Practice: 1/Put the verbs in the brackets into the correct form: gerund or infinitive.. He tried explain but she refused listen 2.[r]
(1)UNIT 1: A Ly Thuyet: Infinitive with TO and Infinitive without TO Infinitive with TO : + is used to express a purpose Ex : I’m learning English to get a good job + is used after adjectives Ex : I’m pleased to see you + is used after interrogative pronouns: what, who, where, why, how, Ex : Tell me what to + is used after indefinite pronouns : something, nothing, anybody,… Ex : He has nothing to + is used after some verbs : want, need, decide, refuse, offer, hope, fail, agree, tend, plan, arrange, learn, promise, afford, care, manage, attempt, Ex : I want to buy that house Infinitive without TO + is used after some verbs : make, let ; and see, hear, watch, feel,… + Object + V without to Ex : Nothing can make him cry I saw the man get into the car + is used after modal verbs: will, shall, could, can , should, must, may,… Ex: I must speak to manager You should go to bed early + is used after : and, or, except, but, than, as, like… Ex: He cannot anything but smile B Practice: * Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form: He expects (receive) _ her reply today We hope (see) each other next summer She promised (not be) there again I want (see) the house where our president was born He told me (try) _ (come) early * Exercise 2: Rewrite the sentences, using the words given in brackets: They arrived home late (He saw) _ She didn’t want to stay there for the weekend (They made her). _ The teacher allowed me to stay at home to finish the assignment (The teacher let) The boy ran away from the house (She noticed) _ The policeman told the thief to empty his pockets (The policeman made) UNIT 2: A Ly Thuyet: I Tenses Simple present (Hiện đơn): khẳng định phủ định nghi vấn He / she / it + V-s /es He / she / it + doesn’t + V Does + he / she / it +V? I / You / We/ They +V I / You / We / They +don’t + V Do + I / you / we / they +V? Trạng từ thường gặp: usually, often, always, sometimes, as a rule, normally, ever, never… Ex: My father usually gets up at a.m Present continuous (Hiện tiếp diễn) S + am / is / are + Ving Trạng từ thường gặp: now, at present, at this moment, right now Ex: - We are learning English now Present perfect (Hiện hoàn thành): S+ have/ has/ + PP khẳng định phủ định nghi vấn He / She / It + has + PP He / She / It +hasn’t + PP Has+ He / She / It +PP? I / You / We/ They + have + I / You / We / They + haven’t + Have+ I / You / We / They + PP? PP PP Trạng từ thường gặp : never, just, ever, recently, already, yet, lately, for, since, so far, up to no - My mother has just bought a new car Simple past (Quá khứ đơn) khẳng định phủ định nghi vấn S+ V-ed / V2 S+ didn’t + V Did + S + V? Trạng từ thường gặp : yestersay, ago, last… (2) Ex : - I went to three days ago Past continuous (Quá khứ tiếp diễn) : S+ was/ were + Ving Ex: - I was watching TV at p.m yesterday - Were they having lunch when you called? Past perfect (Quá khứ hoàn thành) S+ had + PP Use: Diễn tả hành động xảy và hoàn thành trước hành động khác quá khứ S + V2 / didn’t + V + after + S + had + Vpp S + had + Vpp + before + S + V2 / didn’t + V - By the time - When + Vpast ; S + Had + Vpp - Until Simple future (tương lai đơn): khẳng định phủ định nghi vấn S+ will + V1 S+ won’t + V1 Will + S + V1? Use : Diễn tả hành động xảy tương lai Trạng từ thường gặp : Tomorrow, next…… - I will say goodbye to you before I leave Danang B Practice: I (see) her last year You (watch) TV last night? I (do) _ my homework at p.m yesterday Before she (watch) _ TV, she (wash) _ her clothes The light (go) out while we (have) _ dinner As we (cross) _ the street, we (see) an accident Before Alice (go) _ to sleep, She (call) _ her family The bell (ring) while Tom (take) _ a bath Daisy (agree) with other members in the last meeting 10 She (win) _the gold medal in 1986 11 I (be) _ very tired because I (work) _ all day yesterday 12 While my father (read) a newspaper, I (learn) my lesson and my sister (do) _ her homework 13 What you (do) _ yesterday? 14 You (watch) TV last night? 15 At p.m yesterday? Well, I (work) _ in my office at that time 16 David (be) born after his father (die) _ 17 After John _ (wash) his clothes, he began to study UNIT 3: A Ly Thuyet: INFINITIVE AND GERUND 1.1 Verbs followed by To-inf: V + (O) + To-inf - decide - expect - try / attempt - would like / love - agree advise - tend - ask / want - refuse - intend - be willing - fail - desire / wish - order / require - demand - hope - tend hesitate Ex: I expect to meet him tomorrow 1.2 Verbs followed by the gerund V + (O) + V-ing - avoid - mind - appreciate - practise - consider - finish - deny - delay / - miss - enjoy - keep - dislike/ hate / detest * Expressions: - look forward to - be worth - can’t help / bear / stand - be accustomed to - There’s no point in - be busy - It’s no good / use - be / get used to * Adj phrase with preposition + V-ing Ex: He is good at solving mathematical problems PASSIVE INFINITIVE AND GERUND 2.1 Examples: Examples: (3) - She expects to be invited to Minh’s birthday party V to be + PP - She enjoys being invited to Minh’s birthday party V being + PP 2.2 Form: Passive infinitive: To be + Past Participle Passive gerund: Being + Past Participle B Practice: 1/Put the verbs in the brackets into the correct form: gerund or infinitive He tried (explain) but she refused (listen) At dinner she annoyed me by (smoke) between two courses He avoided _ (see), so he wore a big false bear He decided (disguise) himself by (dress) as a woman Would you mind (show) me how (work) the lift? After (walk) _for three hours, we stopped to let the others (catch up) with us He didn’t want (see) by them at the airport I regret (inform) you that your application has been refused I couldn’t help (overhear) what you said 10 A: I don’t allow (smoke) in my drawing room B: I don’t allow my family (smoke) at all UNIT 4: A Ly Thuyet: GERUND AND PRESENT PARTICIPLE: Form: V - ING Use a To form continuous tenses.+ Example: She is reading book now b As adjectives + Example: I love the noise of falling rain c Present participle is used after verbs of sensation (see, hear, smell, feel, listen to, notice, watch…) + Example: I see him passing my house everyday d Present participle is used after verbs: catch, find, leave + Object + Example: I caught them stealing my money e Present participle is used after verbs: go, come, spend, waste, be busy + Example: Tom is busy practising for the school concert PERFECT GERUND AND PERFECT PARTICIPLE Form Having + Past Participle Use 2.1 Perfect gerund: a is used instead of the present gerund form when we are referring to a past action + Example: He was accused of having deserted his ship b is fairly usual after “deny” : + Example: He denied having been there 3.2 Perfect participle: a can be used instead of the present participle to replace a main clauses, (when one action is immediately followed by another with the same subject) b emphasizes that the first action is complete before the second one starts + Example: Having finished his homework, Tom watched TV B Practice: Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets 1/ The missing children were last seen (play)………………….near the river 2/ (Complete)……… …… the book, he had a holiday 3/ (Find)…………… ….only in the Andes, the plant is used by local people to treat skin diseases 4/ Do something! Don’t just sit there (twiddle)……………….… your thumbs 2.Rewrite the sentences beginning with an appropriate participle ( present, past or perfect ) (4) 1/ When she saw the dog coming towards her, she quickly crossed the road …………………………………………………………………………………… 2/ If it is looked after carefully, the plant can live through the winter ……………………………………………………………………………………… 3/ As I don’t have a credit card, I found it difficult to book an airline ticket over the phone …………………………………………………………………………………… 4/ Keith spent a lot of time filling in job application forms because he was unemployed ……………………………………………………………………………………… 5/ Because I was walking quickly, I soon caught up with her ………………………………………………………………………………………… UNIT 6: A Ly Thuyet: Reported Speech with gerund a/ Having object: S + V + Object + preposition + V-ing * Verbs: accused …of, suspect … of, congratulate … on, prevent … from, thank … for, warm … against * Example:- “You are not telling the truth, you are a liar!” They accused me of telling lies b/ Having no object: S + V + preposition + V-ing * Verbs: dream of, approve/ disapprove of, insist on, apologize for, think of, look forward to, deny, admit,+ V-ING B Practice: Write the following sentences using the words given “It’s not a good idea to change these plans at this late date.” He objected to……………………………………………… He deserted his ship two months ago He was accused of it He was accused of …………………………………………… John spent his own money I can’t prevent him from that I can’t prevent ………………………………………………… 4.’’Congratulations! You’ve succeeded in the interview, Kate,’’ Jane congratulated ………………………………………………… UNIT 7: A Ly Thuyet: CONDITIONAL SENTENCES (CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN) Điều kiện loại : IF CLAUSE (Mệnh đề If) Simple Present S + V[-e/es] S + don’t / doesn’t + V(inf) MAIN CLAUSE (Mệnh đề chính) Simple Future S + will + V(inf) S + will not + V(inf) Will + S + V(inf)…? Unless = if…….not Unless you study hard , you will fail the exam If you don’t study hard , you will fail the exam - Sau Unless không dùng dạng phủ định (Ví dụ : không viết Unless you don’t write) Điều kiện loại 2, loại : Ví dụ (5) TYPE MAIN CLAUSE (Mệnh đề chính) IF CLAUSE (Mệnh đề If) II Simple Past Be were (was) S + V-ed/2 S + didn’t + V(inf) III Past Perfect S + had + V-ed/Vpp S + hadn’t + V-ed/Vpp S + would / could + V(inf) S + wouldn’t / couldn’t +V(inf) Would / Could + S + V(inf)… ? S + would / could have + V-ed/3 S + wouldn’t / couldn’t have + V-ed/3 Would / Could + S + have + V-ed/3…? Điều kiện loại : diễn tả việc không có thật Điều kiện loại : diễn tả việc không có thật quá khứ II CONDITIONAL IN REPORTED SPEECH Ex: 1.“If I have a lot of money, I’ll build houses for the poor.”, John said John said if he had a lot of money, he would build houses for the poor “ If today were Sunday, we wouldn’t go to school” they said to me => They told me if that day were/ had been Sunday, they wouldn’t go/ wouldn’t have gone to school B Practice: 1: Put the verbs into the correct form If he (eat) all that he will be ill If I (know) his address, I’d give it to you I shouldn’t drink that wine if I (be) you If the rain (stop) _, I would have gone for a walk Rewrite these sentences by using “If”: She will fail in the examination because she is very lazy………………………………………… We don’t have holiday because we haven’t got any money……………………………………… I don’t know the answer so I can’t tell you……………………………………………………… The little boy couldn’t eat the cake because it was very hot……………………………………… Change the following conditional sentences into reported speech 1/ “ If I had any money I’d buy you a drink”, she said to me ->…………………………………………… 2/ “ If I catch the plane I ‘ll be home by five” he said.>…………………………………………………… 3/ “ You should stay in bed if you feel unwell” my mother said.>………………………………………… 4/ “ If I’d had my mobile yesterday, I could have contacted you,” Tom said>…………………………… 5/ “ If I were you, I’d stop smoking” she said to her brother.>………………………………………… UNIT 8: A Ly Thuyet: Pronouns one(s), someone, no one, anyone, everyone a Someone: - used in positive sentences , has the idea of a definite idea b Anyone: - used in negatives and questions , has the meaning of no limit c Everyone: - mean “all the people in a group” d Everybody: - used in positive sentences , questions e No one: - mean “No people” - used in positive sentences f One: - used to avoid repeating a singular noun g Ones : - used to avoid repeating a plural noun B Practice: I Fill in the blanks with the pronouns: one(s), someone, anyone, no one, or every one 1) Nearly on the Internet uses e-mail to communicate with each other 2) has left their bag behind 3) I’ve got some stamps here Which is the you like? 4) Was there you knew at the meeting? 5) Goodbye, I’ll see you next week 6) Does else want to come? 7) There’s at the door II Fill in each blank with an appropriate preposition (6) Children usually are given 'lucky money' _ Tet Banh Chung, which is made sticky rice, is one of Tet's special foods The New Year is celebrated _ night _ January There are usually a lot of party _ New Year’s Eve Vietnamese people prepare _ Tet several weeks beforehand We decorated our Christmas tree _ a lot of colored and shiny little bells Many people go to the pagoda to pray _ a happy year PRACTICE I Put out the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others 1) A stage B page C cake D tablet 2) A elephant B event C engineer D let 3) A probably B population C gold D hospital 4) A smallest B best C longest D biggest 5) A mountain B ground C blouse D soup 6) A earning B learning C searching D clearing 7) A candy B sandy C many D handy 8) A corn B cup C can D city 9) A who B wheel C whether D whale III VOCABULARY: 1) Most of the undeveloped countries need a lot of aid A together B unselfish C mutual D friend 2) He is too to lend me his bicycle A selfish B enthusiastic C helpful D pleasant ) A date that is an exact number of years after the date of an important event is a(n) A birthday B celebration C wedding D anniversary 4) Dinner will be a cold , not a sit-down meal A party B meal C dish D buffet 5) He doesn’t know much about the subject, but he is A joyful B enthusiastic C reserved D calm 6) We should take care of war invalids and family of martyrs A look after B look into C look for D look at 7) Shy people often find it difficult to group discussions A take place in B take part in C get on with D get in 8) I am to come to the meeting on Monday evening, please apologise for my absence A capable B excused C unable D disliked 9) To agree to give someone money for a charity if that person competes a special activity A organize B support C sponsor D encourage 10) A person who has been chosen to speak or vote for someone else on behalf of a group A contestant B competitor C examinee D representative 11) One third of the world’s consumes two thirds of the world resources A people B men C population D human 12) The practice of controlling the number of children a person has, using various methods of contraception is called A family planning B birth control C population D A & B 13) When a person has an infectious disease, he is from other people A isolated B limited C separated D confined 14) Thinking about what is good in a situation or good or useful A negative B affirmative C positive D indefinite 15) A special event that people organize to memorize something A birthday B wedding C house warning D celebration 17) Banh Chung is made sticky rice, green beans and fatty pork A of B from C with D by 18) Many people go to the pagoda to for a happy year for themselves and their family A pray B long C desire D ask 19 They're having a party in _ of his 84th birthday a ceremony b honor c memory d celebration 20 We tried to make a _ of our situation, but it wasn't funny a joke b trick c tension d risk (7) 21 They held a concert to mark the _ of Mozart's death a occasion b anniversary c situation d remembrance 22 They have no money and are forced to live on a fund b saving c charity d donation 23 This scheme could be for people in low incomes a advantage b advantaged c advantageous d disadvantaged 24 Schools need to help children to read and write a volunteers b pioneers c engineers d innovators 25 We would like to see closer between parents and schools a cooperation b coordination c coexistence d coeducation 26 At present we are an anti-drug campaign a setting up b carrying out c taking part in d joining with 27 People believed that what they on the first day of the year will _ their luck during the whole year a control b influence c exchange d result 28 I looked everywhere but I couldn't find _ at all a no one b anyone c someone d somebody 29 Tet is really a time of fun and _ throughout the country a holidays b celebrations c preparations d festivals 30 The whole family usually tries to get together at Christmas a contact b gather c relate d communicate 31 A person who decides who has won a competition is called a(n) A referee B judge C investigator D witness 31 I don't like that man There is a sneaky look on his face a furious b humorous c dishonest d guilty 32 She made a big about not having a window seat on the plane a complaint b fuss c excitement d interest 33 He has a very outgoing and makes friends very easily a person b personal c personality d personage 34 He to the spot where the house used to stand a pointed b showed c directed d glanced 35 Teenagers often have their who they admire very much a ideals b admirers c images d idols IV/ Supply the correct form of the word in bold 1/ I’ve never felt so ( embarrass )……………… ……….in my life! 2/ They had a really good chance of winning the national ……(compete) 3/ Over 30,000 will run in the New York marathon (compete) 4/ We would like to see closer ( cooperate )………………….between parents and schools 5/ The work of the charity is funded by ( volunteer )…………… …………donations 6/ They went hiking in a ( mountain )…………………………region 7/ The club provides a wide variety of ( act)…………………including tennis, swimming and squash 8/ I felt extremely when we lost (disappoint) 9/ The negotiation was attended by of several states (represent) 10/ What’s the (populate) of your country? (8) (9)