Electricity has always played a fundamental role in our daily life and recently it has been paid attention by lots of people. Therefore, electricity is one of the factors that can’t be missed in the process of protecting the environment. In this technological era, when machines and robots start to take over human life with their convenience, it is extremely crucial to use the electricity smartly and economically in order to meet the human’s demand and be friendly with enviroment. Moreover, many researchers have shown that nowadays living standard is increasing significantly. Thanks to the noticeable increase in income and this have a great impact on how people use electricity, especially in urban areas. Therefore, in this assignment, our team will concentrate on analyzing and giving statistics about the relationship between electricity and income of a province in Vietnam –
Table of Contents Assignment of Probability and Mathematical Statistics Introduction Electricity has always played a fundamental role in our daily life and recently it has been paid attention by lots of people Therefore, electricity is one of the factors that can’t be missed in the process of protecting the environment In this technological era, when machines and robots start to take over human life with their convenience, it is extremely crucial to use the electricity smartly and economically in order to meet the human’s demand and be friendly with enviroment Moreover, many researchers have shown that nowadays living standard is increasing significantly Thanks to the noticeable increase in the income and this has a great impact on how people use electricity, especially in urban areas Therefore, in this assignment, our team will concentrate on analysing and giving statistics about the relationship between electricity and income of a province in Vietnam – urban area in Nam Dinh province EBBA10.3_G2 Assignment of Probability and Mathematical Statistics Income and electricity per head in 2010 As we can see, the above chart is the combination between scatter plot and the linear This two kind of charts indicate different meanings about the relationship between income and electricity per head According to the scatter plot, we can easily notice that the electricity per head between roughly 450thousand VND and approximately 510thousandVND is used by most of the citizens while the income per head between 10 million VND and nearly 20 million VND is the income of most of the people in the urban in Nam Dinh in 2010 Being caculated, it also can be seen that the expenditure for electricity usually occurs 3%-5% of the total income per head in the city Another point need to consider is that quartile and are all at the popular range of income and electricity per head which are 11 million and 430 thousandVND for Q1 respectively; 16 million and 460 thousand VND for Q2 Looking at the linear, we can obviously conclude that there is a positive relationship between the income per head and electricity per head, which mean: if people have a bigger income, they tend to pay more and more money for electricity expenditure EBBA10.3_G2 Assignment of Probability and Mathematical Statistics It can be concluded from the chart that in 2010, most of the people in Nam Dinh have low income and that is why they use really small amount of the electricity (in other word, they use the electricity economically) Income and electricity per head in 2012 EBBA10.3_G2 Assignment of Probability and Mathematical Statistics It is clear that the income per head of urban area in 2012 concentrated from 2,000 to 40,000 (thousand VND) and the amount of electricity per head used by each household often concentrated under 1,000 (thousand VND) It is higher than in 2010 The income per head and the electricity per head of household groups in 2012 are also shown in the quartile in the above chart Comparing to the chart in 2010, we realize that there is an increase in each quartile Q1, Q2, Q3 By calculating, r (the correlation coefficient) measures linear relationship between income per head and electricity per head approximately equal 0.77 > 0.So when the income per head increases, the electricity per head also increases It can be concluded from the chart that it has an increase in the income per head of urban area in Nam Dinh in 2012 This area also has clear changes in the cost of electric consumption This indicates that when the quality of life increases, resulting in the growing demand for electricity from years to years EBBA10.3_G2 Assignment of Probability and Mathematical Statistics Income and electricity per head in 2014 This is a scatter plot showing the relationship between income per head and electricity per head Spots are mainly distributed in the 3rd quadrant area of the plot The quartiles are also in this area Therefore, we can say that the income per head is mainly in the range from 10 million VND to 60 million VND The electricity per head ranges from 0.3 million VND to 1.7 million VND Besides, the more income increases, the more money spent for electricity increases For example, when income is about 10 million VND, the money for electricity is about 0.3 million VND The income is about 20 million VND, then the money for electricity is 0.5 million When the income is about 45 million VND, the money for electricity is about 0.45 million VND EBBA10.3_G2 Assignment of Probability and Mathematical Statistics Conclusion : It is clear that there was icreases in the income per head of urban area in Nam Dinh in 2014 The increase also happened to electricity per head in this area This indicates that when the standard of life increases, the demand for electricity increases Comparison between income groups from 2010 to 2014 From the boxplot, we can recognize the income quartile increasing over the years Especially, it increases sharply in low and middle income groups The income quartile saw a significant EBBA10.3_G2 Assignment of Probability and Mathematical Statistics growth between 2010 and 2012 In Q1 group, we see that income per head of this quartile of 2012 is 169.74 % compared to 2010 Similarly in Q2 is 159.64 % and Q3 is 133.37 % This proves that the lives of people in urban areas of Nam Dinh are greatly improved, especially the poorest households It also shows that Nam Dinh is well implementing policies to improve people's living standards, eliminate hunger and reduce poverty The distance between quartiles is decreasing Narrowing the income gap between rich and poor groups The width of the boxplot is reduced from 14679 thousand VND (2010) to 11527 thousand VND ( 2014) It shows that the gap between the richest and poorest income groups has narrowed over the years Especially in 2014, the chart was symmetrical It can be concluded that the majority of per capita income is concentrated near the median EBBA10.3_G2 Assignment of Probability and Mathematical Statistics EBBA10.3_G2 Assignment of Probability and Mathematical Statistics Comparison between electricity user groups from 2010 to 2014 Along with the increase in the income per head , the amount of money spent on electricity consumption has also increased over the years in all groups ( use a lot, average and little ) From 2010 to 2012, there is a great growth in the group uses a lot of electricity and average of electricity In the second quartile , it increased from 490 to 905 thousand VND Moving to the third quartile , it increased from 676.25 to 1267.75 thousand VND From this, it can be seen that the increase in electricity usage rate increases faster than the income level 10 EBBA10.3_G2 Assignment of Probability and Mathematical Statistics From 2010 to 2014 we can see that : + Q1 of electricity increased times while Q1 of income increased 2.4 times + Q2 of electricity increased times while Q1 of income increased 2.2 times + Q3 of electricity increased 2.5 times while Q1 of income increased 1.5 times From the increase in the distance between the quartiles The money spends on electricity usage increased in all groups from 2010 to 2014 Especially, in the middle and low power users group it increased higher than the group uses a lot of electricity 11 EBBA10.3_G2 Assignment of Probability and Mathematical Statistics Conclusion After analyzing in detail about the income and the use of electricity of the urban area in Nam Dinh in years 2010, 2012 and 2014, we can conclude that the income of the citizen here is improved significantly years by years, resulting in the expenditure of electricity also follows the trend of the income and it seems to be more significant than that of income Nam Dinh has made lots of achievement in upgrading the people’ living standard since the value of each quartiles is increase noticeably in the period of years which mean the poor household is getting richer to reach the average income and the distinguish of poor and rich became smaller and smaller And this makes a strong effect to the citizens’ behaviour in using the electricity since they tend to spend a lot more money for electricity, especially people at the middle and high income group 12 EBBA10.3_G2 ... majority of per capita income is concentrated near the median EBBA10.3_G2 Assignment of Probability and Mathematical Statistics EBBA10.3_G2 Assignment of Probability and Mathematical Statistics... if people have a bigger income, they tend to pay more and more money for electricity expenditure EBBA10.3_G2 Assignment of Probability and Mathematical Statistics It can be concluded from the... (in other word, they use the electricity economically) Income and electricity per head in 2012 EBBA10.3_G2 Assignment of Probability and Mathematical Statistics It is clear that the income per