SUMMARY REPORT Online survey on behavioural and social drivers of COVID-19 vaccination June 2021 CONTENT BACKGROUND & METHODOLOGY EXECUTIVE SUMMARY SURVEY’S FINDINGS BACKGROUND, METHODOLOGY & DEMOGRAPHICS BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE BACKGROUND • For the successful roll-out of Covid 19 vaccination programme, it is vital for Viet Nam to understand its people’s knowledge, attitudes and practices in relation to the vaccine Gathering and using quality data on the behavioural and social drivers of vaccination will enable Viet Nam’s programmes to design, target, and evaluate interventions, to achieve greater impact with more efficiency, and to examine and understand trends • UNICEF Viet Nam cooperates with Ministry of Health (MOH) to conduct a quick online survey on VnExpress - the most popular online newspaper in Viet Nam OBJECTIVE to understand public intentions/concerns of COVID-19 vaccine in order to plan, implement and evaluate the communication interventions supporting COVID-19 vaccine deployment in Viet Nam ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS • UNICEF Viet Nam gratefully acknowledges the support of the Australian Government for the survey and throughout the project • UNICEF Viet Nam is thankful to: o Dr Tran Thu Nguyet, Department for Communication, Emulation and Award, MOH and Ms Joy Rivaca Caminade, Technical Officer, Risk Communication, WHO in Viet Nam for the technical inputs o Assoc Prof PhD Luong Chi Mai, Institute of Information Technology, Viet Nam Academy of Science and Technology, and the DATASET.VN team: Nguyen Dinh Mau, Tran Thuy Anh, Nguyen Thuy Hien, Nguyen Hoang Thuong Thao, Nguyen Phuong Thao for the support in survey data processing Reference: www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-2019-nCoV-vaccination-demand-planning-2021.1 Data for action: achieving high uptake of COVID-19 vaccines - A guidebook for immunization programmes and implementing partners SURVEY DESIGN OVERVIEW METHODOLOGY Data collection: Online Platform: PC and smartphone interfaces of VnExpress (popular online newspapers in Viet Nam, monthly users - 34.7 million, monthly page views - 510 million) RESPONDENT QUALIFICATION Public 38,774 people participated; 38,506 completed the online questionnaire (from 63 provinces) TIMING 7-16 May 2021 SAMPLE DISTRIBUTION Total: 38,506 survey’s respondents from 63 provinces ETHNICITY Muong 0.7% AGE Over 65 1% GENDER Under 18 1% 18-34 32% 35-65 66% Vietnamese Chinese 1.3% H’Mong Thai 0.3% 0.3% Tay 0.9% Khmer 0.2% Others 0.7% Female 36% Male 64% Kinh 95.6% SAMPLE DISTRIBUTION (cont.) Total: 38,506 survey’s respondents from 63 provinces 10 PROVINCES HAVING HIGHEST PERCENT OF SURVEY' RESPONDENTS HIGHEST EDUCATION LEVEL Others, 21% Secondary, 1% PhD, 3% Can Tho, 1% Ho Chi Minh City, 38% Khanh Hoa, 1% Primary, 1% High school, 12% Bac Ninh, 1% Hai Phong, 2% Master, 14% Ba Ria-Vung Tau, 2% Binh Duong, 2% Da Nang, 2% University and College, 69% Dong Nai, 2% Hanoi, 28% EXECUTIVE SUMMARY EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (1) Vaccine confidence • There is a very high rate of confidence that vaccine is the most important solution in preventing people and community from COVID19: 98% of total 38,506 survey’s respondents are confident in getting vaccine to protect themselves and 93% are confident that vaccine can protect their community • However, there is a high level of concerns about serious reaction of COVID vaccine Only 13% of respondents are not concerned at all while 44% rate it at moderate and very concerned levels Vaccine intention • 67% of respondents said they would receive a Covid-19 vaccine if the vaccine is available and they are advised/recommended by medical professionals EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (2) Information needs • Most of respondents would like to have more information about: ‘Risks of reactions’ (74%), ‘Health care/treatment in case of having reactions after COVID-19 vaccination’ (70%), and ‘Types of vaccine’ (65%) • Ministry of Health and doctor at health facilities are considered the most reliable sources of information (MOH - 56%, doctor - 18%) • Among printed media and digital types of materials, infographic (disseminated online) and video clip, including short clips via social media are considered the sources of information that people feel easy to engage (infographic – 30%, video – 26%, short video – 20%) COVID-19 vaccine – reliable information source (2) • MOH as reliable source: Percentage of female respondents is higher than male Percentage of respondents in 18-34 age group is highest among age groups Doctor as reliable source: Percentage of male respondents is higher than female Percentage of respondents in 35-65 age group and group of under 18 are higher than others • Gender 59.3% 53.8% 18.5% 16.8% 7.4% 5.7% 0.5% 0.1% 0.9% 0.3% 3.6% 3.5% 2.8% 0.5% 0.1% 3.3% Male 6.0% 0.6% 0.3% 2.9% 3.4% 4.0% Female Doctor at health center/ hospital Age Commune health worker Village health worker 59.8% 54.0% 53.0% Internet 45.0% Social media (Facebook, Zalo, etc.) Messaging apps (SMS, Zalo, Viber, Facebook messenger, etc.) TV/ Radio 19.7% 19.1% 7.5% 4.1% 3.4%2.8% 1.3%0.3% 0.9% 2.2%0.9% Newspaper, incl online 18.1% 15.3% MOH 6.9% 4.3% 3.6% 0.8%0.3% 0.4%0.1% 3.6%2.6% 6.9% 3.1% 0.8%0.3% 5.1% 0.5%0.1% 3.5%3.6% 6.5% 6.2% 4.7% 2.5% 1.2%0.7% 0.3% 5.5% 3.5% Other governmental offices Family member/ friend Under 18 18-34 35-65 Over 65 COVID-19 vaccine – type of material needs (1) Infographic and video clip are considered the most accessible materials Summary (N = 38,506) 30% 26% 20% 16% 8% 9% 7% 4% Leaflet Poster Booklet (FAQs) Medical book/journal Video clip Short video on social media Radio spot Infographic on social media, web COVID-19 vaccine – type of material needs (2) • • Male respondents want to have infographic more than female, but female respondents want to receive information via video clip, including short videos on social media more than male Different age groups have different preferences of materials: Respondents in the group of age under 35 choose infographic, short videos on social media and video clip Group of respondents in 35-65 age group choose video clip, infographic and short videos on social media and Group of respondents over 65 choose video clip, medical book/ journal and infographic Gender 30% 21% 19% 16% 16% 9% 10% 8% 8% 29% 27% 25% 7% 4% 7% 3% Male 40% Female Age 33% 25% 24% 25% 27% 26% 23% 16% 8% 8% 17% 7% 7% 7% 9% 7% Under 18 Poster Booklet (FAQs) 18-34 Medical book/ journal 15% 13% 12% 10% 10% 8% 5% Leaflet 17% 14% 13% 12% 25% 7% 4% 4% Video clip 35-65 Short video on social media Over 65 Radio spot Infographic COVID-19 vaccine – decision autonomy • • • • Most respondents can decide to get the vaccine themselves, except the group of age under 18 Male respondents’ decision to get vaccine is more affected by spouse/partners than female Group of age from 18-34 have self-decision more than other groups The decision of getting vaccine in the group of age from 35-65 is more affected by spouse/partners than other groups Summary (N = 38,506) 77% 18% 3% Me My spouse/ partner 1% 0.4% My parents or inlaws My children Someone else Age Gender 82% 79% 77% 76% 73% 47% 37% 22% 20% 2% 0.3% 1% Male Me 17% 16% My spouse/ partner 4% 5% 0.4% 1% My children Someone else 6% 1.8% Under 18 Female My parents or in-laws 9% 11% Me 0.2% 1% 18-34 My spouse/ partner My parents or in-laws 1% 0.3% 1% 35-65 My children 2% 3.8% Over 65 Someone else 4% COVID-19 vaccine – family norms • • • Summary (N = 38,506) More than 60% of respondents said their families and friends would encourage them to get vaccine One third of the respondents said they are not sure if their families would want them to that Percentage of male respondents is higher than female Percentage of respondents in 35-65 age group is highest among other groups Percentage of respondents in the group under 18 is lowest 63% 30% 7% Yes No Gender Not sure Age 66% 65% 60% 59% 60% 48% 41% 33% 32% 28% 6% Male Yes No Not sure 8% 11% Female Under 18 29% 26% 14% 8% 6% 18-34 35-65 Yes No Not sure Over 65 COVID-19 vaccine – descriptive social norms Summary (N = 38,506) • More than 50% of respondents think most adults they know will get a COVID-19 vaccine if it is recommended to them • Percentage of male respondents agreeing is higher than female • Percentage of respondents in 35-65 age group is highest among other groups, percentage of respondents in the group under 18 is lowest 54% 33% 13% Yes No Gender Not Sure Age 56% 54% 53% 49% 48% 41% 40% 35% 19% 12% Male Female Yes No Not Sure 17% 15% 15% Under 18 35% 34% 32% 32% 12% 18-34 35-65 Yes No Not Sure Over 65 COVID-19 vaccine – safe to travel Summary (N = 38,506) More than 60% of respondents don’t think getting a COVID-19 vaccine will allow them to safely travel again 64% 22% 14% Yes No Not sure Age Gender 64% 64% 63% 64% 59% 57% 23% 22% 20% 21% 17% 15% 13% Male Female Yes No Not sure 24% 22% 21% Under 18 18-34 35-65 Yes 17% 14% No Not sure Over 65 COVID-19 vaccine – confidence in providers Summary (N = 38,506) • Nearly 70% of respondents trust at high levels in health staff/vaccination service providers who will give them Covid-19 vaccine • Respondents in group of age from 35-65 trust more than the others; respondents in the group of age over 65 trust least 47% 26% 21% 6% Not at all A little Moderately Very much Age Gender 48% 48% 45% 44% 44% 40% 30% 26% 25% 29% 25% 25% 20% 19% 6% Male 6% Female Not at all A little Moderately Very much 19% 13% 11% 6% 23% 21% 21% Under 18 5% 18-34 Not at all 35-65 A little Moderately Very much Over 65 Preventive appropriate behaviors after COVID-19 vaccination (1) Summary (N = 38,506) Almost all respondents think the COVID vaccinated person need to keep practicing COVID key preventive behaviors 98% 2% Gender Age 99% 97% 98% 92% 3% 1% Male Female Yes No 8% Under 18 98% 93% 2% 2% 18-34 35-65 Yes No 7% Over 65 Preventive appropriate behaviors after COVID-19 vaccination (2) • • Nearly 90% of respondents agree that the COVID vaccinated person need to keep practicing all key COVID preventive behaviors recommended by MOH ‘Wearing face mask’ seems to be more important than ‘maintaining physical distancing’ Summary (N = 38,506) 88% 44% Wearing face mask 41% Hand washing with soap or sanitization 35% 36% 37% Maintaining a physical distancing (recommended 2m) Not gathering (with a lot of people, ‘crowded’) Health declaration (when travelling) All of above behaviors Preventive appropriate behaviors after COVID-19 vaccination (3) Gender • • Percentage of female respondents who agree to keep practicing key COVID preventive behaviors is higher than male Percentage of respondents in 35-65 age group is highest among age groups ‘Wearing face mask’ seems to be more important with respondents in the group of age from 18-34 and over 65 While ‘maintaining physical distancing’ is less important in the group of respondents under 18 and 35-65 89% 87% 44% 42% 35% 36% 42% 37% 40% 33% Male 35% 36% Female Age Wearing face mask 87% 86% 81% 80% Hand washing with soap or sanitization Maintaining a physical distancing (recommended 2m) 45% 38% 34% 31% 32% 29% 43% 39% 36% 37% 41% 44% 39% 33% 34% 35% 41% 37% 38% 36% Not gathering (with a lot of people, ‘crowded’) Health declaration (when travelling) All of above behaviors Under 18 18-34 35-65 Over 65 COVID-19 vaccine – made-up and/or negative information (1) Summary (N = 38,506) • 17% of respondents (6,674 people) said they have seen or heard/read made-up and/or negative information (information without evidences, information from untrusted or unofficial sources) about COVID-19 vaccines • Male respondents have seen more negative information more than female Respondents in the group of age from 35 to 65 have seen a little more than others 83% 17% Yes Gender No Age 85% 83% 87% 84% 82% 80% 20% 15% 13% Male Female Yes No Under 18 18% 17% 18-34 35-65 Yes No 16% Over 65 COVID-19 vaccine – made-up and/or negative information (2) • Most of 6,674 respondents who have seen or heard/read madeup and/or negative information about COVID-19 vaccines said they had it from social media and web • Male respondents have seen negative information from social media and web more than female • Respondents in the group of age from 18-34 have seen more than others while respondents in the group of age over 65 have seen the least Summary (N = 6,674) 58% 20% 16% 15% 15% Family or friends Messaging apps 8% 1% Social media Online newspaper Gender Television Radio Web Age 65% 58% 57% 55% 51% 38% 22% 22% 16% 13% 16% 14% 18% 13% 16% 14% 10%10% 6% 9% 6% 1% 1% Male Female 21% 18% 15% 15% 20% 16% 14%15% 7% 5% 0% 1% Under 18 18-34 35-65 Online newspaper 13% 19% 15% 15% 9% 1% Social media 21% Television Radio Family or friends Over 65 Messaging apps Web COVID-19 vaccine – made-up and/or negative information (3) Summary (N = 6,674) • 44% of 6,674 respondents who have seen or heard/read made-up and/or negative information about COVID-19 vaccines said they have shared/discussed those information, either online, on social media and or in-person • Male respondents have shared/discussed more than female have • Respondents in the group of age over 65 have shared/discussed the most while respondents in the group of age under 18 have shared/discussed the least 56% 44% Yes Gender Age 62% 61% 57% 54% 46% No 44% 56% 44% 38% Female Yes 56% 43% 39% Male No Under 18 18-34 35-65 Yes No Over 65 Thank you ©UNICEF Viet Nam\Kindness is contagious campaign ... UNICEF Viet Nam cooperates with Ministry of Health (MOH) to conduct a quick online survey on VnExpress - the most popular online newspaper in Viet Nam OBJECTIVE to understand public intentions/concerns... partners SURVEY DESIGN OVERVIEW METHODOLOGY Data collection: Online Platform: PC and smartphone interfaces of VnExpress (popular online newspapers in Viet Nam, monthly users - 34.7 million, monthly... - 510 million) RESPONDENT QUALIFICATION Public 38,774 people participated; 38,506 completed the online questionnaire (from 63 provinces) TIMING 7-16 May 2021 SAMPLE DISTRIBUTION Total: 38,506