Ebook - Beginning ASP.NET 4 in C# 2010
Beginning ASP.NET 4 in C# 2010 ■ ■ ■ Matthew MacDonald Beginning ASP.NET in C# 2010 Copyright © 2010 by Matthew MacDonald All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright the publisher. ISBN-13 (pbk): 978-1-4302-2608-6 ISBN-13 (electronic): 978-1-4302-2609-3 Printed and bound in the United States of America 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Trademarked names, logos, and images may appear in this book. Rather than use a trademark symbol with every occurrence of a trademarked name, logo, or image we use the names, logos, and images only in an editorial fashion and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. 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Contents About the Author xxv About the Technical Reviewer . xxvi Acknowledgments xxvii Introduction . xxviii Part 1: Introducing .NET .1 ■ Chapter 1: The .NET Framework 3 The Evolution of Web Development .3 HTML and HTML Forms 3 Server-Side Programming 6 Client-Side Programming .7 The .NET Framework .9 C#, VB, and the .NET Languages 11 The Common Language Runtime .13 The .NET Class Library 14 Visual Studio .15 The Last Word 16 ■ Chapter 2: The C# Language 17 The .NET Languages 17 C# Language Basics 18 Case Sensitivity 18 Commenting .18 Statement Termination .19 v ■ CONTENTS Blocks .20 Variables and Data Types 20 Assignment and Initializers 22 Strings and Escaped Characters 24 Arrays .24 Enumerations .26 Variable Operations .27 Advanced Math .29 Type Conversions .29 Object-Based Manipulation .31 The String Type 32 The DateTime and TimeSpan Types .34 The Array Type 36 Conditional Logic .37 The if Statement .38 The switch Statement .39 Loops .40 The for Loop 40 The foreach Loop 41 The while loop 42 Methods .43 Parameters .44 Method Overloading .45 Optional and Named Parameters 46 Delegates 47 The Last Word 48 ■ Chapter 3: Types, Objects, and Namespaces .49 The Basics About Classes 49 Static Members 50 A Simple Class 51 vi ■ CONTENTS Building a Basic Class .51 Creating an Object 53 Adding Properties .54 Automatic Properties 56 Adding a Method 56 Adding a Constructor 57 Adding an Event 59 Testing the Product Class .60 Value Types and Reference Types .63 Assignment Operations 63 Equality Testing 64 Passing Parameters by Reference and by Value 64 Reviewing .NET Types 65 Understanding Namespaces and Assemblies 67 Using Namespaces .68 Importing Namespaces .69 Assemblies .70 Advanced Class Programming .71 Inheritance 71 Static Members 73 Casting Objects .74 Partial Classes 76 Generics 77 The Last Word 79 Part 2: Developing ASP.NET Applications .81 ■ Chapter 4: Visual Studio .83 The Promise of Visual Studio .83 Creating Websites 84 Creating an Empty Web Application .85 vii ■ CONTENTS Websites and Web Projects 89 The Hidden Solution Files .90 The Solution Explorer .91 Adding Web Forms .92 Migrating a Website from a Previous Version of Visual Studio .93 Designing a Web Page .95 Adding Web Controls 96 The Properties Window 98 The Anatomy of a Web Form .100 The Web Form Markup .100 The Page Directive 101 The Doctype 102 The Essentials of XHTML 104 Writing Code 110 The Code-Behind Class 110 Adding Event Handlers .110 Outlining .112 IntelliSense .113 Code Formatting and Coloring 117 Visual Studio Debugging 118 The Visual Studio Web Server 118 Single-Step Debugging .119 Variable Watches 124 The Last Word 125 ■ Chapter 5: Web Form Fundamentals 127 The Anatomy of an ASP.NET Application .127 ASP.NET File Types .128 ASP.NET Application Directories .129 Introducing Server Controls .130 HTML Server Controls .131 viii ■ CONTENTS Converting an HTML Page to an ASP.NET Page 131 View State 134 The HTML Control Classes 135 Adding the Currency Converter Code .138 Event Handling 140 Behind the Scenes with the Currency Converter 142 Error Handling .144 Improving the Currency Converter .144 Adding Multiple Currencies 145 Storing Information in the List 146 Adding Linked Images 147 Setting Styles .150 A Deeper Look at HTML Control Classes 151 HTML Control Events 151 Advanced Events with the HtmlInputImage Control .152 The HtmlControl Base Class .154 The HtmlContainerControl Class .155 The HtmlInputControl Class 155 The Page Class 156 Sending the User to a New Page 157 HTML Encoding .158 Application Events .160 The global.asax File 161 Additional Application Events .162 ASP.NET Configuration 163 The web.config File 163 Nested Configuration 164 Storing Custom Settings in the web.config File .166 The Website Administration Tool (WAT) .168 The Last Word 170 ix ■ CONTENTS ■ Chapter 6: Web Controls 173 Stepping Up to Web Controls. .173 Basic Web Control Classes . .174 The Web Control Tags .175 Web Control Classes. 176 The WebControl Base Class 177 Units . 179 Enumerations .179 Colors . 180 Fonts. 181 Focus . .183 The Default Button 183 List Controls. .184 Multiple-Select List Controls . 185 The BulletedList Control .187 Table Controls. 188 Web Control Events and AutoPostBack . .193 How Postback Events Work. 197 The Page Life Cycle 198 A Simple Web Page. 201 Improving the Greeting Card Generator. 206 Generating the Cards Automatically . .208 The Last Word. 211 ■ Chapter 7: Error Handling, Logging, and Tracing .213 Common Errors. 213 Exception Handling. 215 The Exception Class .215 The Exception Chain .217 x ■ CONTENTS Handling Exceptions 218 Catching Specific Exceptions .219 Nested Exception Handlers .221 Exception Handling in Action 222 Mastering Exceptions .224 Throwing Your Own Exceptions .224 Logging Exceptions 229 Viewing the Windows Event Logs .229 Writing to the Event Log .232 Custom Logs .234 A Custom Logging Class .236 Retrieving Log Information .237 Page Tracing 239 Enabling Tracing .240 Tracing Information 240 Writing Trace Information .246 Application-Level Tracing .250 The Last Word 252 ■ Chapter 8: State Management .253 The Problem of State .253 View State 253 The ViewState Collection 254 A View State Example .254 Making View State Secure .255 Retaining Member Variables 257 Storing Custom Objects 259 Transferring Information Between Pages 260 Cross-Page Posting 260 The Query String .265 xi ■ CONTENTS Cookies 269 A Cookie Example .271 Session State .272 Session Tracking 272 Using Session State 273 A Session State Example 274 Session State Configuration 277 Cookieless 278 Timeout .281 Mode .281 Application State 286 An Overview of State Management Choices 288 The Last Word 290 Part 3: Building Better Web Forms .291 ■ Chapter 9: Validation .293 Understanding Validation .293 The Validation Controls .294 Server-Side Validation 295 Client-Side Validation .295 The Validation Controls 295 A Simple Validation Example 297 Other Display Options .299 Manual Validation .302 Validating with Regular Expressions 304 A Validated Customer Form 308 Validation Groups 313 The Last Word 314 xii . Beginning ASP. NET 4 in C# 2010 ■ ■ ■ Matthew MacDonald Beginning ASP. NET in C# 2010 Copyright © 2010 by Matthew MacDonald All. publisher. ISBN-13 (pbk): 97 8-1 -4 3 0 2-2 60 8-6 ISBN-13 (electronic): 97 8-1 -4 3 0 2-2 60 9-3 Printed and bound in the United States of America 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Trademarked