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PIA IELTS EXPERT COURSE [Writing Task 2] TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION WRITING INTRODUCTION IN TASK PARAPHRASING BODY PARAGRAPHS IN TASK - 16 WORKSHOP 32 CONCLUSION 42 PRACTICE ESSAY WRITING 47 APPENDICIES Appendix A – Sample Questions & Answer 61 Appendix B – Essay questions by Topic - 65 Appendix C – Vocabulary - 77 REFERENCE 81 BASIC IELTS WRITING TASK 2(5.5) PAGE INTRODUCTION IELTS WRITING TASK The Writing Task of the IELTS test requires you to write at least 250 words You will be presented with a topic and will be tested on your ability to respond by giving and justifying an opinion, discussing the topic, summarizing details, outlining problems, identifying possible solutions and supporting what you write with reasons, arguments and relevant examples from your own Knowledge or experience QUESTION TYPES It is very important to identify the question type in order to build ideas properly before starting to write Agree or Disagree (Outweigh) Agree or Disagree (Discuss both views) Advantages and Disadvantages (Outweigh) Advantages and Disadvantages (Discuss both views) Cause & Effect Problem & Solution BASIC IELTS WRITING TASK 2(5.5) PAGE HOW TO PRESENT YOUR ESSAY Your essay should have at least four paragraphs The paragraph should include an introduction, two (body) paragraphs that show your opinions, arguments and examples It is important that you need to include a conclusion paragraph BASIC STRUCTURE GUIDE The introduction consists of sentences including general statement, outline and stance INTRODUCTION It is important to set a good image for your essay through your introduction The body paragraph should be structured in a logical way in order to present your idea clearly Have a topic sentence for each paragraph that briefly introduces what the paragraph will be about BODY PARAGRAPHS 1&2 Provide an explanation to your topic sentence and elaborate Provide an example to support your explanation This can be a personal experience or news or well known facts You must have a mixture of complex and simple sentences Briefly summarize the main points that you have talked in body paragraphs CONCLUSION Write a concluding statement Do not include any new ideas in this paragraph TIPS 1) You should spend no more than 40 minutes on a writing task and you should write at least 250 words 2) Interpret the question and understand essay structure 3) Brainstorm and plan your answer briefly Spend at least minutes doing this It is okay for fast writers to spend up to 10 minutes, but no more 4) Stick to your opinion Introduction & conclusion must be in the same direction 5) Use synonyms and paraphrases where possible Try not to repeat words often BASIC IELTS WRITING TASK 2(5.5) PAGE RECOMMENDED TIME FRAME FOR TASK Question interpretation 2min Brainstorm 5~10mins Introduction 3mins Body 10mins Body 10mins Conclusion 3mins Grammar check 2mins MARKING RUBRIC Task Achievement / Task Approach (TA) Possible problems in: Idea building – the ideas you present are off-topic or not specific enough Tone – sounding like you have changed your mind about your ideas while you are writing Coherence & Cohesion (CC) Coherence: Make sure that anybody who reads the essay has the same understanding Cohesion: How well it connects - Use of technical devices (connective words) : It is not just about using connective words, it‟s important to know how to use them correctly - Use of ideas which can be related or linked each other - Make sure your essay is in a logical organization (Introduction & Conclusion must be stating the same direction) Lexical Resource (LR) Make sure you are using vocabulary in the right context Paraphrasing is an important skill that examiners consider when assessing your essay Grammatical Range & Accuracy (GRA) The most common mistakes amongst students are - mis-matching the subject with the verb - mistakes in writing active and passive forms - missing articles or prepositions BASIC IELTS WRITING TASK 2(5.5) PAGE WRITING INTRODUCTION IN TASK The introduction is a way for you to introduce readers to your essay in order to convince them through your arguments It must provide a general statement which show the context in which you are arguing from You must introduce all the concepts and topics you wish to bring up within your essay‟s body Make it clear to the reader what your stance is / Make it clear what your essay will be discussing Structure of Introduction 1) General Statement: This should be a broad statement which is not as specific as the actual background provided to you in the question 2) Paraphrase A sentence should be paraphrased from the question itself, HOWEVER, you need to include more detailed topics about the perspective you will be taking to approach th e question 3) Thesis: Write a sentence which clearly states your stance/attitude towards the stimulus the question and this will outline the direction of your essay General statement Paraphrase Thesis BASIC IELTS WRITING TASK 2(5.5) PAGE PARAPHRASING Find the key words in the task question Find synonyms for those key words which are in the correct context Try to change the sentence structure and length - If you are given a task question which includes background, combine the two sentences into one shorter sentences - If you are given a task question which is rather short, then add a little more detail as to which context you will write your essay from Practice Task: Some people think that teenagers should unpaid work to help society because this will help them to get better individuals and also improve the society as a whole Discuss the advantages and disadvantages * underline the key words or phrases to paraphrase Answer _ _ _ _ BASIC IELTS WRITING TASK 2(5.5) PAGE Practice Task: Some people believe that the media, such as the press, TV and internet, should be more strictly controlled Others feel that control should be loosened to give people free access to information Do you agree or disagree? * underline the key words or phrases to paraphrase Answer _ _ _ _ _ Practice Task: Some people think environmental problems are too big for individuals to solve, while others think that governments cannot solve these environmental problems without individuals‟ active participation Give your ideas and relevant experiences or examples * underline the key words or phrases to paraphrase Answer _ _ _ _ _ BASIC IELTS WRITING TASK 2(5.5) PAGE Practice Task: Computers are being used more and more in education and some people believe there will soon be no role for the teacher in education To what extent to you agree or disagree? * underline the key words or phrases to paraphrase Answer _ _ _ Practice Task: A person should never make an important decision alone Discuss it and present your opinion * underline the key words or phrases to paraphrase Answer _ _ _ Practice Task: Modern lifestyle means that many parents have little time for their children Many children not get as much attention from their parents as children did in the past Do you agree or disagree? * underline the key words or phrases to paraphrase Answer _ _ _ BASIC IELTS WRITING TASK 2(5.5) PAGE COMMUNICATION Q1 With an increasing population communicating via the internet and text messaging, face to face communication will become a thing of the past To what extent you agree? Q2 Communication through text messaging and other instant forms of online communication are short and basic Some people think this will be the death of grammar and spelling Do you agree or disagree? Q3 Some people think that being able to communicate with others online is breaking down geographical barriers and enabling people, who would normally never have the chance to meet, to communicate? What are the advantages of international communication online? Are there any disadvantages to this? PERSONALITY Q1 Some people fail in school, but end up being successful in life Why you think that is the case? What is the most important thing to succeed in life? Q2 Some people think that intelligence is innate while others think that we can improve our intelligence through learning Discuss both sides and give your opinion Q3 Nowadays celebrities are more famous for their glamour and wealth than for their achievements, and this sets a bad example to young people To what extent you agree or disagree? BASIC IELTS WRITING TASK 2(5.5) PAGE 67 CRIME & PUNISHMENT Q1 The crime rate nowadays is decreasing compared to the past due to advance technology which can prevent and solve crime Do you agree or disagree? Q2 Internet crime is increasing rapidly as more and more people are using the internet to make financial transactions What can be done to tackle this problem? Q3 In some societies, the number of crimes committed by teenagers is growing Some people think that regardless of age, teenagers who commit major crimes should receive adult punishment To what extent you agree? EDUCATION Q1 Discipline is an ever increasing problem in modern schools Some people think that discipline should be the responsibility of teachers, while others think that this is the role of parents Discuss both sides and give your opinion Q2 Some people believe that children should not be given homework every day, while others believe that they must get homework every day in order to be successful in school Discuss both sides and give your opinion Q.3 Education should be accessible to people of all economic backgrounds All levels of education, from primary school to tertiary education should be free To what extent you agree with this opinion? BASIC IELTS WRITING TASK 2(5.5) PAGE 68 LANGUAGE Q1 Scientists predict that all people will choose to talk the same global language in the future Do you think this is a positive or negative development? Q2 Some people think that a person can never understand the culture of a country unless they speak the language Do you agree with this opinion? Q3 Some people think that you can never become fluent in a language unless you have spent time living or working in that country To what extent you agree? LEISURE AND FREE TIME Q1 Having more money and less free time is better than earning less money and having more free time Discuss both views and state your opinion Q2 Some people think that it is important to use leisure time for activities that improve the mind, such as reading and doing word puzzles Other people feel that it is important to rest the mind during leisure time Discuss the two views and give your opinion Q3 Some people believe that children‟s leisure activities must be educational, otherwise they are a complete waste of time Do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your experience MEDIA AND ADVERTISING Q1 Violence in the media promotes violence in society To what extent you agree? BASIC IELTS WRITING TASK 2(5.5) PAGE 69 Q2 Most people think that the truth should be objective rather than subjective when it comes to the news Do you think all news is true? What is the function of a newspaper? Q3 Many people think that fast food companies should not be allowed to advertise while others believe that all companies should have the right to advertise What is your opinion? READING Q1 Some people think that children who spend a lot of time reading children‟s story books are wasting their time which could be better used doing other more useful activities To what extent you agree? Q2 Some people think that e-books are the death of paper books while others think that paper books will never disappear Discuss both sides and give your opinion Q3 Libraries should focus on improving their technological resources rather than in building a larger collection of paper books To what extent you agree? SOCIETY Q1 Many countries aim to improve their living standard by economic development, but some important social values are lost as a result Do you think the advantages of economic development outweigh the disadvantages? Q2 Most societies have homeless people Some people think that the best way to help them is to give them money To what extent you agree? BASIC IELTS WRITING TASK 2(5.5) PAGE 70 Q3 The population of most cities is growing as people move to cities to find work and new opportunities What problems does overpopulation in cities cause? How can these problems be solved? SPACE EXPLORATION Q1 The government is spending a lot of money to discover life on other planets Some people think that government is wasting money and should spend more money addressing the problems of the public To what extent you agree? Q2 Some people think that space exploration is a waste of resources while others think it is essential for mankind to continue to explore the universe in which we live Discuss both sides and give your opinion Q3 Space exploration requires vast sums of money Is the amount of money spent on space research justifiable? Could the money be better spent? SPORT AND EXERCISE Q1 Some people think that dangerous sports should be banned, while others think people should be free to choose Discuss both views and give your opinion Q2 Ensuring that children have regular physical exercise should be the responsibility of parents and therefore schools should not waste valuable school time having sports lessons as part of the curriculum To what extent you agree? BASIC IELTS WRITING TASK 2(5.5) PAGE 71 Q3 Most countries apply to be the host of an international sporting competition, such as the Olympics, but only one is ever chosen What are the benefits for a country of hosting an international sports competition? Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages? TECHNOLOGY Q1 Some people argue that technological inventions, such as mobile phones, are making people socially less interactive Do you agree or disagree? Q2 With the development of technology children are now living in a world that is completely different to what it was 50 years ago What problems this cause for society and the family? Q3 Nowadays, children watch a lot of TV and play video games However, some people think that these activities are not good for a child‟s mental health To what extent you agree or disagree? TOURISM Q1 Tourism is an ever growing industry What benefits you think tourism brings to individuals and society? Q2 As a result of tourism, many historical buildings and sites are being damaged beyond repair What could be done to prevent this? Q3 The development of tourism contributed to English becoming the most prominent language in the world Some people think this will lead to English becoming the only language to be spoken globally What are the advantages and disadvantages to having one language in the world? BASIC IELTS WRITING TASK 2(5.5) PAGE 72 TRANSPORT AND TRAFFIC Q1 In some cities and towns all over the world, the high volume of traffic is a problem What are the causes of this and what actions can be taken to solve this problem? Q2 Some people think that it should be compulsory for people to retake their driving test every years What are the advantages and disadvantages of doing this? Q3 One way to solve the problem of congestion on the roads is to increase the tax on private cars How could this alleviate congestion? What other measures can you suggest to deal with congestion in cities? WORK Q1 Some employers want to be able to contact their staff at all times, even on holidays Does this development have more advantages than disadvantages? Q2 More and more people are moving away from an agricultural background to relocate to cities in order to look for work What will be the consequences of this? What solutions can you offer? Q3 First impressions are important Some people think that doing well in interviews is the key to securing a good job To what extent you agree or disagree? ENVIRONMENT Q1 Some people think the best way to solve global environmental problems is to increase the cost of fuel To what extent you agree or disagree? BASIC IELTS WRITING TASK 2(5.5) PAGE 73 Q2 While some people consider global warming to be the most pressing environmental problem which we have at the moment, others believe that deforestation has a more devastating impact on our world Discuss both sides and give your opinion Q3 Global environmental issues are the responsibility of rich nations not of poorer nations Do you agree with this opinion? FAMILY AND CHILDREN Q1 Most modern families have both parents working and as a result children spend less and less time with their parents What is the reason for this? What problems can this cause? Q2 Some people think it is better for children to grow up in the city, while others think that life in the countryside is more suitable What are the advantages and disadvantages of both places? Q3 In many modern societies, grandchildren rarely spend any quality time with their grandparents What you think are the consequences of this? FOOD AND DIET Q1 With a fast pace of modern life, more and more people are turning towards fast food for their main meals Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages? Q2 With an increasing number of people eating fast food, which if eating too regularly can cause health issues, some people think that the only solution is to ban it completely To what extent you agree? BASIC IELTS WRITING TASK 2(5.5) PAGE 74 Q3 Everyone should adopt a vegetarian diet because eating meat can cause serious health problems Do you agree or disagree? GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS Q1 A government has a responsibility to its citizens to ensure their safety Therefore, some people think that the government should increase spending on defense but spend less on social benefits To what extent you agree or disagree? Q2 Some people think that the government is responsible for the rise on obesity in children, while others think it is the fault of the parents Discuss both sides and give your opinion Q3 Some people think that only the government can make significant changes in society, while others think that individuals can have a lot of influence What is your opinion? HEALTH Q1 The prevention of health problems and illness is more important than treatment and medicine Government funding should reflect this To what extent you agree or disagree? Q2 Doctors should be responsible for educating their patients about how to improve their health Do you agree with this? Q3 More and more people are suffering from health problems caused by a modern lifestyle which cannot be treated with modern medicines Some people think that a return to traditional medicine should be encouraged To what extent you agree? BASIC IELTS WRITING TASK 2(5.5) PAGE 75 HOUSING Q1 In some countries, most people prefer to rent their homes rather than buying them What are the advantages and disadvantages of renting a home? Q2 Planting trees is very important for the environment Some people say trees should be planted in the vacant areas of cities and towns, while others say housing facilities should be built instead Do you agree or disagree? Q3 Many countries are experiencing population growth and need more homes Should these new homes be constructed in existing cities or should new homes be built in the countryside? BASIC IELTS WRITING TASK 2(5.5) PAGE 76 APPENDIX C [VOCABULARY] BASIC IELTS WRITING TASK 2(5.5) PAGE 77 Vocabulary for the Most Common Topics Below are just some key words and phrases for the most common IELTS Task essay topics: COMMON TOPIC FREQUENTLY USED WORDS AND PHRASES Environment vegetation, erosion, habitat, deforestation, inhabit, nocturnal, migrate, evolution, diverse, adapt, species, fossil fuels, renewable energy, emissions, climate change, conservation, ecosystem, thrive, sustainable, desertification Technology indispensable, innovative, develop, device, e-commerce, modify, breakthrough, obsolete, progress, affect, revolutionize, cuttingedge, privacy, social media, intuitive, viral, censorship, browse, wireless, online Education verbal, compulsory, curriculum, inquisitive, discipline, peer, remedial, graduate, qualification, research, visual, theory, degree, evaluate, analyze, distance learning, higher education, literacy Health rudimentary, rampant, administer, epidemic, diagnose, cognition, deterioration, chronic, impaired, disorder, alleviate, obese, narcotics, infect, addiction, examine, prevent, vaccine, nutrients Language globalize, fluent, translate, widely, appropriately, acquire, comprehend, converse, required, interpret, convey, master, structured, enrich, overly, unfamiliar, spoken, plain, expressive Leisure recreation, entertainment, enjoyment, pleasure, pastime, convenience, lifestyle, comfort, amusement, resort, available, free time, constructive, outdoors, abundant Media advertise, commercial, article, feature, majority, hounded, the press, tabloid, responsible, influence, billboard, column, prime time, replace, allow Reading somebody‟s studies, factor, influence, academic, achievement, useful, no longer, focus, resource, facility, interpretation, analyze, review, discussion, consider BASIC IELTS WRITING TASK 2(5.5) PAGE 78 Society standard of living, social value, economic development, income, security, require, developing country, developed country, urban, rural, traditional, way of life, modern, population, individual Space Exploration spend, discover, explore, invention, mankind, universe, resource, planet, address, essential, search, atmosphere, research, potential, address Sports, and Exercise dangerous, a good/bad sport, teamwork, competitive sport extreme sport, professional sport, facility, equipment, injury, sports fan, movement, physical, defend, key, matched Tourism growing, industry, increasing, demand, measure, environment, historical, site, damage, adapt, custom, tradition, ancient, social, observe Transport and Traffic public, private, mode of transport, cost, link, cause, volume, factor, solve, congestion, bottleneck, rather, in order, encourage, impact Work employee, employer, contract, staff, competitive, experience, necessary, the key, success, failure, satisfaction, balance, contribute, guarantee, promote Art censorship, funding, appreciate, creativity, well-known, distinguished, essential, encourage, abstract, exhibition, gallery, engraving, contemporary, site, fieldwork Business and Money advantage, multinational, incentive, turnover, inventory, recruit, profit, calculate, cash flow, counterfeit, debt, mortgage, foreign exchange, loan, commission Communication non-verbal, barrier, interfere, interactive, transmit, criticism, faceto-face, gesture, brainstorming, cliché, feedback, disseminate, correspondence, liaison, disclosure Personality temperament, disorder, aptitude, dominant, assess, acquire, manifest, persona, trait, ego, individuality, innate, alter, nature, characterize Crime and Punishment delinquent, offender, juvenile, verdict, prevention, penalty, breach, infraction, charge, fraud, heinous, convict, alleged, victim, conspiracy BASIC IELTS WRITING TASK 2(5.5) PAGE 79 Family and Children role, institution, nurture, nuclear family, generation, elderly, household, folk, relative, sibling, next-of-kin, breadwinner, domestic, conjugal, deceased Food and Diet feed, genetically modified, processed food, preservative, nutritious, nourishment, consumption, malnutrition, metabolism, adequate, deficiency, supplement, augment, intake, sustenance Government administration, jurisdiction, provision, defense, citizen, allocate, influence, republic, authority, incumbent, appoint, overthrow, officially, suppress, constitution Housing suburb, population, construct, mortgage, residential, rural, urban, congested, upscale, makeshift, rehabilitate, lease, settlement, tenement, sanitation BASIC IELTS WRITING TASK 2(5.5) PAGE 80 REFERENCE IELTS Write Right by Matt Clark http://www.ieltsuniversity.com/using-essay-templates/ http://ieltsliz.com/2017-ielts-writing-task-2-questions/ http://ielts-up.com/writing/agree-disagree-essay.html http://www.ielts7.guru/ielts-strategies/ielts-task2-writing-strategies/ielts-writing-task-2conclusion/ https://magoosh.com/ielts/ielts-writing-task-2-complete-guide/ BASIC IELTS WRITING TASK 2(5.5) PAGE 81