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object I object to working overtime/having to work overtime.. She insisted that I had to leave immediately.[r]
(1)TRANSFORMATIONS Transformations 1 If it doesn't rain soon, millions of pounds' worth of crops will be lost Unless it rains soon, millions of Although the team played well, they lost Despite (their) playing well, … / the fact that… Galileo is considered to be the father of modern astronom Galileo is regarded as the father of The only way you can become a good athlete is by training hard every day Only by training hard every day can you become He speaks more persuasively than his brother He is a more persuasive speaker than his brother He can hardly read at all (virtually) He is virtually blind / illiterate He can speak French well enough to go to the conference (fluent) His French is fluent enough to go to the conference He is fluent enough in French to go to the … I travel by bus only when I have no alternative (resort) I resort to traveling by bus only when… I travel by bus only as a last resort Immediately after his arrival, things went wrong No sooner had he arrived than things went wrong 10 "I must see the manager!" he cried He insisted on seeing the manager 11 I had better get back to work It's high time I got back to work 12 The last time it rained was a fortnight ago It hasn't rained for a fortnight It last rained a fortnight ago 13 He never has enough money He's always short of money / hard up / broke 14 Martin had difficulty in accepting the loss of his money (hard) Martin had a hard time accepting / found it hard to accept 15 My father speaks very little English (hardly) My father hardly speaks any English 16 He said he was not guilty of stealing the car He denied stealing the car 17 I'm sorry now that I asked her to stay Now I wish I hadn’t asked her to stay 18 He never suspected that the money had been stolen At no time did he ever suspect that 19 I have never seen such a mess in my life! Never in my life have I seen 20 If I were left alone, I'd finish the job quickly (interrupting) If people didn't keep interrupting, I'd finish the job quickly 21 The notice said that you could not smoke in class (forbidden) The notice said that smoking in class was forbidden / it was forbidden to smoke in class 22 My mother did not like my new shoes (disapproved) My mother disapproved of 23 Anne’s dedication to her work has always been exemplary (herself) Anne has always dedicated herself to her work/job in… (2) 24 The delay is a nuisance, but I’m sure Sam can solve our problems (come) … Sam can come up with a/the solution/answer / the/some solutions/answers to… 25 Henrik was very pleased to be selected for the team (delight) Much to Henrik’s delight/to the delight of Henrik, he was selected… 26 Yoshi wanted to make sure that everything was as it should be on the big day (leave) Yoshi didn’t want to leave anything to chance… 27 It may seem strange, but the composer has no formal training in music (lacks) Strange as/though it seems/appears, the composer lacks any… 28 I’ve never thought of asking the hotel staff for advice about restaurants (occurred) It has never occurred to me to ask… 29 In spite of all my efforts, I couldn’t persuade Soraya to come to the concert (hard) No matter how hard I tried, … 30 The police had to let the suspect go because new evidence was produced (light) The police had to let the suspect go, in the light of (the) new evidence produced 31 The cost of building materials has gone up a great deal recently (sharp) There has been a sharp/dramatic rise in/of the cost/price of … 32 Don’t let her relaxed manner deceive you; she’s an extremely shrewd businesswoman! (taken) Don’t let yourself be/get taken in by… 33 Unless the weather changes dramatically overnight, we’ll be leaving at dawn (no) Provided (that) there is/are no dramatic change/changes in/to… 34 Werner found it hard to get used to the fact that he’d lost his job (terms) Werner found it hard to come to terms with the fact that… 35 Simon does not intend to visit his aunt again (has) Simon has (got) no intention of (ever) visiting… 36 They gave Despina the impression that she would win first prize (believe) Despina was let/given to believe that… 37 Selena really has no idea of the difficulty of finding a parking place (how) Little does Selena know/suspect/realise how difficult/hard it is/it will be to… TRANSFORMATIONS : They had to wait for twelve hours before their flight left Only after a 12-hour wait / delay of 12 hours did their flight leave He insisted on a full apology Nothing but a full apology would satisfy him / was good enough for him / would for him Their teacher is making them study hard They are being made to study hard The band was just as good as we had expected They certainly lived up to our expectations Even though I admire his courage, I think he is foolish Much as I admire his courage, I think he's foolish "You don't appreciate me," she complained (granted) "You take me for granted,"she complained The man in that painting bears a strong resemblance to my uncle (reminds) The man in that painting reminds me very much of my uncle Someone has stolen their bicycle (had) He had his bicycle stolen After two hours the bridegroom still hadn't appeared (sign) After two hours there was still no sign of the bridegroom 10 The critics were impressed by her performance Her performance made a considerable impression on the critics 11 No matter how hard I tried, I couldn't find the answer to the question (3) Try as hard as I might, I couldn't… 12 When are the council going to something about the city's traffic problems? It's high time the council did something about 13 I didn't realise who he was until later Only later did I realize who he was 14 Given fair warning, I could have avoided that date If you had told me in advance / beforehand, I could've avoided … 15 It is mu strong belief that John was responsible (suspect) I strongly suspect John of being responsible / having been responsible 16 He has good relationships with all his students (gets) He gets on well with all his students 17 His rude behaviour is too much for me (put) I won't put up with his rude behaviour 18 The meeting was well attended (turned) A lot of people turned up for the meeting 19 It was obvious that the old house was past its prime (days) The old house had seen / had known better days 20 "Let's go for a walk in the park, " said Andrew Andrew suggested going for a walk/that they went for a walk/that they should go for a walk 21 I'm sure he didn't know that his brother was seriously ill He couldn't possibly have known that… 22 The result of the match was never in doubt At no time was the result of the match ever in doubt 23 Most people know that Britain's economy is heavily dependent on North Sea oil (common) It's common knowledge that… 24 I'd be grateful if you would check these accounts for me (mind) Do you mind checking those accounts for me? 25 It's unlikely that the contractor will complete the work before February (take) The work is likely to take until February 26 The PM was determined to remain in office The PM had no intention of resigning / giving up office 27 The refugees continued to feel unsafe until they had crossed the border Not until the refugees had crossed the border did they begin to feel safe 28 There are more people out of work in this country than ever before Never before have there been so many people out of work 29 You must be on time for your interview (essential) It's essential that you are on time… 30 Only if you work hard now have you any chance of success (depends) Whether or not you succeed depends on your working hard / Your only chance of success depends on… 31 He'll settle down Then his performance will improve Once he settles down / has settled down, his performance will improve 32 She complains far too often for my liking (frequent) Her complaints are far too frequent for my liking 33 I find his handwriting very hard to read (difficulty) I have considerable difficulty in reading his handwriting 34 It is said that he escaped to a neutral territory He is said to have escaped 35 In spite of the forecast it stayed fine Although rain was forecast, it stayed fine 36 We'd prefer you not to smoke We'd rather you didn’t smoke (4) 37 Provided your handwriting is legible, the examiner will accept your answer So long as the examiner can read your writing, he will accept your answer 38 Without his help we would all have died If it hadn't been for his help we would all have died 39 He forgot about the gun until he got home Not until he got home did he remember about the gun 40 May I borrow your pen? Would you mind lending me your pen? 41 If the work is finished by lunchtime you can go home Get the work finished by… and you can go home 42.Although Judy was severely disabled she participated in many sports Despite her severe disability, Judy 43 That was my first time in Rome (never) I had never been to Rome before TRANSFORMATIONS The first candidate impressed the interviewers immediately (made) The first candidate made an immediate/instant impression on/upon… The area is completely devoid of vegetation (whatsoever) There was no vegetation whatsoever (growing) in… No matter what happens, we will never business with that firm again (ever) Under no circumstances will we (ever) work with that firm again The news that the Prime Minister had resigned came as a great shock to everyone (aback) Everyone was taken aback by the news of the… I’ll get ready before your arrival By the time you arrive, I’ll get ready I’m afraid it’s much salty for me to eat it now It’s so salty that I can’t eat it now He got into bed and immediately fell fast asleep The moment he got into bed, he fell fast asleep There are bound to be problems whether you adopt one plan or another Whichever plan you adopt, there are bound to be problems After the beginning of the opera, late comers had to wait before taking their seats Once the opera began, late comers… 10 The only way for us to keep safe was to keep close to the guide As long as we kept close to the guide, we were safe 11 I expected the test to be easier than that The test wasn’t as easy as I had expected 12 You’ll be able to relax soon if we get there as quickly as possible The quicker we get there, the sooner you’ll be able to relax 13 It may look difficult, but it’s easy once you have the knack However difficult it may look, it’s easy… 14 The plan may be ingenious, but it will never work in practice Ingenious as it may be, the plan will… 15 We tried very hard, but we couldn’t talk him out of his crazy scheme Try as hard as we did,… 16 This is the first time that TV has played such an important role in our lives Never before has TV played… 17 It’s unusual for the temperature to fall below freezing in the south of the country Seldom does the temperature fall… 18 If you obey the regulations, you’ll be permitted to fish in the river (long) (5) As long as you obey… 19 Taking the necessary precautions, you shouldn’t have any health problems (provided) Provided (that) you take the necessary precautions,… 20 Your refusal to co-operate would cause immediate expulsion from the country (should) Should you refuse to co-operate… 21 If we took effective action now, we could still save the rainforest (were) If we were to take… 22 He can tell how much a picture is worth immediately he sees it (glance) He can tell how much a picture is worth at first glance 23 As far as I know she is still working for the same company (knowledge) To my knowledge, … 24 They don’t get on well with their neighbours (terms) They are not on friendly terms with their neighbours 25 I wanted to find a new job because I felt bored with my life (rut) I wanted to find a new job because I felt (as if/though) I was stuck in a rut 26 We couldn’t possibly sell this paining (question) Selling this painting is out of the question 27 When the theft was discovered, Mike was dismissed immediately (led) The discovery of the theft led to Mike’s immediate dismissal 28 Although I should have telephoned my boss today, I just didn’t have time (supposed) I was supposed to call my boss today, but… 29 Bad weather led to the cancellation of the trip yesterday (account) The trip was cancelled on account of (the) bad weather 30 It terrifies me just to think about climbing that mountain (mere) The mere idea of climbing that mountain terrifies me 31 The opposition were just strong to beat (such) It was such strong opposition, that it was impossible to beat them/they were impossible to beat 32 I really don’t like when I have to work overtime (object) I object to working overtime/having to work overtime 33 She insisted that I had to leave immediately (my) She insisted on my immediate leaving 34 We only realised what had been happening after the accident (unaware) We were unaware of what had been… 35 You have to book specially if you want to tour the Olympic stadium (arrangement) You have to make a special arrangement if you… 36 He is the quickest learner I’ve ever met (so) I have never met so quick a learner 37 He was arrested when the police found the stolen painting in his home (possession) He was arrested when the police caught him in possession of the stolen painting TRANSFORMATIONS 4: Somebody will slash your car tyres if you park here You will have your tyres slashed if you park here They were quite appalled by the dirty condition of the flat They found the dirty condition of the flat appalling All crew members were killed in the explosion Not a single crew member survived the explosion You’ll have to pay the mechanic even if the car cannot be repaired Whether the car can be repaired or not, you’ll still have to pay the mechanic Even though I tried to understand the lesson, I learnt almost nothing Despite trying to understand the lesson, I learnt (6) He didn’t remember his key until he had shut the door Only after he had shut the door/shutting the door did he remember his key Who is the owner of this fine thing? Who does this fine thing belong to? She acted brilliantly at the school party She gave a brilliant performance at the school party It was later admitted that the information had been obtained from unreliable sources The information was later admitted to have been obtained from 10 They believe he is studying in London He is believed to be studying 11 Has someone mended the cooker? Have you had the cooker mended? 12 It’s a pity he left! If only he had stayed! 13 He was behaving disgracefully towards his relations I complained about his disgraceful behavior towards 14 He attended to the problem immediately He gave the problem immediate attention 15 Everyone must wear a seat belt Wearing a seat belt is obligatory/mandatory/a must 16 Legislation can never be perfect There is no such thing as perfect legislation 17 In Britain, the element that seems to pose the most risk is age In Britain, age is the element that seems to pose 18 The report recommended the factory’s immediate closure The report recommended that the factory be immediately closed 19 It appears that men and women adopt quite different strategies to avoid collisions Men and women seem to adopt quite 20 Although it was raining, they went on playing In spite of the rain, they 21 He got someone to paint his garage He had his garage painted 22 It won’t be advisable for you to go to work tomorrow You (had) better not go to work 23 It wasn’t necessary for you to make all that noise when you came home You needn’t have made all that noise 24 I had no sooner opened the door than the telephone rang No sooner had I opened the door than the telephone rang 25 Nobody told us what to expect We were not told what to expect 26 He was not able to dissuade him from leaving school (FAILED) He failed to dissuade him from 27 Without extra cash, he won’t be able to manage (UNLESS) Unless he has extra cash, he won’t 28 Mr Smith was on the point of retiring (ABOUT) Mr Smith was about to retire 29 The manager asked me to consider this proposal very carefully (CONSIDERATION) The manager asked me to take this proposal under careful consideration 30 My parents met in 1970 (SINCE) My parents have known each other since 1970 31 Whatever happens I shan’t change my mind (MATTER) No matter what happens, I shan’t (7) 32 Could you possibly share your book with me? (MIND) Do you mind sharing ? 33 The mechanic checked the tyres on my car (HAD) I had the tyres on my car checked 34 She speaks English well (COMMAND) She has an excellent command of English/Her command of English is excellent 35 The barrister asked for the acquittal of the prisoners by the court (SHOULD) The barrister said that the prisoners should be acquitted by the court - THE END - (8)