1 and S2  as a single item Examples: - To love and to be loved is the happiest thing on earth + V (sing) - Each boy and each girl has a book - My good friend and my neighbour is a musician - The boss and the secretary have gone on business Noun  as a whole unit Note: + V (sing) audience, class, club, college, company, crowd, department, family, group, orchestra, public, school, staff, team, university… Note:  Meat pies and peas, fish and chip, bread and butter, research and development  Each + S1 and each + S2  Every + S1 and every + S2 Noun  as a collection of individuals None of + V (pl) Examples: - My family is poor while yours is rich - My family are well + Noun (sing) Examples: + V (sing) / Uncountable Noun - None of this money is mine - None of the two men are right + Noun (pl) + V (pl) The number of + Noun (pl) + V (sing) A number of + Noun (pl) + V (pl) + with S1 + as well as + together with Both + S1 and + S2 Examples: - The number of students attending university is decreasing dramatically recently - A number of new cars are being shown in the showroom Examples: + S2 + V (S1) - The politician, along with the newsmen, is expected shortly + V (pl) Not only + S1 but also + S2 Either + S1 or + S2 Neither + S1 nor + S2 Examples: - Both the politician and the newsmen are expected shortly + V (S2) Examples: - Neither my dad nor my brother knows how to ski - Either Grandpa or my sisters are going to the waterpark PRACTICE Choose the correct answers: Jenny with two dogs walking in the park now A is B are C was D were Mai as well as her friends _ having a picnic now A is B are C was D were My close friend and colleague, Mark _ married A have just got B has just got C just have got D just has got The singer and actor _ donated a large amount of money to the local orphanage A has B have C is D are My family _ always the most important for me A is B are C had been D have been Two hundred thousand _ not enough for us to have a good meal in the restaurant now A was B were C is D are Three years _ like a long time for her to live far from her beloved parents A is seeming B are seeming C seems D seemed The team _ playing very well and they make their fans shout yell A is B are C was D were Cattle _ allowed to graze on this meadow long ago A wasn’t B weren’t C isn’t D aren’t 10 None of his money earned by his working A is B are C was D were 11 None of students failed in this examination A has B have C was D were 12 Every student willing to take part in the environment month A is B are C was D were 13 The number of students _ looking for a job now A are B was C is D were 14 A number of students worried about their employment after graduating A feel B feels C felt D is feeling 15 Physics my favourite subject A are B is C was D were 16 The boy, along with his two classmates _ climbing on the roof now A has B have C is D are 17 Neither the mother nor the children aware of the danger A were B was C is D has been 18 If anyone , tell him I’ll be back later A was calling B called C call D calls 19 Each of the boys _ to write his curriculum vitae now A have B has C had D are having 20 A number of books in this library written in Chinese A are B is C was D were ANSWER KEY A A B C A C C B B 10 A 11 B 12 A 13 C 14 A 15 B 16 C 17 A 18 D 19 B 20 A ... staff, team, university… Note:  Meat pies and peas, fish and chip, bread and butter, research and development  Each + S1 and each + S2  Every + S1 and every + S2 Noun  as a collection of individuals... garages S1 and S2 + V (pl) S1 and S2  as a single item Examples: - To love and to be loved is the happiest thing on earth + V (sing) - Each boy and each girl has a book - My good friend and my neighbour... + V(sing) Examples: - A lot of money has been spent on improving the standard of living for the poor B Plural verb form: Subject (pl) Noun (pl) + V (pl) The + Adjective Examples: - The committee