Tour searching the traditional architecture of hanoi

A. INTRODUCSION Doing projects play an important role in studying program of students who are in Faculty of Tourism, HOU. We also have each project for each course. It helps us improve our English skill and our knowledge very much. The main purpose of the HD3 project is helping students gain more knowledge about Hanoi as a tourist destination. We also practice the skills in the course such as: learning more about Hanoi tourism potentials, building up commentaries at many sites in Hanoi, dealing with tourists’ questions and solving problems. Moreover, this project gives us one more chance to work in group effectively and find out the way how to design a tailor-made city tour of Hanoi for a group of tourists with different interests. From that, we have to make our own mind about tourism in Vietnam. This project is not only writing for teacher who will give the marks and comments to help us find out the right way to make a good project but also make us practice our English, researching and collecting information, writing skill… Thank to this necessary lesson, we feel more confident to introduce for tourists about famous destinations in Hanoi. It is very good for students to have a chance to do project like that. My group has 4 members: - Lưu Thi Nhung: Tran Quoc Pagoda - Nguyễn Thị Hồng Nam: House No.87 Ma May Street; Edit and Print - Lê Phương Ly: One Pillar Pagoda. - Nguyễn Thị Minh Huệ: Lang Pagoda. 1 B. BODY Pre – departure information: Welcome to Hanoi! As you know, Hanoi is the capital of Vietnam for almost a thousand years. It is considered to be the cultural centre of Vietnam, where every dynasty has left behind their imprint. Even though some relics have not survived through wars and time, the city still has many interesting cultural and historic monuments for visitors. Hanoi has more cultural sites than any city in Vietnam, including over 600 pagodas and temples. Hanoi still preserves many ancient architectural works including the Old Quarter and over 600 pagodas and temples. Today we have a tour to discover the traditional architecture of Hanoi. So we design this tour with some special pagodas and an old house in Hanoi. We hope that tourists who are interested in traditional architecture of Hanoi will satisfactory with them. Itinerary Tour: Searching the traditional architecture of Hanoi - 8:15 am: pick up tourists in the hotel - 8:45 am: Tran Quoc Pagoda The reason that it is considered a cultural symbol of Vietnamese Buddhism partly for it is the oldest pagoda and situated in the centre of the capital of Vietnam. - 10 am: One Pillar Pagoda Special and famous for its architecture, entire the pagoda is held up by only one pillar, imitating the feature of a lotus (symbol of Buddhism). All the building is situated in the middle of a pond of lotus. 2 The unique architecture is a whole column pagoda is set on a stone column. It is a combination of reckless imagination romantic poetical images through lotus and solution structure of wooden architecture in the system of foundation. - 11am: have lunch in restaurant in the Old Quarter and rest. - 1pm: House at No.87 Ma May Street The house at 87 Ma May Street is typical of architecture in Hanoi’s Old Quarter. It has shown the technical and arts building traditional old town of Hanoi. It is the art of building with traditional systems for tractors decorated wooden carving stations, construction techniques under the brick walls, floor systems via wooden bricks. - 1:45 pm: come back to the bus to go Lang Pagoda. - 2:15 pm: Lang Pagoda Lang pagoda is one of the most ancient pagodas in Hanoi. The architecture design of the pagoda is harmonious, stretching from the three entrances to the worshipping house. The multi – layer architecture structure with a green courtyard makes the ancient and sacred atmosphere of a Vietnamese pagoda. - 3:15 pm: finish the tour and take tourists to hotel. 3 TRAN QUOC PAGODA I would like to introduce to you one of typical traditional architectures of the Hanoians is an old pagoda architecture. Today we will visit Tran Quoc pagoda: one of the oldest pagodas in Hanoi. You know, Pagoda is the place to worship Buddhism and before introduce about the Tran Quoc pagoda’s architecture. I want to introduce to you briefly information about the Buddhism in Vietnam. 1. Buddhism in Vietnam Vietnam is the nation without own religion but Buddhism still played an important role in the life of Vietnamese with 90% populations. Buddhism came to Vietnam by the maritime route from India and from China by land. Those who first carried this religion to Vietnam seem to have been refugees from persecution in China and religious pilgrims from India. Buddhism could be found in Tonkin (North Vietnam) in the second century A.D. North Vietnam was the cradle of the ethnic Vietnamese culture as it was not until 1802 that the southern area, including the delta, was conquered and consolidated into the approximate area of Vietnam today. The North of Vietnam follows Dai Thua (Great wheel) and the South is Tieu Thua (Small wheel). Do you know what the wheel is?: This is one of the earliest symbols of Buddhism, and consists of a circle (wheel) with eight or twelve divisions (spokes). The circle denotes the Buddhist concept of repeated births and endless existence. Eight "spokes" signify the Eightfold Path to reach Nirvana; and twelve "spokes" denote either the twelve "Principles of Buddhism", or the twelve-year calendar within an endless cycle of time. 4 Throughout twenty centuries in the long history of VN, Vietnamese Buddhism has been closely linked with the survival of the nation, whether in its rise and fall. Since the early days of its introduction, the mind of Vietnamese Buddhists has been so well imbued with the Buddha‘s Teachings about love, tolerance and sympathetic understanding that Vietnamese Buddhism has been able to co-exist in peace with other religions for over 2000 years. On the one hand, generations of Vietnamese monks and nuns and lay followers, unknown or well-known, have somehow participated in making it a unique Vietnamese religion colored with Vietnamese ways and customs. On the other hand, Vietnamese Buddhism has had a great influence on Vietnamese literature, art, music, architecture and Buddhism, so to speak, has become a part of Vietnamese life. 2. Tran Quoc pagoda 2.1 Location Tran Quoc Pagoda is located beside the dazzling West Lake, on Thanh Nien Road, Hanoi. Particularly, it is seated on an island linked by a bridge to the causeway between the two most romantic lakes of Hanoi: West Lake and Truc Bach Lake. 2.2 History The construction of the pagoda started in 541 and was completed in 545 under the reign of King Ly Nam De (544-548) under its original name of Khai Quoc (National Founder). It was initially built on the bank of the Red River. Until the early 17 th century, under the reign of King Le Kinh Tong (1600- 1618), the pagoda was moved to the Golden Fish Islet due to the river bank crumbling and was renamed Tran Quoc (National Defence). 5 2.3 A cultural symbol of Vietnamese Buddhism – the pagoda’s architecture You might ask yourself why among a number of beautiful pagodas in Hanoi, Tran Quoc should be visited. The reason is from the fact that it is considered a cultural symbol of Vietnamese Buddhism partly for it is the oldest pagoda and situated in the center of the capital of Vietnam Tran Quoc pagoda’s layout follows the "noi cong ngoai quoc" architectural style. This is the typical and traditional architecture of the pagodas in Vietnam with featuring three rows of buildings: three-compartment Thuong dien (Sanctuary), Thieu huong (Incense Burning House) and five-compartment Tien duong (Ancestor-worshipping House) ) connected to two corridors, bell tower, Ancestor House and Headstone House. There are remaining 14 stone steles carved much precious documentation and described sufficiently the constructive and repairing process. Especially, the Pagoda has a statue of Thich Ca Buddha made of gilt wood and Big Tower Garden. No one who has visited this significant pagoda of Hanoi does not take interest in its special and intricate style of architecture dated centuries ago. 2.4 A nice tranquil backdrop It must be said that the island and pagoda provide a beautiful backdrop, particularly when viewed at sunset. Standing at one end of Thanh Nien Road, one can see the towers of the pagoda rising above the lake’s surface. In the pagoda’s garden stands a Bồ Đề (Bodhi) tree, which is attached to a past story. The story tells that in 1959, on his visit to Vietnam, Indian Prime Minister Razendia Prasat offered the Pagoda a bodhi tree as a gift. The plant was grafted from the holy bodhi tree where Sakyamuni sat in zen (meditation) position and achieved enlightenment in India 25 centuries ago. Now the bodhi tree is easily recognizable from its heart-shaped leaves, taken from a cutting of its original 6 tree. Today, the tree green and luxuriant, shading over part of the pagoda's yard. These days, Tran Quoc Pagoda, as a religious relic with spectacular -surrounding scenery, is a favourite stopover of so many foreign visitors and pilgrims. 3. Bao thien tower As you can see the tower’s name is Bao Thien. It includes 11 floors, 15 high. Each floor has 6 small vaulted roofs, Adida Buddhist statue that made of rare stone and the total are 66 statues. The tower’s construction started in 1998 but there were some reasons so until in 2003 it has finished. Then I will tell you one small story about the tower in Tran Quoc pagoda’s garden that Kim Cuong Tu Buddhist monk leaded the pagoda and respond to build in XI century. He is the superior Buddhist, high position in Buddhism and always is delegate of national assembly. When building the tower, someone said that he built it to after he died his ash will put in this tower. However, some warmed-heart ones still understand and respect his work because there are many projects, restaurants and hotels growing up…it seems to swallow West Lake. Therefore, he knew that this tower’s building is to make harmony of the sacred land, of the pagoda. Then when he passed away, the tower of Tran Quoc pagoda keeps country, protects Thang Long citadel. Nowadays it becomes a very valuable and rare project.  Problem in Tran quoc pagoda: Your group comes into Tran Quoc pagoda. In front of pagoda, some tourists want to take photos but many sellers around there coming and ask them buying some things. They refuse buying anything but the sellers still ask with insistence, make noise and follow your tourists. - Solving problem: 7 Come closely with your tourist. Talk in a polite way with the seller that your tourists do not want to buy anything.  Questions: 1. What are the names of two lakes in front of Tran Quoc pagoda? - Ho Tay: West Lake - Truc Back Lake: White Soul Lake 2. What is the meaning of “noi cong ngoai quoc” architecture in pagoda? Internal attack with outside support 3. Why there often has tower garden? To keep the bone-ash of monks 4. Why does each tower have different height? It depends on the position of the monk. 5. What are four sacred animals? Dragon, phoenix, unicorn, tortoise 8 APPENDIX Bao Thien tower Tower garden 9 The gate of pagoda The roof of pagoda 10 [...]... toilet and storage 20 The detailed architecture of the house is very characteristic of the architecture of traditional towns Hanoi attention to the first main surface to form matches, the door in the middle (of care) and 2 is the window wide as the sales - Window width adjacent side streets are cheated special wooden boats by removing the stand out, while the door that you can then stop the installation... longevity of Buddhism in Vietnam The gate has 4 pillars and 3 curved roofs The roofs are not put on the top of pillars They are attached to the side of pillars with the middle roof higher than the others This architecture makes the main gate resemble a gate to a palace since Lang pagoda is dedicated to a King In 2 sides, there are 2 white elephants, the transportation of the King in the past On this gate, 2... chess 3 Decorative art architecture Decorative art of the House 87 focused on the main door for the implementation of the 2 floors Topics decoration of the plants are starting touching, soft, style art XIX century Besides decorative arts are also on the roofs and the system of the table 21 4 The value of urban space and architectural: The House No.87 layout has space for specific architecture housing... when the Queen gave birth to a male child, the Emperor ordered the construction of a pagoda supported by only one pillar to resemble the lotus seat of his dream in the honour of the Goddess of Mercy According to a theory, the pagoda was built in a style of a lotus emerging out of the water The pagoda was built in 1049 during the Ly dynasty At this time, the Buddhism was becoming popular in Vietnam 2 Architecture. .. decorated with the convenient form of wood The railing was built outdoors with brick pillars - With items in the space so the house's pipes are the facilities very good ventilation and get the sunlight This is one of the strong points in the spatial layout of traditional houses in Vietnam in general and the old town of Hanoi in particular to adapt and suit the local climate 2 Interior part of the house... under the management of the People's Committee of Hanoi is the home form of traditional houses in Hanoi old town is well preserved 2 General architecture in the Hanoi s Old Quarter Although Hanoi s Old Quarter has a 500-year history, few buildings in the architectural style of the Le Dynasty remain except for several pagodas and communal houses Most houses and shops were built of mud bricks; they failed... alike to the ceremony The monarch would then free a bird, which was followed by the people - In fact, there are some copies of the One pillar pagoda in the world There are one in Ho Chi Minh City and one in China The copies were built to show the relationship between two countries This unique shape of the pagoda together with the special story has been of great absorption to hundreds of thousands of international... this pagoda? There are 198 Buddhism statues in the main pagoda 34 Problem: At each stop of this tour, the tour guide always gives commentary to explain for tourists about the history, culture, architecture or some special things However, some tourists do not pay attention to commentary They express boredom And they talk something together Solution: When the tour guide sees the behavior of tourists, you... roofs Therefore, people call it “Bát Giac pavilion” It was repaired with 4 positions (West, North, South, East) and 8 directions of Buddhism It located on the floor, which has the shape like the tortoise It is one of the animals in Buddhism: love quiet life and the longest life on earth On the top of the roof, there are four dragons which create the shape of lotus flower, symbolized the purity of Buddha... cultural of the country Questions: 1 When is the festival day of Lang pagoda? It is on the 7th of the third lunar month 2 Why were elephants used for the King? In the past, a horse used for mandarin and elephant was the main transportation of King The elephant is very strong It is also loyally with host So it was used to show power of the King 3 What are the meanings of 4 sacred animals? There are . in Hanoi. We hope that tourists who are interested in traditional architecture of Hanoi will satisfactory with them. Itinerary Tour: Searching the traditional. garden 9 The gate of pagoda The roof of pagoda 10 The way in pagoda 11 THE ONE PILLAR PAGODA The One pillar pagoda is one of the most popular tourist attractions