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www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com Aircraft Maintenance and Repair www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com Aircraft Maintenance and Repair Seventh Edition Michael J Kroes William A Watkins (Deceased) Frank Delp (Deceased) Ronald Sterkenburg New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com Copyright â 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Education, Inc All rights reserved Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher ISBN: 978-0-07-180151-5 MHID: 0-07-180151-0 e-Book conversion by Cenveođ Publisher Services Version 1.0 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-0-07-180150-8, MHID: 0-07-180150-2 McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs To contact a representative please e-mail us at bulksales@mcgraw-hill.com All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps Information has been obtained by McGraw-Hill from sources believed to be reliable However, because of the possibility of human or mechanical error by our sources, McGraw-Hill, or others, McGraw-Hill does not guarantee the accuracy, adequacy, or completeness of any information and is not responsible for any errors or omissions or the results obtained from the use of such information TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Education, Inc (“McGraw-Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work Use of this work is subject to these terms Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill’s prior consent You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited Your right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these terms THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS.” McGRAW-HILL AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCURACY, ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUDING ANY INFORMATION THAT CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE McGraw-Hill and its licensors do not warrant or guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or error free Neither McGraw-Hill nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for any damages resulting therefrom McGraw-Hill has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed through the work Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com circumstances shall McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com About the Authors Michael J Kroes has been an aviation practitioner and educator for over 35 years He has held various FAA certifications, including Airframe and Powerplant Mechanic, Inspection Authorization, Designated Mechanic Examiner, and Designated Engineering Representative, and he holds a commercial pilot license Mr Kroes has worked for some of the leading aviation companies, including Raytheon and Allied Signal, and has also spent 25 years as a professor and department head at Purdue University Recognized as a leading expert on FAA technician certification, he authored a comprehensive study funded by the FAA This study was used to develop new FAA technician certification content and guidelines Mr Kroes resides in Pinehurst, North Carolina Ronald Sterkenburg is a professor in the Aviation Technology Department at Purdue University He is a certificated Airframe and Powerplant (A&P) Mechanic, holds an Inspection Authorization (IA), and is a Designated Mechanic Examiner (DME) Although his main research interests are in advanced composite materials for aerospace vehicles, he has published many articles, book chapters, and books on all types of aviation maintenance topics Dr Sterkenburg resides in West Lafayette, Indiana www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com Contents Preface to the Seventh Edition Preface to the Sixth Edition Hazardous Materials and Safety Practices Hazardous Materials OSHA’s Hazardous Communications Standards Disposal and Accidental Releases of Hazardous Materials Review Questions Aircraft Structures Aircraft Structural Design Principal Aircraft Structures Aircraft Station Numbers Zoning Nomenclature and Definitions Fuselages Cockpits, Cabins, and Compartments Wings Tail and Control Surfaces Landing Gear Powerplant Structures Rotorcraft Structures Review Questions Fabrication and Repair of Wood Structures Aircraft Woods Adhesives and Bonding Procedures www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com Construction and Repair of Wood Structures Care of Aircraft with Wood Structures Inspection of Airplanes Having Wood Structures Review Questions Fabric Coverings Fabric Types and Terminology Dopes and Finishing Materials Facilities and Equipment for Aircraft Covering Selection of Fabric Covering Material Application of Fabric Covers for Aircraft Fabric Inspection Repair of Fabric Coverings Review Questions Aircraft Painting and Markings Aircraft Finishing Materials Spray-Paint Equipment Finishing Metal Aircraft and Parts Registration Marks for Aircraft Review Questions Welding Equipment and Techniques Fundamentals of Welding Oxyacetylene Welding Gas Welding Techniques Electric-Arc Welding Inert-Gas Welding Conclusion Review Questions Welded Aircraft Structures and Repair Construction of Steel-Tube Assemblies by Welding Inspection of Steel-Tube Structures Aircraft Tubing Repair www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com Special Welding Repairs Soldering and Brazing Review Questions Sheet-Metal Construction Design Philosophies Factors Affecting Sheet-Metal Part and Joint Design Fundamental Calculations for Structures Bending Metals Preparation for Layout Work Hand Tools for Sheet-Metal Work Floor and Bench Machinery for Sheet-Metal Work Fabrication of Sheet-Metal Parts Riveting Review Questions Sheet-Metal Inspection and Repair Sheet-Metal Inspection Sheet-Metal Repair Repair Practices Rivet-Repair Design Review Questions 10 Plastics Fundamentals of Plastic Materials Working with Plastic Materials Installation, Maintenance, and Repair of Plastic Materials Review Questions 11 Advanced Composite Materials Laminated Structures Major Components of a Laminate Strength Characteristics Description of Sandwich Structures Review Questions www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com FIGURE 11-28 Phase array and pulse echo inspection equipment www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com FIGURE 11-31 The use of an orbital sander for repair work www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com FIGURE 11-32 Vacuum bag processing materials www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com FIGURE 11-33 Pleats in vacuum bag www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com FIGURE 11-35 Envelope bag application for composite repair www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com FIGURE 11-36 Weighing resin parts A and B for correct ratio www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com FIGURE 11-37a Apply resin on top of the fabric FIGURE 11-37b Use squeegee to impregnate the fabric www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com FIGURE 11-37c Place release film on top of wet fabric and use squeegee to remove air from the lay-up FIGURE 11-38a Pour resin in the middle of the fabric www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com FIGURE 11-38b Apply release film and vacuum bag FIGURE 11-38c Use squeegee to impregnate the fabric www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com FIGURE 11-40 Completed autoclave curing recipe www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com FIGURE 11-41 Curing oven www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com FIGURE 11-42 Autoclave FIGURE 11-43 Heat bonder used for curing a repair to nose radome www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com FIGURE 11-51 Vacuum bag procedure www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com FIGURE 11-52 Repair of a nose radome www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com FIGURE 11-63 Stringer repair with titanium formed channel www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com ...www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com Aircraft Maintenance and Repair www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com Aircraft Maintenance and Repair Seventh Edition Michael J Kroes William A Watkins (Deceased)... Retraction Systems Transport Aircraft Landing-Gear Systems Inspection and Maintenance of Landing Gear Tires and Wheels Design and Operation of Brake Assemblies Aircraft Brake Systems Brake Maintenance Review Questions... Structures and Airframe Systems and Components and may be used as a study text in connection with classroom discussions, demonstrations, and practical application in the shop and on aircraft Aircraft Maintenance and Repair is one of five textbooks in the McGraw-Hill