ta

cấu trúc của từng loại vì người ra đề thường cho Đây là câu so sánh sai hình thức so sánh hơn vì có than – as của tính/ trạng từ hoặc industrial phải được cố tình làm lẫn giữa 3 chuyển t[r]

tìm lỗi sai: Dạng Cách làm Ví dụ I like pupils who Quy tắc là chủ works very hard ngữ số ít với động từ chia dạng số ít, chủ Who đây là thay cho pupils vì ngữ số nhiều với Sai hòa hợp động từ chia dạng số động từ mệnh chủ ngữ và động từ nhiều Ngoài còn có đề quan hệ phải phù số trường hợp khác hợp với chủ ngữ tức mà các bạn phải dạng số nhiều Do đó lỗi sai cần tìm là nắm vững works We only get home Nếu các bạn lưu ý đến from France trạng ngữ thời gian yesterday Sai thì động từ câu thì việc xác định thì động từ Do có trạng từ yesterday (hôm qua) vô cùng dễ dàng nên động từ phải chia thì quá khứ lỗi sai cần tìm là get Sai đại từ quan hệ Sai bổ ngữ Sai câu điều kiện He gave orders to the manager whose Các đại từ quan hệ who, passed them on to whose, whom, which, the foreman that có cách sử dụng khác Ví dụ: Whose là đại từ quan who thay cho danh hệ đóng vai trò là từ người đóng vai tính từ sở hữu trò là chủ ngữ, which Trong trường hợp thay cho danh từ này ta dùng đại vật từ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ manager Do đó, ta dùng who – lỗi sai cần tìm là whose I want to travel Các bạn phải chú ý because I enjoy to nào thì dùng to meet people and infinitive, bare seeing new places infinitive V-ing Ta có cấu trúc: enjoy + V-ing nên lỗi sai cần tìm là to meet Có loại câu điều kiện với cấu trúc và cách dùng khác Chỉ cần ghi nhớ và áp dụng đúng thì việc xác định lỗi sai không khó khăn What would you if you will win a million pounds? Đây là câu điều kiện không có thực nên động từ mệnh đề if chia quá khứ (To be chia là were cho tất các ngôi) Vậy will win là đáp án Sai giới từ Sai hình thức so sánh Giới từ thường thành cụm cố định to be fond of, to be fed up with, to depend on, at least Các bạn cần phải học thuộc lòng cụm từ đó We're relying with you to find a solution to this problem To rely on sb: tin cậy, trông đợi vào Do đó, with là đáp án cần tìm Có hình thức so sánh The North of là so sánh bằng, so sánh England is as industrial than the và so sánh Các bạn phải nắm vững South cấu trúc loại vì người đề thường cho Đây là câu so sánh sai hình thức so sánh vì có than – as tính/ trạng từ industrial phải cố tình làm lẫn chuyển thành more loại so sánh với industrial Các từ liên quan đến các cấu trúc ngữ pháp : SO (so that ), TOO chú ý xem có sai phần (too to).SUCH ( such nào công thức không that ), WISH,WOULD RATHER , IF ONLY, AS IF ,AS THOUGH It’s such beautiful that I want to go picnic Such phải đứng trước cụm không phải từ => such sai (sửa lại thành It’s so beautiful that I want to go picnic) She had saved many money to buy a house Many, few: thường dùng cho danh từ đếm Sai many, much, few, => Money là danh từ little không đếm => Much, little: không đếm phải dùng much không dùng many => many sai Bài tập tìm lỗi sai I Tìm và sửa lỗi sai After living in London for two months, my brother got use to drive on the left Even though being ill, Mary still went to school last Monday Kangaroos, that can be seen everywhere in Australia, have long tails Your brother hardly goes to work by bus, doesn't he? We looked to hundreds of books before we found what we were looking for She couldn't come in time because of she miss the bus John has felt much better when he took the pill Who you use a fax machine for? The Browns bought the most expensive car than we did 10 Either John or his brothers is going to help her II Tìm lỗi sai It was her who represented her country in the United Nations and later became ambassador to the United States (A) It (B) her (C) who (D) later Some birds, such as quails, can move instant from a resting position to full flight (A) instant (B) resting (C) to (D) flight Globes and maps have been important throughout history, but never many so than today (A) have been important (B) but (C) many (D) than Before becoming successful, Charles Kettering, former vice president of General Motors, was so poor that he has to use the hayloft of a barn as a laboratory (A) successful (B) so poor (C) has to (D) as Computers have made access to information instantly available just by push a few buttons (A) have (B) access (C) instantly available (D) by push By passing sunlight through a prism, the light is separate into a spectrum of colors (A) By passing (B) through (C) is separate (D) spectrum The scientific method consists of forming hypotheses, collect data, and testing results (A) scientific (B) consists of (C) collect (D) results The new librarian was hired because of her past experience has been found to be not only inefficient but also lazy (A) The (B) was hired (C) been found (D) but also With its strong claws and its many protruding tooth a gopher is an excellent digger (A) With (B) strong claws (C) protruding tooth (D) is 10 My cousin composes not only the music, but also sings the songs for the major Broadway musicals (A) composes not only (B) but (C) the songs for (D) major 11 The state of New Mexico is not densely population, with an average of only four people per square kilometer (A) is not (B) population (C) with an (D) only 12 Never before has so many people in the United States been interested in soccer (A) has (B) so many (C) in (D) interested in 13 Please send me information with regard of insurance policies available from your company (A) me (B) with regard of (C) insurance (D) from 14 Traditionally, the flag is risen in the morning and taken down at night (A) risen (B) in the morning (C) taken (D) at night 15 Increasing involvement in agriculture by large corporations has resulted in what is known as agribusiness-that is, agriculture with business techniques, including heavy capitalization, specialization of production, and to control all stages of the operation (A) by large corporations (B) has resulted in (C) known as (D) to control 16 A calorie is the quantity of heat required to rise one gallon of water one degree centigrade at one atmospheric pressure (A) A calorie (B) is (C) required (D) to rise 17 It is believed that a people could live on Mars with little life support because the atmosphere is similar to that of Earth (A) a people (B) live (C) Mars (D) that 18 A few tiles on Skylab were the only equipments that failed to perform well in outer space (A) A few (B) were (C) equipments (D) to perform 19 By the mid-nineteenth century, land was such expensive in large cities that architects began to conserve space by designing skyscrapers (A) By the mid-nineteenth century (C) conserve (B) such expensive (D) by designing 20 The Board of Realtors doesn't have any informations about the increase in rent for this area (A) informations (B) about Identify the mistakes: (C) increase (D) in rent A fax machine used to send and receive letters quickly A B C D The young has future in their hands Do you think so? A B C D Has a new hospital for children built in your city? A B C D The film is about a boy which lost all money in the fire A B C D Two new houses have just been build here A B C D I have met my wife ten years ago A B C D A dump is a person whom cannot speak A B C D He decided to buy a computer in spite of he didn’t have much money A B C D They intend to make a two – weeks excursion next month A B C D 10 She couldn’t come in time because of she missed the bus A B C D 11 How much students are there in your class ? A B C D 12 Who you use a dictionary for? A B C D 13 If it rains, we had to cancel the meeting scheduled for today A B C D 14 I haven't met him since a long time A B C D 15 The person which can not see anything is called a blind person A B C D 16 We had to cancel the match because the bad weather A B C D 18 She avoided to talk to me because I tried to tell a lie to her A B C D 19 She was sad after she reads her boyfriend’s letter A B C D 20 After she had had lunch, she had taken a nap A B C D 21 The stories what I’ve told you are all true A B C D 22 Would you like going on an excursion with my class? A B C D 23 Because of he was ill, he had to stay at home A B C D 24 Jane couldn’t come to my birthday party, this made me feel sad A B C D 25 Dennis used to smoking a lot a year ago A B C D 26 Could you tell me what the air conditioner use for ? A B C D 27 My mother makes me doing my homework so I can’t go out A B C D 28 I didn’t watch a football match on TV for a long time A B C D 29 The class was cancelled because of there weren’t enough students A B C D 30 How many teachers and students there are in your school? A B C D TO-INFINITIVES / BARE INFINITIVES / GERUNDS (Động từ nguyên mẫu có “to”, nguyên mẫu không “to”, danh động từ) To-infinitive / Infinitive with to * Động từ nguyên mẫu có to dùng làm: - Chủ ngữ câu: To becomea famous singer is her dream - Bổ ngữ cho chủ ngữ: What I like is to swimin the sea and then to lieon the warm sand - Tân ngữ động từ It was late, so we decided to takea taxi home - Tân ngữ tính từ I’m pleased to seeyou\ * Trong các cấu trúc: + It takes / took + O + thời gian + to-inf + mục đích + bổ ngữ cho danh từ đại từ: S + V + Noun / pronoun + to-inf I have some letters to write Is there anything to eat? + It + be + adj + to-inf:thật … để Ex: It is interesting to studyEnglish + S + be + adj + to-inf Ex: I’m happy to receiveyour latter + S + V + too + adj / adv + to-inf + S + V + adj / adv + enough + to-inf + S + find / think / believe + it + adj + to-inf Ex: I find it difficult to learnEnglish vocabulary - Sau các từ nghi vấn: what, who, which, when, where, how,… (nhưng thường không dùng sau why) Ex: I don’t know what to say * Note: - allow / permit/ advise / recommend + O + to-inf She allowed me to useher pen - allow / permit / advise / recommend + V-ing She didn’t allow smokingin her room II Bare infinitive / Infinitive without to * V + O + bare inf - let - make - had better - would rather Notebe + made + to-inf - help + V1 / to-inf - help + O + V1 / to-inf - help + O + with + N Ex: My brother helped me domy homework My brother helped me to domy homework My brother helped me with my homework * Động từ giác quan 1- Các động từ tri giác: hear, sound, smell, taste, feel, watch, notice, see, listen, find + O + V1 (chỉ hoàn tất hành động – nghe thấy toàn việc diễn ra) Ex: I saw her get off the bus - Các động từ tri giác: hear, sound, smell, taste, feel, watch, notice, see, listen, find + O + V-ing (chỉ việc diễn ra) Ex: I smell something burningin the kitchen III GERUND (V-ing) * Danh động từ có thể dùng làm: - Chủ từ câu: Swimmingis my favourite sport - Bổ ngữ động từ: My hobby is collectingstamps - Tân ngữ động từ: I enjoy traveling * V + V-ing * Sau các liên từ:after, before, when, while, since,… Ex: After finishinghis homework, he went to bed * Sau các giới từ:on, in, at, with, about, from, to, without, … Ex: My sister is interested in listeningto pop music + try + V-ing: thử + try + to-inf: cố gắng + need + V-ing = need + to be + V3: cần (bị động) + need + to-inf: cần (chủ động) Ex: I need to washmy car My car is very dirty It needs washing / to be washed + Cấu trúc nhờ vả: S + have + O người + V1 + O vật S + have + O vật + V3/-ed + (by + O người) S + get + O người + to-inf + O vật S + get + O vật + V3/-ed + (by + O người)  Exercise: Choose the best answer: Many young people are fond of football and other kinds of sports A play B to play C playing D played They couldn’t help when they heard the little boy singing a love song A laughing B to laugh C laugh D laughed Your house needs A redecorated B redecorating C being redecorated D to redecorate I remember them to play in my garden A to allow B allow C allowing D allowed It was a nasty memory Do you remember both of us wearing sunglasses to avoid by the supervisors? A to recognize B to be recognized C recognizing D being recognized I can’t bear thinking back of that time I’d rather equally A treat B be treated C have treated D treating Did you accuse Nam of a plate? Well, I saw him it off the table with his elbow A break/ knock B breaking/ knocking C to break/ to knock D breaking/ knock We found it very difficult with Gamma A to work B work C working D worked I can’t read when I am traveling It makes me sick A feel B to feel C felt D feeling 10 I need what’s in the letter Why don’t you let me it? A to know/ to read B know/ read C to know/ read D knowing/ read 11 I suggest some more mathematical puzzles A B to C doing D done 12 We regret you that we cannot approve your suggestion A inform B to inform C informing D informed 13 The driver stopped a coffee because he felt sleepy A have B to have C having D had 14 Have you ever considered a pharmacist? A become B becoming C to become D became 15 You had better at home until you feel better A staying B stayed C to stay D stay Tiếng Anh 11 (Ngữ pháp + Bài tập) 16 I remember my mother said the grass in the garden needed A to hear/cutting B hear/cut C heard/to cut D hearing/ cutting 17 Peter sometimes help his sister A homework B to homework C with homework D all are correct 18 I would rather at home than out with you A staying/going B to stay/ to go C stay/go D stayed/went 19 I would rather you A drive B to drive C drove D driven 20 She didn’t say a word and left the room A She left the room without saying a word B She leaving the room without saying a word C She left the room saying a word D She left the room to say a word 21 My father wanted me a pilot A become B to become C becoming D became 22 Please wait a minute My boss is busy something A write B writing C to write D to writing 23 My teacher doesn’t allow us while he is explaining the lesson A talk B to talk C talking D talked 24 We have plenty of time We needn’t -A hurry B to hurry C hurrying D hurried 25 I promised on time I mustn’t late A be/be B to be/to be C to be/ be D be/to be 26 Mary and I are looking forward you A of seeing B for seeing C to seeing D to see 27 I’m sure that he knows this new machine A to use B using C how using D how to use 28 Psychiatrists and doctors have failed people not to drink A to tell B telling C tell D told 29 The students are used to in the school library A working B work C to work D worked 30 Our room needs up A tidied B to tide C tidy D tidying 31 Mercury’s low gravity makes you very light in a spaceship A feel B feeling C to feel D felt 32 “ Was the test long?” “ Yes, John was the only one it” A to finish B finishing C finished D finish 33 A lots of needs to the house before anyone can move in A be done B doing C to D done 34 It is about time you harder for the next exam A worked B working C work D to work 35 If he really doesn’t feel like now, I suggested that he should go out for some fresh air A work B to work C worked D working  Exercise: Choose the best answer: He asked them A help him B should help him C to help him D help to him She said that she there the year before A went B had gone C would go D goes Peter asked Jane why the film on T.V the previous night A didn’t she watch B hadn’t she watched C she doesn’t watch D she hadn’t watched They said they us if we needed A help B helped C would help D had helped He advised them in class A to not talk B not to talk C to talk not D don’t talk She said to us “Don’t be late again” A She said us not to be late again B She told us to be not late again C She told to us not to be late again D She told us not to be late again “John shouldn’t have behaved so badly.”, said Janet A Janet doesn't like John's behaviors B Janet was angry with John C Janet disliked John D Janet objected to John's behaviors John said “You had better not lend them any money, Daisy” A John said Daisy not to lend them any money B John advised Daisy should not lend any money C John said to Daisy not lend them any money D John advised Daisy not to lend them any money “I’m sorry I have to leave so early’, he said A He apologized for having to leave early B He apologized to have to leave early C He apologized that he has to leave early D He apologized to have left early 10 “Can I borrow your pen please, Sam?”, said Gillian A Gillian asked Sam if she can borrow his pen B Gillian asked Sam if she could borrow his pen C Gillian asked Sam she can borrow his pen D Gillian asked Sam she could borrow his pen 11 “Where did you go last night, Nam?”, said Hoa A Hoa said to Nam where had he gone the night before B Hoa said to Nam where he had gone the night before C Hoa told Nam where he had gone last night D Hoa asked Nam where he had gone the night before 12 “What were you doing last night, Mr John?” The police asked A The police asked what were you doing last night, Mr John B The police asked Mr John what he had been doing the night before C The police asked Mr John what had he been done the night before D The police asked Mr John what he had done the night before 13 Some one was wondering if the taxi yet A had arrived B arrived C arrives D had arrived 14 The government has announced that taxes A would be raised B had been raised C were raised D will be raised 15 Some one the tickets are free A said me B said me that C told to me D told me 16 He said he would it A yesterday B the following day C the previous day D the day before 17 He proved that the earth round the Sun A had gone B was going C goes D would go 18 I told you the computer, didn’t it? A to switch off B don’t switch off C not switch off D switch off 19 Claire wanted to know what time A the banks close B the banks closed C did the banks close D the banks would close 20 Ann and left A said good bye B said me good bye C told me good bye D goodbye me EXERCISE: If people were a little more tolerant A our world would have been a better place B our world would be a better place C our world will be a better place If there were no wars…………… A our world would have been a better place B our world would be a better place C our world will be a better place If the ozone layer peels off a little more we A we ran a much higher risk of attracting skin cancer B would run a much higher risk of attracting skin cancer C will run a much higher risk of attracting skin cancer I would never feel comfortable on a plane if A I know it's the pilot's maiden trip B I knew it's the pilot's maiden trip C I would know that it's the pilot's maiden trip A dog will never bite you if A you will look it straight in the eyes, I'm told B you look it straight in the eyes, I'm told C you looked it straight in the eyes, I'm told A dog will never bite you if A you will look it straight in the eyes, I'm told 15 Tiếng Anh 11 (Ngữ pháp + Bài tập) B you look it straight in the eyes, I'm told C you looked it straight in the eyes, I'm told A dog will never bite you if A you will look it straight in the eyes, I'm told B you look it straight in the eyes, I'm told C you looked it straight in the eyes, I'm told If John hadn't responded in such an aggressive manner he A would never have a black eye B won't have a black eye C would never have had a black Exercises Supply correct form of the verbs in parentheses What you (do) if I hadn’t lend you the money? If you had asked me for ticket, I (get) you some tickets I (not marry) him If I had known what he was like I wouldn’t have hired a car if I (know) how expensive it was If we (go) to the cinema earlier, we wouldn’t have missed the start of the film If I had been born a year earlier, I (have) -to military service If you (ask) -me , I would have lend you my car If I had gone to university, I (get) a better job I (not go) -out yesterday , If you had asked me not to 10 I could have given you a lift if my car (not break) - down 11 I (not go) to Britain if I had known what was going to happen 12 I would have stay longer if he( want) -me to 13 I (not come) -to this school if I had known it was like 14 We would have gone to his party if we (be) able to find a baby – sister 15 I (visit ) -you in the hospital if I had known you were there Exercises : Complete the sentences with the words in parentheses 1.I might have enough time tonight → If I (have) enough time, I (write) a letter to my cousin The weather is terrible today → If the weather (be) good, I (go) for a five - mile - walk Mary didn’t come to my party last week → If she (come) to my party, she (meet) - my friends Snow is predicted for tomorrow → If it (snow) tomorrow, I( stay) at home Jack didn’t study for the test → If he( study) , he( pass) it Air plane tickets are expensive → If they( be) cheap, I (fly) - to Ho Chi Minh city for weekend May be the weather will be nice tomorrow → If the weather( be) -nice, I( go) for a long walk Unfortunately, I don’t have enough money → If I( have) enough money, I( buy) - a ticket to the rock concert I didn’t know it was your birthday yesterday → If I( know) -it was your birthday yesterday I (get) you a present 10 I’m tired → If I (be not) tired, I( help) you  Exercise: Rewrite these sentences: Hurry up or we will be late for the last bus 16 Tiếng Anh 11 (Ngữ pháp + Bài tập) If It was very cold yesterday, so we couldn’t go swimming If He had a flu because he went out in the rain last night If Ellen didn’t have much money in the bank, so she was very worried If Stop talking or you won’t understand the lesson Unless She can’t buy the dictionary because she doesn’t have enough money If  Exercise: Choose the best answer: If Jake - to go on the trip, would you have gone? A doesn’t agree B didn’t agree C hadn’t agreed D wouldn’t agree If energy - inexpensive and unlimited, many things in the world would be different A is B will be C would be D were Unless you - all of my questions, I can’t anything to help you A answered B answer C would answer D are answering Had you told me that this was going to happen, I - it A hadn’t believed B don’t believe C can’t believe D would never have believed interested in that subject, I would try to learn more about it A If I am B Should I C I was D Were I If I had enough money, A I will buy that house B I am buy that house C I can buy that house D I could buy that house Had I had time, I to the beach with you this weekend A will come B would come C will have come D would have come If he that she was in the hospital, he to see her A knows/ will come B knew/ would come C had known/ would have come D has known/will have come If everything is all right, we our work on time A complete B are completing C have completed D will complete 10 If I were you, I would work hard A You would rather not work so hard B You should work harder C You should work with me D Do not work so hard 11 We didn’t visit the museum because we had no time A If we have time, we will visit the museum C If we had had time, we would have visited the museum B If we had time, we would visit the museum D If we had had time, we will have visited the museum 12 I have time, I will go with you A If B Unless C So D So that 13 harder, you would have passed the exam A If you studied B If had you studied C Had you studied D Were you studied 17 Tiếng Anh 11 (Ngữ pháp + Bài tập) 14 If the police hadn’t saved me, I at that time A will die B would die C will have died D would have died 15 at o’clock, we would have missed seeing Bob A If we had gone B Had we gone C because we had gone D A and B  Exercise: Choose the best answer: The boy with I have talked is very successful student A who B whom C that D for that The composition by Jane was really interesting A to write B writing C wrote D written Fleming’s discovery of penicillin, , had a major influence on the lives of people in the 20th century A which was awarded the Nobel Prize B which awarded the Nobel Prize C that he was awarded the Nobel Prize D for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize I want you to meet the woman A who taught me how to drive B teaching me how to drive C that is taught me how to drive D who is taught me how to drive Mr Pike, is our boss, has just come back from Paris A who B whom C that D which The girl is my new friend A who is sitting on the bench B that is sitting on the bench C sitting on the bench D all are correct We don’t know the reason Peter is absent today A who B which C that D why Dr Smith is a good surgeon He lives next door A Dr Smith that lives next door is a good surgeon B Dr Smith who lives next door is a good surgeon C Dr Smith, who lives next door, is a good surgeon D Dr Smith, whom lives next door, is a good surgeon The reading table I put my books is in the corner of the room A when B where C why D whose 10 It is him helped me last night A who B that C which D whose 11 Anybody finishes that test early can leave A that B whom C why D when 12 He is the good colleague A to work for us with B to us for working with C for working with us D for us to work with 13 Mary was the last applicant by that interviewer A to be interviewed B to be interviewing C to have interviewed D to interview 14 I’m hungry Is there any food ? A to be eaten B to eat C eating D for me eating 15 Dien Bien Phu is a place our army won a resounding victory in 1954 A where B what C which D that Reduce relative clauses into relative phrases Be sure to follow the instructions that are given at the top of the page Students who arrive latewill not be permitted to enter the classroom John, who was taken by surprise, hardly knew what to say The people who are waiting forthe bus in the rainare getting wet We drove along the road that was stillflooded after the heavy rain The scientists who are researchingthe causes of cancerare making progress The wild ox which is kept at NamCat Tien National Parkis of a special kind The helicopter which was flyingtoward the lakemade a low droning sound ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Combine sentence using: preposition + whom/which The movie was interesting We went to it 10 I couldn’t understand the woman I talked to her on the phone 11 I want to tell you about the party I went to it last night 12 The music was gentle We listened to it last night 13 Alice likes the foreign family She is living with them 14 The market has refresh vegetables I usually go to it 15 The man is over there I told you about him 16 The film is fantastic They are talking about it 17 She’s the nurse We gave the flowers to her 18 The teacher is Mr Pike We studied with him last year Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ sử dụng Ving, Vhoặc Vto 19 Neil Armstrong was the first man who walked on the moon 20 I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country 21 The children who attend that school receive a good education 22 The scientists who are researching the causes of cancer are making progress 23 They live in a house that was built in 24 We have an apartment which overlooks the park 25 Yuri Gagarin became the first man who flied into space 26 We stood on the bridge which connects the two halves of the building 27 I come from a city which is located in the southern part of the country 28 The vegetables which are sold in this supermarket are grown without chemicals 29 Do you know the woman who is coming toward us ? 30 The people who was waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet 31 I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country 32 They live in a house that was built in 33 He was the first man who left the burning building 34 The couple who live in the house next door are both college professors 35 The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet 36 The students who did not come to the class yesterday explain their absence to the teacher 37 Did you get the message which concerned the special meeting ? 38 Lan is the second student who entered the classroom this morning 39 The psychologists who study the nature of sleep have made important discoveries 40 He was the only man who reached the top 41 He is always the first who comes and the last who goes 42 People who listen to very loud music may suffer gradual hearing loss 43 He was the second man who was saved in the fire 44 I haven’t got anything that I could open a bottle of wine with 45 The Queen Elizabeth is the largest ship which has been built on the island 46 The fifth man who was interviewed was completely unsuitable 47 This is the third who is late for the meeting today 48 Am I the next person who joins the interview ? CONJUNCTIONS (Liên từ) Các liên từ cặp đôi both … and, not only … but also, either …or, neither … nor dùng để cấu tạo cấu trúc song hành Từ, cụm từ hay mệnh đề nối liền liên từ này luôn có cùng cấu trúc, chức từ loại both … and (vừa …vừa …, …lẫn …) Ex: She is bothintelligent andbeautiful (adjectives) Bothhis brother and his sister are students (nouns) Note: Khi hai chủ từ nối liền both … and, động từ hình thức số nhiều not only … but also (không / … mà còn) Ex: He studies not onlyEnglish but alsoFrench (nouns) The film was not onlyboring but alsolong (adjectives) She not onlysings beautifully but alsoplays the piano well either …or (hoặc …hoặc) Ex: You eithermust work hard orwill fail (verbs) Eitheryou orhe is going to be on duty (pronouns) neither … nor (không … không) Ex: She likes neithertea norcoffee (nouns) My father neithersmokes nordrinks (verbs) Note: - Khi hai chủ từ nối not only … but also, either … or, neither … nor, động từ hòa hợp với chủ từ trước nó Ex: Not only his friends but also his brother giveshim presents - Khi not only … but also nối liền hai mệnh đề và đứng đầu câu, chúng ta phải đảo ngữ mệnh đề thứ Ex: Not only does he speakEnglish but he also speaks French - Động từ câu có cặp liên từ neither … nor luôn dạng khẳng định Ex: My father neither smokesnor drinks Exercise: Both Son and Vinh like English of them likes literature A None B Neither C Either D Both His recreationsinclude golf, football and shooting A sports B activities C pastimes D pleasures In Britain, the most commonleisure activities are home-based A regular B popular C standard D distinctive Neither she nor I responsible for that It isn’t our duty A are B is C am D have It is _ that can speak languages in our office A he B him C his D her My parents want me to study to behave well A either/or B neither/nor C either/both D not only/but also It is the event a lot A has been talked about B that has been talked bout C Has talked about D that has talked bout 10 She hard but also gets on well with her classmates A doesn’t only study B studies not only C not only studies D not studies only 11 The hotel is neither spacious A or comfortable B nor comfortable C or comfort D nor comfort 12 Not only John but also his two brothers football as their recreation every weekend A play B plays C were playing D has play 13 Now women work both before after having their children A or B also C nor D and 14 Neither the TV nor the video sets properly A works B work C has worked D is working 15 The most common activities in my country are home based A test B leisure C practice D freedom Combine each pair of sentences into one, using the conjunctions in brackets 18 She’s at the office She’s at the airport (Either or) 19 Paul’s at home Paul’s at the gym (Either or) 20 Chris didn’t have time to take a holiday Sheila didn’t have time to take a holiday.(neither nor) 21 David doesn’t play tennis David doesn’t play table-tennis (Neither nor) 22 Nam’s handsome Nam’s intelligent (Not only but also) 23 Mai plays the guitar well Mai dances beautifully (Not only but also) 24 You can have fish for dinner You can have chicken for dinner (Both and) 25 They came late They left early (Not only but also) COULD / BE ABLE TO COULD: là dạng quá khứ can, dùng diễn tả: - khả (phổ quát, chung chung) quá khứ Ex: When I was six, I coulddrive a bike - lời yêu cầu lich Ex: Couldyou show me the way to the post office? - điều gì đó có thể xảy tương lai không chắn Ex: It couldrain this afternoon (Có thể chiều trời mưa.) BE ABLE TO: có hình thức quá khứ là was / were able to + V1, diễn tả cố gắng hoàn tất hành động tình đặc biệt Ex: The fire spread through the building quickly but we all were able toescape The player hurt in his leg, but he was able toplay to the end TAG QUESTIONS(Câu hỏi đuôi) Câu hỏi đuôi gồm có hai phần: câu nói (statement) và phần đuôi (tag) Ex: The children are playing in the yard, aren’t they? They can’t swim, can they? - Chủ từ câu nói là đại từ, ta lặp lại đại từ này Ex: She is a doctor, isn’t she? - Chủ từ là danh từ, ta dùng đại từ tương ứng thay Ex: People speak English all over the world, don’t they? - Đại từ bất định nothing, everything: thay “it” Ex: Everything is ready, isn’t it? - Các đại từ no one, nobody, someone, somebody, everyone, everybody, anyone, anybody: thay “they” Ex: Someone called me last night, didn’t they? - Đại từ this / that thay “it”; these / those thay “they” Ex:That is his car, isn’t it? These are your new shoes, aren’t they? - “There” cấu trúc “there + be” dùng lại phần đuôi Ex: There aren’t any students in the classroom, are there? - Câu nói có trợ động từ (will / can / shall / should / is / are …): trợ động từ lặp lại phần đuôi Ex: You will come early, won’t you? - Câu nói không có trợ động từ: trợ động từ / does / did dùng phần đuôi Ex: It rained yesterday, didn’tit? She works in a restaurant, doesn’tshe? - Câu nói có chứa các từ phủ định thì phần đuôi khẳng đ5nh Ex: He nevercomes late, does he? Note:Động từ phần đuôi phủ định thì luôn viết dạng rút gọn Một số trường hợp đặc biệt: - Phần đuôi I AM là AREN’T I Ex: I am writing a letter, aren’t I? - Phần đuôi Let’slà SHALL WE Ex: Let’s go out tonight, shall we? - Câu mệnh lệnh khẳng định: + dùng phần đuôi WON’T YOUđể diễn tả lời mời + dùng phần đuôi WILL / WOULD / CAN / CAN’T YOUđể diễn tả lời yêu cầulịch Ex: Have a piece of cake, won’t you? Close the door, will you? - Câu mệnh lệnh phủ định: dùng phần đuôi WILL YOU để diễn tả lời yêu cầu lịch Ex: Please don’t smoke her, will you? - Phần đuôi ought tolà SHOULDN’T Ex: She ought to exercise every morning, shouldn’t she? Tag-questions You have heard about that, ? Nam did the work well, .? He didn’t have to speak to me, ? He won’t fall down, ? You would’t like the window open, ? He used to beat his wife, ? She came very late, ? Come and see me tomorrow, .? I’d better go, ? 10.There’s an examination tomorrow, .? 11.You can’t play tennis today, ? 12.She’s been years, ? studying English for two 15) 16) 13.Your brother doesn’t like watching TV, ? 17) 14.Let’s listen to the radio, ? 18) 15.Mary is reading a book in her room, ? 16.His parents won’t buy him a new game, .? 17.You’ve just used the computer, .? 18.Turn off the television, ? 19) 20) 21) 22) 23) 24) 19.I’m late for the party, .? Let’s forget unhappy things, _? Her daughter doesn’t spend time surfing the web, _? Those men never worked on a farm, _? People of different ages like this magazine, _? I am wearing wrong shoes, _? Interactive TV is available now, _? He did not miss the train, _? Someone feels tired after the trip, _? Hanh and you like living in a dormitory on campus, _? Their son doesn’t have much time on computer, _? 20.They never go to the theatre, ? 25) 26) 21.His mother is very proud of him, .? 22.The lift isn’t working today, ? 23.Nothing could be done, ? 28) 24.Everybody is here, ? 25.He didn’t wake up this morning, ? 26.Baird didn’t produce the first TV picture before 1920, ? 27.There are many tonight, ? interesting 27) 29) 30) My sister has to make this room tidy, _? This poet has mentioned the ao dai in poems, _? Lan used to walk past the mosque on her way to primary school, _? Nobody wrote poems yesterday, _? There are many religions in Malasia, _? programs II 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11) 12) 13) 14) Linh didn’t feel confident in her favorite clothes, _? The two cities are not the same in some ways, _? Her listening isn’t excellent, _? Maryam couldn’t stay for longer time, _?His children may swim, _? Nam and Binh have to study harder, _? Women to day often prefer to wear modern clothing at work, ? The Parkers had a picnic on the river bank, _? Our teachers have taken inspiration from some minorities, ? Everything was OK, _? Oh, hurry up, _? Hung and I can eat those cakes, _? You won’t be late, _? Ba’s village lies near the foot of the moutain, _? Daisy has seen that films several times, _? III Mr White is a tailor, …………… …? It isn’t ready yet, ………………… ? I am clever, ………………………… ? We must hurry, ……………… …….? They won’t stop long, ……………….? You asked for mustard, …………… ? She speaks too quickly, …………… ? He will arrive soon, ………………….? The milk may be sour, ……………… ? 10 Tom doesn’t like ham, ……………… ? 11 They told me a lie, ………………………? 12 It can’t be so bad, …………………… …? 13 It was a pity, …………………………….……? 14 Jack is joining the club, …………………….? 15 You mustn’t that again, ………… ……? 16 You ought not to eat that, ……………….…? 17 They have sold the house, ……………….…? 18 Our team won the prize, …………………… ? 19 You are leaving here tomorrow, ……………? 20 You can’t come next week, ………………….? 21 You ought to leave now, ……………………? 22 He should have come home earlier, …………………………………………… …? 23 He daren’t it, ………………… ……? 24 Go and get me some aspirins, ……………? 25 We need some more sugar, ……………? 26 I may open it, ……………? 27 You’d better keep quiet, ……………? 28 He used to live near here, ……………? 29 Open it for me, ……………? 30 Let’s sing it again, ……………? 31 He shouldn’t put so much salt in it, ……………? 32 Going swimming in the summer is very interesting, ……………? 33 Let’s dance together, ……………? The party is so wonderful 34 Don’t talk in class, ……………? The teacher is explaining the lesson 35 Nobody understands what the lady over there says, ……………? 36 The woman seldom writes poems and stories, ……………? 37 Nothings makes you bored, ……………? You always look happy 38 You have read this article on the website, ……………? 39 You don’t read this article on the website, ……………? 40 She never tells the truth, ……………? Let’s go to the zoo,………………Go to the cinema with us, ……………………? Don’t make so much noise, ……………?Everyone has their own opinions, ……………… ? Everybody can those things,……………….? Everything is alright now, ……………………? Anybody is glad to hear this news, …………….? Anything came true to you, …………………….? No one can know how much it really costs, ? Nobody has come here yet, ………………… ? Everyone doesn’t know it very well,………………? She has a good book, …………………? Everybody didn’t accept your opinions, …………… ? Everything hasn’t got better, …………………? Nothing can change his decision, ……………………? Nothing gets better, ……………………… ? She hardly does it well, …………………….?They seldom visit you, ……………….? Peter has never talked to Alice, ………………… ? She has no money, ………………… ? She has no money, …………………………?She has a good book, ………………………….? Anyone may ask the president at present, …………………….? She isn’t a teacher, ……………………? You aren’t Mr Jonathan, ……………… ? He wasn’t able to this difficult exercise, …………….? They weren’t responsible for the problems,…………….? Daisy and Jack cannot speak four languages, …………………? Mary has not been in Paris for years, ………………? They don’t have a good view of the village from the top of the hill, ………………? You had not been a teacher before 2002, ………… ? Nam and Ngân will not come here in time, ………….? They not their morning exercise every day, …………………… ? They have a child, ………………………? He has a book, ……………………….? You had many cars, ………………………? Lan enjoys watching television after dinner, -' You did not talk to Nam last night, ………………….? You have not traveled around Europe, …………………? We shall not give them a way, ……………………………… I am not late, ……………… ? I am allowed to this legally, ……………… ? Mary did not go to Moscow last week, …………………… ? She does not make a tour of Vietnam every year, …………………………? Peter does not her homework very well, ………………? She doesn’t have a very good-looking face, ………………… David and Alice not go camping every summer, …………………………………? They have a child, …………………………? He has a book, ………………………….? You had many cars, ……………………………….? Tarn didn't go to school yesterday, -……………………? They will buy a new computer, ……………… ? She can drink a lot of tomato juice everyday, …………………….? Your children don't watch T.V three hours a day, ………………… ? That boy delivers newspapers in this block, ………………………….? Her father works for TUOI TRE newspaper, ……………….? Britney Spears is the most famous singer this year………………………… 10 My classmates have seen that cartoon twice, ………………………_ ? 11 She has learned English for, four years,………………………… ? 12 That house has been built since January,………………… ? 13 14 15 16 17 19 20 21 Shakespeare's plays have been performed everywhere,……………………… They are talking about their performance,………………………… ? Thu was practicing her music lesson at o'clock yesterday………………………… ? Tarn and Ba are playing sports now, ? Phong and Kien were doing their reseach when we came, _ The children haven't watched that cartoon before, _ ? Lets go somewhere; for a drink, ? I am late for the appointment, ? 22 She may not come to class today, ?