Tài liệu Adjectives, the adjective phrase and adverbs doc

www.themegallery.com LOGO Adjectives, the adjective phrase and adverbs Presented by “ HORIZON ” group Group members Nguyen Huyen Linh Tran Thi Thuy Trinh Nguyen Thi Thu Trang Tran Bao Ngoc www.themegallery.com LOGO The first presenter www.themegallery. com CONTENT D D B B C C A A Adjectives Adjective phrase& adjectival complementation Adverbs Comparison of adjectives and adverbs content www.themegallery. com Adjectives  1. Definition and classification of adjectives  2. Functions of adjectives www.themegallery. com 1a. Definition of adjective:  Adjective is a word which modifies a noun or pronoun (called the adjective’s subject) by describing, identifying or quantifying words.  Every adjective answers one of 3 questions: www.themegallery. com adjective Which one is it? What kind is it? How many are there? Three Three questions questions www.themegallery. com  1. Which one is it? (Describing) Eg: The students who have not prepared for English class sit out an hour in the cafeteria Which students? Not good students but lazy slackers  2. What kind is it? (Identifying) Eg: I like green tea What kind of tea do you like?  3. How many are there? Eg: There are 48 students in our class. How many students are there in your class? www.themegallery. com 1b.Classification of adjectives  Their structure  2 kinds:  . Adjectives that are the roots Eg: good, fat, little, young, hot…  .Adjectives formed by some suffixes: Eg: Adj =N+ “ ous”: humor - humorous “ful” : beauty - beautiful www.themegallery. com V+ “ive” : act - active “able”: read - readable  .Notes: “-ing”: property of something (Eg: This book is so interesting) “-ed”: someone’s feeling or opinion (Eg: I found it interested when going out with him) www.themegallery. com  Limiting adjectives  Quantity: many, some, any, (a) few, (a) little…  Possessive: my, your, their, his, her, its…  Indicative: that, this, those…  Order: 1st, 2nd… 20th…  “Article: a, an, the is considering as an adjective” [...]... LOGO www.themegallery.com The third presenter Adjective phrase Definition Form I) Adjective phrase  Definition: adjective phrase is a phrase with an adjective as head  Form: (intensifier) + HEAD +(complement) Intensifiers :  only, quite, rather, more, too, very, most  degree adverbs: completely, extremely, extraordinarily Adjective phrase  E.g 1.He is handsome “ Handsome” is an adjective phrase. .. is very handsome “ Very handsome” is an adjective phrase with the intensifier “ very” and the head “ handsome” 3.I am afraid to make any mistake “ Afraid to make any mistake” is an adjective phrase with the head “ afraid” and the complement “ to make any mistake” Adjective phrase 4.He was unaware that everyone had gone away “ Unaware that everyone had gone away” is an adjective phrase with the head... opened the gift  She, (by then) happy, opened the gift  She opened the gift, by then happy  The implied subject is usually the subject of sentence Thus, while we have Eg: The man restrained the woman, who was aggressive We do not have as its equivalent *the man restrained the woman, aggressive  However, if the clause contains additional clause constituents, its implied subject can be other than the. .. 1.Prepositional phrase: preposition + complement E.g +) I am afraid of being stolen “Afraid of being stolen” is an adjective phrase with the head “afraid” and the prepositional phrase “ of being stolen” Adjectival complementation 2.Noun + clause (clause beginning with the conjunction “ that” ) E.g +)She is aware that he loves her “ Aware that he loves her” is an adjective phrase with the head “ aware” and the. .. the head “ unaware” and the complement “ that everyone had gone away” 5.They are quite unaware of any wrongdoing “ Quite unaware of any wrongdoing” is an adjective phrase with the intensifier “ quite”, the head “ unaware” and the complement “ of any wrongdoing” II) Adjectival complementation Prepositional phrase Noun + clause Infinitive verbal phrase Adjectival complementation There are three formal...Possessive B Quantity A C Indicative Limiting adjectives Article E D Order LOGO www.themegallery.com ) Attributive and predicative  Adj are attributive when they premodify nouns: appear between the determiner and the head of noun phrase Eg: the lovely cat  Predicative adj can be +subject complement: My hat is beautiful +object complement: He made her mother unhappy  They can be complement to a subject which... The most common are probably elect and proper as in: the Pesident elect the city London proper”  If an adj is alone or premodified merely by an intensifier, postposition is normally not allowed:  The rather timid soldiers approached their officer (√)  The soldiers rather timid approached their officer (×)  However, if the noun phrase is generic and indefinite, coordinated adj or adj with a clause... see the small green boat, which has such an old shape 3.She wore her shirt short 4 .The weather becomes cold 5.Her hair was dyed blonde 6.We should keep our room clean and tidy Verb less adjective clause  An adj (alone or as head of an adj phrase) can function as a verb less clause, the clause is mobile, though it usually precedes or follows the subject of the super ordinate clause;  Eg: (By then)... non –finite clause Whether he will learn is true Playing tennis isn’t easy  adj can be object complement to clause: I consider what he said untrue or Playing so hard  The adj functioning as object complement often expresses the result of the process denoted by the verb  He pulled the window open (as a result, the window was then open) Exercise: Modify for noun, verb, object, and subject 1.He is a... aware” and the noun clause “ that he loves her” Adjectival complementation 3.Infinitive verbal phrase ( verbal phrase beginning with “ to” ) E.g +) We are too grateful to say anything “ Too grateful to say anything” is an adjective phrase with intensifier “ too”, the head “ grateful” and the infinitive verbal phrase “ to say anything”  . of adjectives and adverbs content www.themegallery. com Adjectives  1. Definition and classification of adjectives  2. Functions of adjectives www.themegallery www.themegallery.com LOGO Adjectives, the adjective phrase and adverbs Presented by “ HORIZON ” group Group members