Chuyên đề ôn thi tiếng anh

Chuyên đề ôn thi tiếng anh

Chuyên đ Luyn thi Tt nghip THPT và Luyn thi i hc, Cao đng 2009 CHUYÊN  LUYN THI TT NGHIP THPT VÀ LUYN THI I HC, CAO NG 2009 Môn: TING ANH Chuyên đ: CÂU O NG I. MC ÍCH CHUYÊN  - o ng là mt ch đ khó và rt d quên. o ng đ cp ti hin tng đng t không theo qui tc trong câu. Trong trng hp này, dng thc nghi vn (có cu trúc: tr đng t + ch ng + đng t chính) nm ngay trong cu trúc câu khng đnh. Chuyên đ này s gii thiu vi các em các dng đo ng chính. II. KIN THC C BN 1. nh ngha – Trong mt s trng hp các phó t không đng  v trí bình thng ca nó mà đo lên đng  đu câu nhm nhn mnh vào hành đng ca ch ng. Ngi ta gi đó là câu đo ng. Trong trng hp đó ng pháp s thay đi, đng sau phó t đng đu câu là tr đng t ri mi đn ch ng và đng t chính. Ví d: Little did I know that he was a compulsive liar. At no time (= never) did I say I would accept late homework. 2. Câu đo ng có cha trng t ph đnh 2.1. Nhóm t “rarely, seldom, never” Câu đo ng cha nhng trng t này thng đc dùng vi đng t  dng hoàn thành hay đng t khuyt thiu và có th cha so sánh hn. Ví d: Never have I been more insulted! (Cha bao gi tôi b lng m hn th). Never in her life had she experienced this exhilarating emotion. Seldom has he seen anything stranger. (Him khi anh y nhìn thy mt cái gì kì l hn th). Seldom have I seen him looking so miserable. 2.2. Nhóm t “hardly, scarcely, no sooner, barely” Câu đo ng cha trng ng này thng đc dùng đ din đt mt chui các s kin xy ra trong quá kh. Ví d: Scarcely had I got out of bed when the doorbell rang. (Him khi chuông ca reo mà tôi thc dy). Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trng chung ca hc trò Vit Trang 1 Chuyên đ Luyn thi Tt nghip THPT và Luyn thi i hc, Cao đng 2009 No sooner had he finished dinner than she walked in the door. (Khi anh y va mi n ti xong thì ch ta bc vào ca). 3. Nhóm t kt hp sau “only” nh: only after, only then, only when… Only after/only when/only then/only if + tr đng t + S + V…: ch sau khi…. Only by + noun/V-ing + tr đng t/ đng t khuyt thiu + S + V….: ch bng cách làm gì Only then did I understand the problem. (Ch sau lúc đó tôi mi hiu ra đc vn đ). Only by hard work will we be able to accomplish this great task. Only by studying hard can you pass this exam. Chú ý: nu trong câu có hai mnh đ, chúng ta dùng đo ng  mnh đ th hai: Only when you grow up, can you understand it. Only if you tell me the truth, can I forgive you. Only after the film started did I realise that I'd seen it before. 4. Nhóm t “so, such” Ü Câu đo ng có cha “So” mang cu trúc nh sau: So + tính t + to be + Danh t … Ví d: So strange was the situation that I couldn't sleep. (Tình hung này kì l khin tôi không th ng đc). So difficult is the test that students need three months to prepare. (Bài kim tra khó ti mc mà các sinh viên cn 3 tháng chun b). Ü Câu đo ng có cha “Such” mang cu trúc nh sau: Such + to be + Danh t +… Ví d: Such is the moment that all greats traverse. (Tht là thi khc tr ngi ln lao). Such is the stuff of dreams. (Tht là mt gic m vô ngha). 5. Cu trúc câu “not only…but also….” Not only + tr đng t + S +V + but also + S + V… Ví d: Not only does he study well, but also he sings well. 6. Mt s cu trúc khác Ü In/ Under no circumstances: Dù trong bt c hoàn cnh nào cng không Under no circumstances should you lend him the money. Ü On no account: Dù bt c lý do gì cng không On no accout must this switch be touched. Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trng chung ca hc trò Vit Trang 2 Chuyên đ Luyn thi Tt nghip THPT và Luyn thi i hc, Cao đng 2009 Ü Only in this way: Ch bng cách này Only in this way could the problem be solved Ü In no way: Không sao có th In no way could I agree with you. Ü By no means: Hoàn toàn không By no means does he intend to criticize your idea. Ü Negative ., nor + auxiliary + S + V He had no money, nor did he know anybody from whom he could borrow. Ü Khi mt mnh đ m đu bng các thành ng ch ni chn hoc trt t thì đng t chính có th đo lên ch ng nhng tuyt đi không đc s dng tr đng t trong trng hp này. Clause of place/ order + main verb + S (no auxiliary) In front of the museum is a statue. First came the ambulance, then came the police. (Thot đu là xe cu thng chy đn, tip sau là cnh sát.) Ü Khi mt ng gii t làm phó t ch đa đim hoc phng hng đng  đu câu, các ni đng t đt lên trc ch ng nhng tuyt đi không đc s dng tr đng t trong loi câu này. Nó rt ph bin trong vn mô t khi mun din đt mt ch ng không xác đnh: Under the tree was lying one of the biggest men I had ever seen. Directly in front of them stood a great castle. On the grass sat an enormous frog. Along the road came a strange procession. Ü Tân ng mang tính nhn mnh cng có th đo lên đu câu: Not a single word did he say. Ü Các phó t away ( = off ), down, in, off, out, over, round, up . có th theo sau là mt đng t chuyn đng và sau đó là mt danh t làm ch ng: – Away/down/in/off/out/over/round/up .+ motion verb + noun/noun phrase as a subject. Away went the runners. Down fell a dozen of apples . – Nhng nu mt đi t nhân xng làm ch ng thì đng t phi đ sau ch ng: Away they went. Round and round it flew. – Trong ting Anh vit (written English) các ng gii t m đu bng các gii t down, from, in, on, over, out of, round, up . có th đc theo sau ngay bi đng t ch v trí (crouch, hang, lie, sit, stand .) hoc các dng đng t ch chuyn đng, các đng t nh be born/ die/ live và mt s dng đng t khác. Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trng chung ca hc trò Vit Trang 3 Chuyên đ Luyn thi Tt nghip THPT và Luyn thi i hc, Cao đng 2009 From the rafters hung strings of onions. In the doorway stood a man with a gun. On a perch beside him sat a blue parrot. Over the wall came a shower of stones. Ü Chú ý: các ví d trên có th din đt bng mt V-ing m đu cho câu và đng t “to be” đo lên trên ch ng: Hanging from the rafters were strings of onion. Standing in the doorway was a man with a gun. Sitting on a perch beside him was a blue parrot. III. CNG C KIN THC Bài tp 1: Vit li câu vi hình thc đo ng 1. She had never been so happy before. 2. I have never heard such nonsense! 3. I have never seen such a mess in my life. 4. Public borrowing has seldom been so high. 5. They had seldom participated in such a fascinating ceremony. 6. They little suspected that the musical was going to be a runaway success. 7. The embassy staff little realized that Ted was a secret agent. 8. I had hardly begun to apologize when the door closed. 9. The shop can in no way be held responsible for customers' lost property. 10. The couple had no sooner arrived than the priest started the ceremony. 11. Tom only understood the meaning of the comment when he saw his wife's face. 12. The restaurant cannot accept animals under any circumstances. 13. The artist rarely paid any attention to his agent's advice. Bài tp 2: Vit li câu sao cho ngha không thay đi. 1. Her grief was so great that she almost fainted. –> So…………………………………………. 2. He got down to writing the letter as soon as he returned from his walk. –> No sooner…………………………………………………… 3. She had hardly begun to speak before people started interrupting her. –> Hardly…………………………………………………………… 4. I only realized what I had missed when they told me about it later. –> Only when…………………………………………………… 5. You won’t find a more dedicated worker anywhere than Mrs John. –> Nowhere………………………………………… 6.–> The outcome of the election was never in doubt. –> At no time……………………………………. 7. He forgot about the gun until he got home. Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trng chung ca hc trò Vit Trang 4 Chuyên đ Luyn thi Tt nghip THPT và Luyn thi i hc, Cao đng 2009 –> Not until……………………………… 8. The only way you can become a good athlete is by training hard everyday. –> Only by………………………………………………………… áp án: Bài 1: 1. She had never been so happy before. --> Never had she been so happy before. 2. I have never heard such nonsense! --> Never have I heard such nonsense! 3. I have never seen such a mess in my life. --> Never have I seen such a mess in my life. 4. Public borrowing has seldom been so high. --> Seldom has public borrowing been so high. 5. They had seldom participated in such a fascinating ceremony. --> Seldom had they participated in such a fascinating ceremony. 6. They little suspected that the musical was going to be a runaway success. --> Little did they suspect that the musical was going to be a runaway success. 7. The embassy staff little realized that Ted was a secret agent. --> Little did the embassy staff realize that Ted was a secret agent. 8. I had hardly begun to apologize when the door closed. --> Hardly had I begun to apologise when the door closed. 9. The shop can in no way be held responsible for customers' lost property. --> In no way can the shop be held responsible for customers’ lost property. 10. The couple had no sooner arrived than the priest started the ceremony. --> No sooner had the couple arrived than the priest started the ceremony. 11. Tom only understood the meaning of the comment when he saw his wife's face. --> Only when Tom saw his wife’s face did he understand the meaning of the comment. 12. The restaurant cannot accept animals under any circumstances. --> Under no circumstances can the restaurant accept animals. 13. The artist rarely paid any attention to his agent's advice. --> Rarely did the artist pay any attention to his agent’s advice. Bài 2: 1. So great was her grief that she almost fainted. 2. No sooner had he returned from his walk than he got down to writing the letter. 3. Hardly had she begun to speak when people started interrupting her. 4. Only when they told me about it later did I realize what I had missed. 5. Nowhere will you find a more dedicated worker than Mrs John. Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trng chung ca hc trò Vit Trang 5 Chuyên đ Luyn thi Tt nghip THPT và Luyn thi i hc, Cao đng 2009 6. At no time was the outcome of the election in doubt. 7. Not until he got home did he remember about the gun. 8. Only by training hard everyday can you become a good athlete. IV. BÀI TP V NHÀ Bài tp: Chia đng t trong ngoc theo đúng dng: 1. Never before I (ask) ( accept) a bribe. 2. Not only they (rob) you, they smash everything too. 3. Not till he (get) home he realize that he (lose) his wallet. 4. On no account this switch (must) (touch). 5. Only by shouting he (be) able (make) himself (hear). 6. Only when he (remove) his dark glasses I (realize) who he was. 7. No sooner the burglars (leave) the building than someone (ring) the bell. 8. Not once the great reptile (surface). 9. Not since his childhood Jeff (be) back to the village. 10. Not until we (prepare) dinner together I finally (notice) she (wear) a new ring on her finger. 11. Seldom we (have) any time to ourselves. 12. Rarely he (meet) such a beautiful girl. 13. Hardly ever they (manage) to meet unobserved. 14. Look, there the children (go) to school. 15. Only then she (realize) her mistake. 16. Only by jerkiness in his movements it (can) (see) that he (be) old. 17. Only once he (do) such a thing. Giáo viên: Nguyn Th Tâm Ngun: Hocmai.vn Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trng chung ca hc trò Vit Trang 6 . Chuyên đ Luyn thi Tt nghip THPT và Luyn thi i hc, Cao đng 2009 CHUYÊN  LUYN THI TT NGHIP THPT VÀ LUYN THI I HC, CAO NG 2009 Môn:. trò Vit Trang 2 Chuyên đ Luyn thi Tt nghip THPT và Luyn thi i hc, Cao đng 2009 Ü Only in this way: Ch bng cách này Only in this way could the