A study on experiential meaning in “snow white and the seven dwarfs” from multimodal perspectiv

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING QUY NHON UNIVERSITY VÕ THỊ ĐĂNG NGỌC A STUDY ON EXPERIENTIAL MEANING IN “SNOW WHITE AND THE SEVEN DWARFS” FROM MULTIMODAL PERSPECTIVE Field : The English Language Code : 8.22.02.01 Supervisor: Võ Duy Đức Ph.D BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC QUY NHƠN VÕ THỊ ĐĂNG NGỌC NGUYÊN CỨU NGHĨA KINH NGHIỆM TRONG TRUYỆN TRANH “NÀNG BẠCH TUYẾT VÀ BẢY CHÚ LÙN” TỪ CÁCH NHÌN ĐA PHƯƠNG THỨC Chun ngành: Ngơn Ngữ Anh Mã số: 8.22.02.01 Người hướng dẫn: TS Võ Duy Đức i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS In this study, I would like to express my gratitude toward my supervisor Dr Võ Duy Đức with his enthusiasm, his encouragement as well as his patience for helping me finish the master thesis He spent a lot of time reading and correcting the mistakes in my thesis carefully although he was very busy He always encouraged me to seek many articles, read many books, and studied many academic researches to conduct well the study I would also like to express my sincere thanks to the board of directors of Ngo May High School, especially my headmaster - Châu Văn Phú for helping and facilitating the distribution of teaching timetable during the time I took the course Moreover, I would like also to thank my close colleagues for teaching my classes I am extending my special thanks to all lecturers in the English master course They have taught me a lot of useful knowledge during the two years I took part in this master course Lastly, I would like to express my gratitude to my family for encouraging me mentally and physically so that I could successfully complete this course ii STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP I merely confirm that the thesis titled ―A study on experiential meaning in “Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs” from multimodal perspective” is written only by me and describes entirely the result of my own work I choose many references which have been quoted and all sources of information have been clearly cited The thesis has not been submitted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university or institution Qui Nhon, 2020 VO THI DANG NGOC iii ABSTRACT An experimental investigation was conducted to explore the experiential meaning of the verbal structures and the visual images through multimodal perspective in the comic story Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs Two main frameworks of theory which are applied for the analysis of this study are Systemic Functional Grammar and Visual Grammar Systemic Functional Grammar formulated by Halliday (2004) is used for analyzing the experiential meaning of the verbal texts in the collected data resources, while Visual Grammar originated by Kress& Leeuwen (2006) is supported to identify the experiential meaning of the visual language in the comic story Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs The findings indicate that while texts in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs comic show the actions and the events with a large numbers of Material processes, the images mainly focus on the physical actions of the represented participants with the Actional processes Moreover, Relational processes in the verbal texts used to characterize or identify the participants account for a proportion of equivalent rate with Reactional processes in the visual image applied for identifying the represented participants The results of the numerical simulation indicate that circumstances both the verbal texts and the visual images in the comic Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs rotate around the time and place in which the activities or events take place with a large number of Location in texts and Setting in images Implications of the results and future research directions were drawn out ix ABBREVIATIONS AND CONVENTIONS Abbreviation SFG: Systemic Functional Grammar Conventions I (1-313): All the images in the data for this present research are clearly numbered from to 313 and included in Appendix A For example, [I207] means the image [I-207] as indicated in Appendix A [ I-207] - Boldface is used to mark the first use of technical terms - Italics is used for examples, emphasis, and technical terms - Underlined words are used to mark the use of what is being illustrated For example: a One day my prince will come and rescuse me! b Obey me, or I will kill you and your family! => The words ―come, rescue, and kill‖ above are underlined to depict the use of the verbal text in Material processes CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1.1 RATIONALE In the recent decades, comics have been one of the major interesting research subjects which we can use to tell our children about the wonderfully imaginative story through the images and texts; they play an important role in our lives and they show a source of messages in creating the imaginary world for the children and sharing the dominant values of a society Throughout reading comics and understanding the meanings of different comics, we actually experience the different cultures and characters around the world Especially, each comic is usually structured with a happy ending for a good figure and the bad character being punished Moreover, a comic is a great source of additional material for the children or the people who not know how to read and write via images It may help to enhance their creative imagination which is regarded as an essential preparation for our future success Thus, comics constitute a significant instrument of entertainment Colorful images, meaningful contents and the variety of characters make reading generally more congenial and create a profound impression on young generations as well; therefore, they can feel relaxed Each image of a comic contains many kinds of various meanings when we see and observe it from multimodal perspectives Jewitt (2007) argued that a multimodal perspective on texts attends to linguistic resources (speech and writing) as a part of a multimodal ensemble in which resources are organized, designed and orchestrated to realize curriculum knowledge and pedagogic relations All of these perspectives are important and grow our understanding of the comics The goal of our perspectives is to demonstrate the varied way one can read, interpret and view a comic We want to collect the valuable perspective on many different facets of comic If we look at the picture and discover the images containing many different meanings, our impressive ability about the pictures is completely different Images alone may not show clearly the intended meaning , so texts are a useful means for us to understand the full meaning of the writer‘s message Kress and Van Leeuwen (2006) present that the common view of the function of images as ‗illustration‘ and ‗explanation‘ would be that the accompanying verbal text explains what is not made clear visually Thus, each story has a different storyline and different images that the author wants to express a national culture or that nation‘s customs, directing people to life‘s values through our own perception of the world around us, especially children One of wonderfully comic stories by simple words and vivid image is Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs by which children may approach the sense of experience from a multi-modal perspective with ease Maybe, they perceive the plot in the experiential sense from a multimodal point of view via identifying the verbal components and visual languages in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs comic It could be a fact that the verbal text and visual texts can be interpreted in various ways by different people In the course of my research into comics, I have found that there has not been much experiential meaning study in the comic book Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs Therefore, I decided to the research on the topic ―A study on experiential meaning in “Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs” from multimodal perspective” 1.2 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 1.2.1 Aim of the study The aim of the study was to investigate the experiential meaning in the verbal texts and the visual images in the comic story ―Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs‖ from multimodal perspective based on ―Systemic Functional Grammar‖ originated by M.A.K Halliday (2004) and ―The Grammar of visual design” formulated by Gunther Kress and Theo van Leeuwen (2006) 1.2.2 Objectives To achieve the stated aim, the objectives of the present study are as follows: - To identify and describe the experiential meaning conveyed in the verbal texts the To identify and describe the experiential meaning embodied in images 1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS In order to fulfill the objectives above, the thesis focuses on two research questions as follows: How are the experiential meaning communicated verbally and visually in ―Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs‖ comic? What is the occurrence frequency of process types used in these verbal and visual communications? 1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY This study particularly focuses on the only data ―Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs” comic served for the work Moreover, the study is just on the experiential meaning, leaving the other two meanings, the interpersonal and textual, untouched 1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY In this paper, the great triumph in applying the two major theories enables us to understand experiential meaning in both texts and images via multimodal perspective from the comic story Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs The study provides the parents of the young with useful knowledge to help their children build the life basic skills from the imaginary world to the real one around reading and understanding visually clear meanings in images In addition, the findings of the study about the experiential meaning in text would be a valuable contribution for seeking out meaning of a comic story which is not made clear in images Hopefully, the study is found to be useful for those who need to research on experiential meaning as well as those who are interested in studying comics from multimodal perspectives 1.6 ORGANIZATION OF THE THESIS The thesis consists of five chapters - Chapter one, Introduction, presents rationale of the study, aim and objectives of the study, research questions, scope of the study, significance of the study, and organization of the thesis - Chapter two, Literature review, comprises the review of literature of the established theories, the empirical studies and previous studies related to the research area - Chapter three, Methodology and Procedures, outlines the research methods and procedures of the study It also shows the methods utilized to collect the data as well as to conduct the research Chapter four, Findings and Discussion, presents the author‘s findings of the experiential meaning in the verbal texts as well as the visual images in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs comic - Chapter five, Conclusions, summarizes the main findings which satisfy the research questions, presents implications and limitations of the study, and shows suggestions for further research of the study 67 Figure 4.25 Circumstance of Setting [I-31] Figure 4.26 Circumstance of Setting [I-71] Figure 4.27 shows Circumstance of Setting in the house where there are beds, a door, animals, and Snow white; Figure 4.28 shows two Dwarfs and the floor, which are described by Circumstance of Means In Figure 4.28, Means is the lamb as a tool used for helping Snow White see something clearer when she came in the house Figure 4.29 in next page shows the tool or pickaxe as Means which the Dwarf is holding in his hands Moreover, Figure 4.29 shows three kinds of Circumstances The first kind is Circumstance of Setting which illustrates the picture of the house including the door and the floor The second is Circumstance of Means which is a tool the characters are holding such as the lamb and the pickaxe The last 68 circumstance is the Accompaniment There has no vector among the Dwarfs Especially, Dopey is hiding under Sleepy; Dopey forms two distinct characters It is called Accompaniment Figure 4.29 Accompaniment [I-117] 4.1.2.3 Summary In conclusion, Narrative and Conceptual processes were found in the analysis of experiential meaning conveyed in the visual data They account for approximately 97% and just more than % respectively Narrative structures are the processes formed by the vectors from which the participants participate in doing There are four main processes: Actional processes, Reactional processes, Verbal processes and Mental processes Besides, Conceptual processes are the representational structures which represents the participants in term of class, or meaning Analytical processes and Symbolic processes were found to operate in the data No classificational processes were found in the visual data There were cases of Circumstance of Setting, Means, and Accompaniment in the data A large proportion of Circumstance of Setting and Circumstance of Means go with all the types of Narrative processes, whereas Accompaniments are less frequently used 4.2 DISCUSSION We have studied the experiential meaning in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs comic by examining 327 main clauses in the verbal text and 313 69 images in the visual language The results show the number of significant findings Verbally, the analysis based on Systemic Functional Grammar by Halliday (2004) show that all of the six types of processes are used in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs comic: Material, Relational, Mental, Existential, Verbal and Behavior Material processes make up a large number of the text with approximately 50%, followed by Relational processes, accounting for less than 40% Mental processes take a smaller number of just more than 10%, Verbal and Existential processes take up a much small number of frenquency in the data, accounting for just from 2% to 3% There was no case of Behavior processes found in the verbal texts The findings revealed that Material processes are mainly used for the actions and events in the text The characters in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs comic are the participants who or which play an important role in the Material processes, function as an Actor or a Goal Like Actor, the other participant is Agent and like Goal, Range also is used in the texts The participants found in the texts include Snow White, the queen, the Prince, the animals, the entity in our natural world such as the forest, the path, the house that play an important role as Actor, Goal, Agent, and Range in the data One of the possibilities for the language use in the story is that the author wants to convey the participant‘s information to children reading comic story Human beings always love their own life, have fun together, and live in their natural harmony like Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs Young children may be encouraged to learn and follow the participants, then, positively change their own thoughts and obey their parents more Besides, the other participant appearing in the comic is the bad character who is always jealous and selfish like a witch, the queen, etc The children may draw their 70 own experiences; they should not make negative things for everyone around and expand their life skills or language via reading verbal comic Moreover, the findings suggest that Circumstantials are the additional elements that go with all of the verbal processes They are used to supply more information for the processes The circumstantails of Location account for 93% Circumstance of Manner, and Circumstance of Cause are less frequently used, with 4% and 3% respectively However, Extent, contingency, accompaniment, role, matter and angle are not used in the text This suggests that the writer only focuses on the description the plot of the story by indicating Location of space and Location of time Location of space is about not only the existence and the habitat of the participants as a castle, a river, a stream, a forest, a road, etc it is also where the actions and events take place such as Snow White runs in the forest or the queen pretends to be an old woman coming to the Seven Dwarfs‘ house to kill Snow White, for example On the contrary, the author expresses Location of time of the data via some adverbs such as once upon a time, until now, and then to analyze the data in the story Maybe, the writer wants to reflect the social reality in comic through the existence of time Visually, the investigation into the experiential meaning of the images in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs comic via Visual Grammar originated by Kress & Leeuwen (2006) shows that both Narrative and Conceptual processes operate in the visual texts The present findings also suggest that a significant number of Narrative processes are used whereas a much smaller number of Conceptual structures are used in the images (approxiamtely 97% versus more than 3%) In Narrative processes, four processes including Actional, Reactional, Verbal and Mental processes are present in the visual data The percentages of Actional and Reactional of Narrative processes 71 account for 32% and 31.1% respectively The main participants of Actional processes are Actor and Goal In Actional processes, a large number of the primary characters in the data such as Snow White, the queen, the prince, the Dwarfs function as an Actor or a Goal Actors and Goals may be emanated with the participant's vector Perhaps, those vectors are perceived by different people Behind each image, it contains many different meanings, depending on how each person views that image Maybe each image is very well-educational about the life and may help children express their creativity and show your imagination about the society in the past, present and future around them In Reactional processes, Reacter and phenomenon are used with the Reactional processes A large number of the Reacter show the direction of glance at something without phenomenon The Sayer (approximately 30%) is the main participant of verbal processes Mental processes account for just less than 4.0 % Each picture has a Sayer and an Utterance existence or more However, the results of finding also suggest that the images have the Utterance inside without Sayer Because the author may perhaps not want the Sayer to put Utterance inside the images, the writer wants readers to feel for themselves about the indirect participant's volume, participant's tone or emotions It is possible for everyone to feel the participant 's utterances through the character's emotional expression in the image Unlike Narrative processes, only two processes including Analytical and Symbolic in Conceptual processes were found in the images No Classificational processes are in the Conceptual processes Our finding revealed that Analytical processes and Symbolic processes account for just less than 3.0 % and 1.0% respectively Thus, it can be seen that Conceptual process is at low volume in the experiential meaning in Snow White and the 72 Seven Dwarfs comic Comics are often a text that describes and expresses ideas visually because comics are mostly for children Therefore, they have very few Analytical or Symbolic processes They are often educational for children; they increase their cognition, expand their imagination, and promote their creativity, and help them explore the world around them In addition, in order to shed more light on the experiential meaning in the images, the study was also on Circumstances It was found that Setting, Means and Accompaniment are used in the images Circumstance of Setting make up a large proportion whereas Accompaniment takes the smallest one with 46.1% and 0.5% respectively Circumstance of Means are less frequently used than Setting of Circumstances by 10% To summarize, this chapter presents the analysis of the multimodal text in the term of the experiential meaning in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs comic The theoretical frameworks of Halliday (2004) and Kress & Leeuwen (2006) were employed for the study Along with the results of the study is the discussion of the findings The next chapter is the concluding chapter in which the study is summarized and the implication of the study as well as suggestions for further studies is presented 73 CHAPTER CONCLUSIONS This chapter is the final sector that summarizes the main findings of the study discussed and ddescribed in detail in the previous chapter Then, it presents some limitations, implications as well as some suggestions on further research of the study Lastly, conclusion of the entire study is presented at the end 5.1 Conclusions With the purpose of exploring the experiential meaning communicated in the multimodal texts in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs comic, the study applied Systemic Functional Grammar formulated by Halliday (2004) and the Grammar of Visual Design originated by Kress and Leeuwen‘s Visual Grammar (2006) for the analysis of the data With regard to respond to the first question, ―How are the experiential meaning communicated verbally and visually in “Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs” comic, the analysis of the experiential meaning in the multimodal text was focused on the 327 main clauses and 313 images in the collected data Verbally, the main findings illustrate that Material and Relational processes are mainly used by the writer to express the activities and the participants conducting the action and show the inner and the outer experience of the world of the characters This means that main important clauses in the multimodal text are usually focused on the physical action of the characters taking part in the action or events Furthermore, Circumstances of Location showing time and place are more frequently used than the other types in the data Thus, it can be seen that the writer tends to focus on depicting the plot of story about the time when the action or event happens or where they happen Visually, the investigation into the 313 images shows that Narrative 74 processes are mainly used for illustrating the primary physical action which the participants take part in Also the findings indicate that non- transactional, transactional action, and unidirectional transactional action operate in both Actional and Reaction processes in narrative structures Moreover, verbal processes represent the participants‘ speeches and thoughts in the conversation carried out from the images of the data The bubble of the speeches of the characters appears inside or outside the images In addition, Analytical and Symbolic processes are two main processes of Conceptual processes identified and found in the data While Analytical processes usually express the part or the whole of the process that the character show in the visual issues, Symbolic process display meaning and identity from the character‘s mood or atmosphere discovered in the images Moreover, Circumstances of Location in the images are focused on Settings of Time and Place Circumstances of Means were also found in the data In respond to the second research question, “What is the occurrence frequency of process types used in these verbal and visual communications?”, it was found that the five types of processes are used in the data including Material, Relational, Mental, Existential, and Verbal Material processes make up the largest proportion with 47% The finding suggests that a large number of actions are carried out by the participants or characters in the story It can be seen that Actor, Goal, Agent, Range, Recipient and Client are the main participants or characters Relational processes account for more than 37% Relational processes are used less than Material process by 10% This suggests that Relation processes are used for characterizing and identifying the characters or the entities in terms of the emotions, moods and characteristics Mental processes take a smaller number with approximately 11% It can be seen that all of the four sub-types in Mental processes, namely 75 Cognition, Perception, Desideration and Emotion were found in the data Main characters are Senser and Phenomenon Both Existential and Verbal processes are the least frequently used in the verbal text in the collected data, accounting for just more than 3% and 1%, respectively This suggests that the existent and verbal actions of the participants or entities in the data are less common in the verbal text in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs comic Behavior processes were not found in the analysis of the verbal text Moreover, to supply more information about the time, place and the ways that the events or activities happen, Circumstance of time and place are used with the highest rate of over 90% Interestingly, the circumstance of Manner and Cause take up the smallest percentages of 4% and 3% respectively For the investigation into the frequency of occurrence of processes in the 313 images in the comic Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, we used the visual structures for the analysis of the images It can be seen that the frequency of occurrence of Narrative processes take the highest rate in the visual language and the frequency of occurrence of Conceptual structures is the smallest rate in the images accounting for approximately 97% and more than 3% respectively This suggests that the results of this investigation show that Actional, Reactional, and Verbal of Narrative processes are the dominant processes in the data with 32%, more than 30% and approximately 30% respectively Mental processes Mental processes achieve the smallest rate of the four processes with approximately 4% In addition, Analytical and Symbolic processes are used in the collected work, accounting for 2.7% and 0.6% respectively; however, there were no cases of Classificational processes found in the data This suggests that Analytical and Symbolic processes only describe the participants‘ appearance 76 or characteristics The visual analysis also presents the other participants which use the means of the vectors They are called Circumstances Setting and Means account for the highest rates with more than 46 % and 36% respectively Accompaniment receive the smallest percentages with 0.5% in the frequency of occurrence in the comic story Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs Important conclusions drawn from this work are the strong resemblance in the refrequency of occurrence in the analysis of the experiential meaning between the verbal text and the visual images in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs comic In two values, actions and events were found with a large number of rates of the frequency of occurence in Material processes in the verbal text and Actional processes in the visual images Besides, Circumstances in both verbal texts and visual images are used for adding more information about time and place in which the participants take part in the activities 5.2 Implications This result of the study completely contributes to the research on the experiential meaning of the verbal text and the visual images in the comic story Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs via SFG formulated by Halliday (2004) and Visual Grammar developed by Kress & Leeuwen (2006) The areas of this study might have important contributions to a better understanding of the content of the plot of the comic story through the simple structures in verbal texts and illustrations of the words through images It is obvious that in the world more and more comic stories are used the simple text and images With the verbal texts, we only look at the processes of the clauses in the comic This is to help us understand the content through the verbal text When we look at the vectors, they help us to guess 77 the meaning of the words basing on the images For example, the meaning of the words ―ran down‖ in the sentence of the comic ―So, they ran down the stairs‖, ‗ran down‘ is the process of the sentence, we recognize the meaning of that process, we can understand the meaning of the action running down somewhere, whereas the meaning of the words ‗forest‘ is realized by looking at the images which there are many trees, the stones, the animals, many birds showing forest in the comic The findings of the study play a significant role for those who use the verbal texts and images in reading the comic story It helps everyone own a good understanding of verbal text and visual semiotics This may be a useful tool for reading skills of the comic story since readers can predict the situations and knowledge related to the verbal text and the visual language Thus, this study proves that images and texts plays an important role in point of the ways of reading comics through the experiential meaning 5.3 Limitations of the study Due to the limitations of time and space, the study cannot entirely avoid the shortcomings The study only concentrates on the experiential meaning of the verbal text and the visual images Firstly, the research only investigated the experiential meaning of the verbal text through the main clauses in the comic story applied the framework theory of Halliday (2004) for the work Secondly, the analysis of the visual images was just focused on the main processes Lastly, this study does not focus on the relationship between the verbal text and the visual language when we study the experientail meaning in the comic story Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs Therefore, it does not certainly cover the other meanings in the comic 5.4 Suggestions for further research It is recommended that further research be undertaken in the following 78 areas Further reseach should therefore concentrates on the investigation of the experiential meaning of the verbal text in the subordinate clauses from Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs comic An investigation into the relationship of the experiential meaning between the verbal text and the visual images need conducting Moreover, an examination of the ideational meaning in the comic should be carried out 79 REFERENCES Halliday, M.A.K (2004) An introduction to functional grammar (3rd ed.) 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London: Continuum Jaffe, M (2018) Worth a Thousand Words: Using Graphic Novels to teach Visual and verbal Literacy Christa Sütterlin et al (2014) Art as Behaviour - An ethological Approach to visual and verbal art, music and architecture Demetra Pitta-Pantazi et al (2013) Spatial visualizers, object visualizers and veralizers: thier mathermatical creative abilities Unsworth, Leonard, Cheirigh, and Chris (2009) The Routledge Handbook of Multimodal Analysis, p 151-163 Painter & Unsworth (2014) Reading Visual Narratives: Image Analysis of Children's Picture Books 80 Painter.(2013) Reading Visual Narratives: Image Analysis of Children's Picture Books Vu, T P.T (2018) Teacher‟s Reflections on the Visual Resources in English Textbooks for Vietnamese Lower Secondary Schools Damanik (2017) An analysis of experiential meaning in poetry “William Wordsworth” Unsworth, L.,& Ngo,T T B (2014) The role of images in Vietnamese textbooks for teaching of English as a Foreign Language Ngôn Ngữ & Đời sống,11(229) 2014 Unsworth (2014) Interfacing visual and Verbal Narrative Art in Paper and Digital Media: Recontextualizing Literature and Literacies Nguyen, T Pha Mi (2018) English short comics for kids from a multimodal discourse analysis perspective Quy Nhon University, Quy Nhon Vo, T Thao Thu (2018) Visual and Attitudinal resources in Topic Introduction images and Storytelling images in English textbooks for kids (Unpublished M A Thesis), Quy Nhon University, Quy Nhon Nguyen, T Phuong.Thao (2018) Visual and Evaluative meanings in Fifty English Film posters (Unpublished M A Thesis), Quy Nhon University, Quy Nhon APPENDICES APPENDIX A: THE DATA - TEXTS AND ATTENDANT IMAGES ( See the CD attached ) APPENDIX B: A SAMPLE ANALYSIS ( See the CD attached ) APPENDIX C: RAW STATISTICS OF THE ANALYSIS ( See the CD attached ) ... actions, reaction can be transactional and non-transactional In the case, the reaction in a non- 24 transactional process has no Phenomenon, but reactional transactional process was Phenomenon... or intructions) and exclamative (used for exclamation) However, we only concentrated on investigating 313 images and 327 main clauses and analyzed the experiential meaning in the texts and images... experiential meaning study in the comic book Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs Therefore, I decided to the research on the topic ? ?A study on experiential meaning in “Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs” from