KHỐI 10 - 7 NĂM-HKII-GV

WORD FORM: TỪ LOẠI ùùù I CÁCH NHẬN BIẾT TỪ LOẠI: - Dựa vào tiền tố hậu tố danh từ, tính từ, động từ trạng từ thường gặp TIỀN/HẬU TỐ CỦA DANH TỪ (N) TIỀN/HẬU TỐ CỦA TÍNH TỪ (A) TIỀN/HẬU TỐ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ (V) * Tiền tố: * Tiền tố: * Tiền tố: - SUPER (trên)-/UNDER (dưới) /SUR (trên)-/SUB- UN-/IN-/IM-/IR-/IL-/DIS- + (dưới)/OVER-(trên) + N  có nghĩa “khơng”) EN-/DIS-(khơng) /MIS – (nhầm) /RE-(lặp lại) /OVER (trên)-/UNDER(dưới) /OUT-(vượt quá) + ADJ  ADJ (các tiền tố N TRẠNG TỪ (AV) VV * Hậu tố: * Hậu tố: -FUL -FY - SION -LESS (nghĩa “khơng”) -IZE, -ISE -MENT - (noun)-Y (có nhiều) -EN -NESS -ATE -SHIP - (noun)-LY (có vẻ, hàng ngày) -(I)TY/CY/RY -ISH -ER (chỉ người) - (noun)-AL (thuộc về) -OR (chỉ người) -OUS -IST (chỉ người) -IVE -AR/-ANT/-EE (chỉ người) -IC -ENCE/-ANCE -ABLE -ING -ANT/ENT * Hậu tố: - TION/ -ATION * Hậu tố: - LY (trừ friendly, lovely, lively … tính từ) -AGE -ISM (chủ nghĩa) (verb)-AL -TH Lưu ý: Một số TRẠNG TỪ ĐẶC BIỆT cần ghi nhớ: - good (a)  well (adv): giỏi, tốt - late (a)  late / lately (adv): trễ, chậm/ gần - ill (a)  ill (adv): xấu, tồi, - fast (a)  fast (adv): nhanh - hard (a)  hard (adv): tích cực, vất vả, chăm hardly (adv): không II CHỨC NĂNG CỦA MỘT SỐ TỪ LOẠI: A DANH TỪ (NOUN) Sau tính từ (adj + N) They are interesting books Sau - mạo từ: a /an / the He is a student - từ định: this, that, these, those, every, each, … These flowers are beautiful - từ số lượng: many, some, few, little, several She needs some water - tính từ sở hữu: my, his, her, your, our, their, its… Sau ngoại động từ (V cần O) She buys books She meets a lot of people Sau giới từ (prep + N) He talked about the story yesterday He is interested in music Trước V chia (N làm chủ từ) The main has just arrived Sau enough I don’t have enough money to buy that house (enough + N) B TÍNH TỪ (ADJ) Trước Danh từ (Adj + N) This is an interesting books Sau TO BE I am tired Sau: become, get, look, feel, taste, smell, seem, keep, make, sound … It becomes hot She feels sad Sau trạng từ (adv + adj): extremely (cực kỳ), It is extremely cold completely (hoàn toàn), really (thực sự), terribly, I’m terribly sorry very, quite, rather, … She is very beautiful A, an, the, this, that, his, her, their, my, Lan’s … + My new car is blue (Adj) + Noun Trong câu cảm thán: - How + adj + S + V How beautiful the girl is! - Wht + (a / an) + adj + N What an interesting film! C TRẠNG TỪ (ADV) Sau V thường He drove carefully Trước Adj I meet an extremely handsome man Giữa cụm V She has already finished the job Đầu câu trước dấu phẩy Unfortunately, I couldn’t come the party IRREGULAR VERBS: BẢNG ĐỘNG TỪ BẤT QUY TẮC Hiện (present) Quá khứ (past) Phân từ (past participle) Nghĩa Meaning Vo V2 V3 be was/were been thì, là, bị become became become trở nên begin began begun bắt đầu blow blew blown thổi break broke broken đập vỡ bring brought brought mang đến build built built xây dựng burn burnt/burned burnt/burned đốt, cháy buy bought bought mua catch caught caught bắt, chụp choose chose chosen chọn, lựa come came come đến, đến cost cost cost có giá cut cut cut cắt, chặt dream dreamt/ dreamed dreamt/ dreamed mơ thấy drink drank drunk uống drive drove driven lái xe eat ate eaten ăn fall fell fallen ngã; rơi feed fed fed cho ăn; ăn; nuôi; feel felt felt cảm thấy fight fought fought chiến đấu find found found tìm thấy; thấy fly flew flown bay forget forgot forgotten quên freeze froze frozen (làm) đông lại get got got/ gotten có give gave given cho go went gone grow grew grown mọc; trồng hear heard heard nghe hide hid hidden giấu; trốn; nấp hit hit hit đụng keep kept kept giữ know knew known biết; quen biết lead led led dẫn dắt; lãnh đạo learn learnt/ learned learnt/ learned học; biết leave left left đi; để lại lend lent lent cho mượn (vay) lose lost lost làm mất; make made made chế tạo; sản xuất meet met met gặp mặt pay paid paid trả (tiền) put put put đặt; để read read read đọc ride rode ridden cưỡi ring rang rung rung chuông rise rose risen đứng dậy; mọc run ran run chạy say said said nói see saw seen nhìn thấy sell sold sold bán send sent sent gửi shake shook shaken lay; lắc show showed shown/ showed cho xem sit sat sat ngồi sleep slept slept ngủ speak spoke spoken nói spend spent spent tiêu sài stand stood stood đứng steal stole stolen đánh cắp swim swam swum bơi; lội take took taken cầm ; lấy teach taught taught dạy ; giảng dạy tell told told kể ; bảo think thought thought suy nghĩ throw threw thrown ném ; liệng understand understood understood hiểu wake woke/ waked woken/ waked thức giấc wear wore worn mặc win won won thắng ; chiến thắng write wrote written viết PRONUNCIATION I HOW TO PRONOUNCE “-ED”: / id / /t/ /d/ t, d ch, p, k, sh, s, f, x, ce ……… ( t� , p, k, � , s, f ) wanted, decided II stopped, kicked, laughed, missed, watched, washed, fixed HOW TO PRONOUNCE “-S”, “-ES”: / iz / /s/ /z/ ce, ge, ch, x, sh, s, z p, t, k, f, gh, th ( p, t, k, f, O ) ……… ( ks, s, z, dz, t�, �) boxes , misses , quizzes , practices changes , watches , washes III loved, delivered lamps , laughs , books , sits , months teachers , studies , explains schools STRESS STRESS SYLLABLES EXAMPLES Trọng âm rơi vào hậu tố - ee - eer - ese - ain - aire - ique - degree, referee - engineer, pioneer - Vietnamese, Japanese - contain, remain - millionaire, questionaire - technique, unique Trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết trước hậu tố - tion - sion - ic - ical - ian - ity - itive - logy / graphy - protection, condition - decision, impression - economic, scientific - political, electrical - musician, politician - necessity, ability - sensitive, competitive - psychology, geography Thường gốc từ mang trọng - Tiền tố: un, im, in, ir, dis, âm thêm số tiền tố hậu non, en, re, over, under tố, trọng âm ko đổi - Hậu tố : ful, less, able, al, ous, ly, er, ize, en, ment, ness, ship, hood - danger / dangerous / endanger - happy / happiness MORE EXERCISES OF UNIT 9: UNDERSEA WORLD *** A GRAMMAR: I/ Should: Nên What a beautiful view! => You should take some photos Form: S + should (not) + Vo => GIVING ADVICE II/ CONDITIONAL SENTENCE TYPE & TYPE Meaning: Nếu …… ………… Form: Type If clause Main clause Vo/s/es S+ S+ don’t/doesn’t + Vo (be  am/is/are) Ex: Will Shall Can (+ not) + Vo If I arrive at Dalat city, I will call you If I don’t visit Dalat city, I will call you Usage : Diễn tả điều kiện xảy tương lai V2/ed S+ S+ didn’t + Vo Would Should Could (+ not) + Vo (be  were) Ex: If I were you, I would tell her the truth She would not forgive you if you didn’t apologize to her Usage : Diễn tả điều kiện khơng có thật  LƯU Ý: “If … not” thay “UNLESS” (trừ phi, khơng) mệnh đề Unless thể Khẳng định Ex: If he doesn’t get up early, he will be late for class  Unless he gets up early, he will be late for class  CÁC BƯỚC CHUYỂN CÂU TÌNH HUỐNG SANG CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 1, 2: + Xác định mệnh đề điều kiện mệnh đề (LOẠI 1: Mệnh đề nằm sau Or  mệnh đề chính; LOẠI 2: Mệnh đề nằm sau Because  mệnh đề If; Mệnh đề nằm sau So/ Thus/ Therefore/ That’s why  mệnh đề chính) + Động từ câu tình chia tương lai đơn: ta chuyển thành câu điều kiện loại 1; động từ từ câu tình chia đơn: ta chuyển thành câu điều kiện loại + Các mệnh đề câu tình có NOT chuyển sang câu điều kiện bỏ NOT; ngược lại mệnh đề câu tình KHƠNG có NOT chuyển sang câu điều kiện ta thêm NOT RIÊNG ĐỐI VỚI LOẠI 1: - Biến đổi mệnh đề phía trước Or giữ nguyên mệnh đề nằm sau Or Ex: Loại Stop talking or you won’t understand the lesson  If you don’t stop talking, you won’t understand the lesson Loại Because I don’t have enough money, I cannot buy this house  If I had enough money, I could buy this house B FAMILY WORD: endanger  endangered threat  threaten  threatening  threateningly science  scientific  scientist depend  dependent  dependently (v) (adj) (n) (v) (adj) (adv) (n) (adj) (n) (v) (adj) (adv) gặp nguy hiểm mối đe dọa, đe dọa khoa học nhà khoa học phụ thuộc C PRACTICE Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions A ocean B undersea C beneath D deep A poor B tour C actual D group Mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions A organism B environment C temperature D satellite A carnivore B entrapment C technology D Atlantic Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions Some kinds of plants which live underwater are healthy food A water B sea C marine D river Some whales migrate into warm waters to bear their A young B diets C calves D small whales is the variety of different types of plant and animal life in a particular region A animals B plants C biodiversity D animal Thanks to modern technology, scientists have been able to the life of plants and animals that live under the sea A provide B divide C investigate D overcome To a bad habit is not quite easy to most of human beings A divide B overcome C reveal D investigate 10 The sea is polluted, which sea plants and animals A danger B dangerous C dangers D endangers 11 Oil spills are a great _ to the undersea world A threat B threaten C threatened D threateningly 12 Nowadays, _ have overcome many of the challenges of the depth by using modern devices A scientists B science C scientific D scientist 13 Sharks move _ of water currents A independent B independently C dependent D dependently 14 The starfish lives on or depend _ the bottom A of B in C on D for 15 They provide us _ food and drink A for B with C to D from 16 Some tiny organisms are _ along by the currents A carried B taken C flowed D moved 17 Antibiotic is a chemical used _killing- weeds A for B to C in D with 18 Community police have made a very positive contribution _ crime prevention A to B on C about D for 19 What would Tom if he _ the truth? A would know B has know C knows D knew 20 If I _ you, I wouldn’t buy that coat A am B was C were D would be 21 I'm not an astronaut If I _ an astronaut, I my camera with me on the rocket ship A am/ will take B were/ would take C were/ had taken D were/ would have taken 22 If he _ the scholarship, his parents will be very proud of him A got B would get C is getting D gets 23 If I had time, I _ to the beach with you this weekend A would go B would have gone C will go D will have gone 24 If someone _ in here with a gun, I would be very frightened A would walk B walks C had walked D walked 25 You won’t pass the examination _ you study harder A as long as B unless C if D whether 26 Tom really _ go out He has too much homework to A can't B shouldn't C would D should Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions 27 A large portion of the world's water supply have been contaminated by factory waste, ships and A B C oil spills D 28 Unless we work harder, we will finish on time A B C D 29 You should stop wasting your time and doing something useful instead A B C D Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges 30.- Laura: “What a lovely house you have!” - Maria: “ _.” A Thank you Hope you will drop in B I don’t think so! C No problem D Of course not, it’s not costly 31.- Nick: “I am going on holiday tomorrow” - Jessica: “ ” A Congratulation B Sorry to hear that C Have a nice time D Watch out Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions 32 The floor was covered in tiny pieces of paper A extremely small B very large C very big D unimportant 33 Sperm whales and sharks are carnivores A animals that live in the sea B animals that only eat plants C fish that aren't born from eggs D animals that eat meat Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions 34 We should use water sparingly and not pollute it A economically B wastefully C carefully D thriftily 35 Some marine animals move independently of water currents A dependently B freely C detachedly D self-reliantly Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Can dolphins talk? Maybe they can’t talk with words, but they talk with sounds They show their feeling with sounds Dolphins travel in a group We call a group of fish a “school” They don ’t study, but they travel together Dolphins are mammals, not fish, but they swim together in a school Dolphins talk to the other dolphins in the school They give information They tell when they are happy or sad or afraid They say “Welcome” when a dolphin comes back to the school They talk when they play They make a few sounds above water They make many more sounds under water People cannot hear these sounds because they are very, very high Scientists make tapes of the sounds and study them Sometimes people catch a dolphin for a large aquarium People can watch dolphins in a show Dolphins don’t like to be away from their school in an aquarium They are sad and lonely There are many stories about dolphins They help people Sometimes they save somebody ’s life Dolphin meat is good, but people don’t like to kill them They say that dolphins bring good luck Many people believe this 36 Which sentence is NOT TRUE? A A dolphin can talk with words B Dolphins always bring good luck C People like to watch dolphins D A dolphin can save a person’s life 37 Choose the word which is closest in meaning to “mammal” in paragraph A animal that have teeth and eats meat B animal that gives birth to live babies, not eggs and feeds its young on milk C animal that only eats plant D animal that lives both in the sea and on the land 38 Dolphins make more sounds A in school B for tapes C under water D above water 39 Why don’t people like to kill dolphins? A Because their meat is not good B Because it is difficult to catch dolphins C Because they are lucky D Because people believe they bring good luck 40 What does the word “They” in line refer to? A dolphins B words C sounds D fish Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks Most people are afraid of sharks, but they usually not know much about sharks There are more than 350 kinds of sharks, and all of them are meat eaters Sharks (41) very useful because they eat sick fish and keep the oceans clean Sharks not have ears However they can hear sounds and movements in the water Any sound or movement makes the water vibrate Sharks can feel these (42) , which help them find food They also use their large eyes to find food Most sharks are best in dim light They often hunt (43) food at dawn, in the evening or in the middle of (44) night Scientists want to learn more about sharks for several reasons For example, cancer is very common in many animals, especially in people However, it is rare in sharks Scientists want to find out why sharks almost never get cancer Maybe, this information can (45) people prevent cancer too 41 A were B is C are D was 42 A vibrations B vibrates C vibrators D vibration 43 A in B under C for D to 44 A a B an C the D X 45 A want B encourage C persuade D help Mark the letter A,B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following sentences 46 She forgets her visa, so she comes back A If she doesn’t forget her visa, she won’t come back B Unless she forgot her visa, she would come back C If she had forgotten her visa, she would have come back D Unless she forgot her visa, she wouldn’t come back 47 You can't travel on this train unless you have a reservation A If you have a reservation you can't travel on this train B If you don't have a reservation, you can't travel on this train C If you don't have a reservation, you can travel on this train D If you won't have a reservation, you can't travel on this train 48 He loves her, so he marries her A If he didn’t love her, he wouldn’t marry her B If he didn’t love her, he wouldn’t have married her C If he loves her, he wouldn’t have married her D If he hadn’t loved her, he wouldn’t have been married her 49 She doesn’t buy the dress because she doesn’t have enough money A If she had enough money, she would buy the dress B If she had enough money, she would have bought the dress 10 ... hậu tố - tion - sion - ic - ical - ian - ity - itive - logy / graphy - protection, condition - decision, impression - economic, scientific - political, electrical - musician, politician - necessity,... Trọng âm rơi vào hậu tố - ee - eer - ese - ain - aire - ique - degree, referee - engineer, pioneer - Vietnamese, Japanese - contain, remain - millionaire, questionaire - technique, unique Trọng... để hỏi với Wh- : - Who: - What: gì, - What time: - What / which + N: nào, - When: - Where: đâu - How: nào, phương tiện - How many + N ( số nhiều): - How much + N ( không đếm được) : - How long: