BAI TAP BI QUYET LAM BAI DOC HIEU

PHƯƠNG PHÁP LÀM BÀI ĐỌC HIỂU TIẾNG ANH I Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions The old belief was that you had to go to school to get educated, but there are plenty of people who have educated themselves outside of school and become successful They followed their passion, educated themselves as they went along, and found success despite not actually going to a school where you sit down, learn from a teacher, and take tests I think that the first 12 years of education are critical Primary and secondary education teaches you the basics, helps you get into a mindset of learning, exposes you to a variety of areas that you can pursue after school, and gives you some real world experience with socializing and working with other people All of those things are important, but after that, you can't rely on a school to really educate you in life You can go to college and learn about whatever field you want to go into But, that school education isn't going to give you the knowledge you need to really be successful in your career and your life For example, I have a friend who is an accountant He hasn't finished all the courses in school that he needs to get his Bachelor's degree, but he has more knowledge and ability than anyone who has finished their courses in school that he works with He reads up on what he needs to know as he works He is passionate about what he does He can figure stuff out that his fully-schooled peers can't And he is a shining example of why going to school doesn't automatically mean you are more educated The point is that you can educate yourself in the real world Obviously, there are some programs that you have to take if you want to be accepted into a specific kind of job Even though you can educate yourself outside of school, many professions still require you to finish an education and have a piece of paper proving it so that you can get hired But, for many other things, you can educate yourself by doing things related to your career or passions You can educate yourself online by taking courses, learning from experts, buying eBooks, and having discussions with like-minded people You don't need a school to be educated in life As Mark Twain said, “I have never let my schooling interfere with my education." It is stated in paragraph that A It is not always necessary for a person to go to school to be educated B Most of those who not go to school are very successfully educated C Education has nothing to with a school teachers, classes and tests D People will no longer go to school to be officially educated and succeed Which of the following can serve as the title for the passage? A Schooling Does not Mean Education B Being Educated Doesn't require School C Going to School Will Soon Be out of Date D Being Educated Outweighs Being Schooled The word "critical" in paragraph mostly means A having a decisive or crucial importance for B taking on a considerable importance to C assuming enormous significance for D exerting a great influence on With the phrase "that school education" in paragraph the writer refers to A the education people receive from primary schools B the education people receive from secondary schools C the first 12 years of education people receive D the education people for a degree or the like The phrasal verb “reads up on" in paragraph mostly means A to read a lot about something B to read something very carefully C to read only what interests you D to read closely from beginning to end The word "automatically" in paragraph can be best replaced with A normally B necessarily C definitely D always The example described in paragraph refers to the fact that A a person going to school is not always educated B a person can educate himself in practical life C courses at colleges are merely for the degree D knowledge acquired at colleges can be read elsewhere Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A degree-holding person should still go on self-educating for a successful career B Many professions require that employees acquire official courses C Doing things in relevance to profession or interest is one way of educating yourself D Doing things in passion has nothing to with taking official degree courses This passage is most likely to be taken from A a magazine for teachers B a journal of education sciences C a textbook for university students D an article for the public 10 The tone passage is A descriptive B affirmative C negative D creative II Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Automated manufacture arose out of the intimate relationship of such economic forces and technical innovations as the division of labor, power transfer and the mechanization of the factory, and the development of transfer machines and feedback systems as explained below The division of labor (that is, the reduction of a manufacturing or service process into its smallest independent steps) developed in the latter half of the 18th century and was first discussed by the Scottish economist Adam Smith in his book An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776) In manufacturing, the division of labor results in increased production and a reduction in the level of skills required of workers Mechanization was the next step necessary in the development of automation The simplification of work made possible by the division of labor also made it possible to design and build machines that duplicated the motions of the worker As the technology of power transfer evolved, these specialized machines were motorized and their production efficiency was improved The development of power technology also gave rise to the factory system of production, because all workers and machines had to be located near the power source The transfer machine is a device used to move a workpiece from one specialized machine tool to another, in such a manner as to properly position the workpiece for the next machining operation Industrial robots, originally designed only to perform simple tasks in environments dangerous to human workers, are now extremely dexterous and are being used to transfer, handle, and index (that is, to position) both light and heavy workpieces, thus performing all the functions of a transfer machine In actual practice, a number of separate machines are integrated into what may be thought of as one large machine In the 1920s the auto industry combined these concepts into an integrated system of production The goal of this assembly-line system was to make automobiles available to people who previously could not afford them This method of production was adopted by most automobile manufacturers and rapidly became known as Detroit automation Despite more recent advances, it is this system of production that most people think of as automation According to the passage, automated manufacture did not result from A division of labor C development of transfer machines B mechanization of factory D lack of human resources Which of the following is true according to the passage? A Division of labor came from economic forces B Division of labor arose out of technical innovations C Division of labor led to the reduction of workers D Division of labor resulted in simplification of work It can be understood that the key factor of mechanization is A machine design B machine efficiency C power source D power technology The word "dexterous" in paragraph is closest in meaning to A intelligent B skillful C efficient D powerful The auto industry is mentioned in the passage as A an example of automated manufacture B a method of automobile production C an integrated system of production D an automated system of production III Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Making robots work well in the home is incredibly difficult Their sensory apparatus is limited because sensors are expensive and interpretation (especially common-sense knowledge) is still more suited for research than deployment Robotic arms are expensive to build and not very reliable This limits the range of possibilities: Mowing and vacuuming? Sure Sorting laundry? Hard, but doable Picking up dirty items around the home? Doubtful How about assistants for the elderly or those who need medical supervision? This is a booming area of exploration, but I am skeptical Today's devices are not reliable, versatile, or intelligent enough - not yet, anyway Moreover, the social aspects of the interaction are far more complex than the technical ones, something the technology-driven enthusiasts typically fail to recognize Three likely directions for the future are entertainment, home appliances, and education We can start with today's existing devices and slowly add on intelligence, manipulative ability, and function Start small and build The market for robots that entertain by being cute and cuddly is already well established The second generation of vacuum cleaners is smarter than the first Sony's dog gets smarter and less expensive with each new version We don't get think of washing machines, microwave ovens, and coffee makers as robots, but why not? They don't move around the house, but they are getting better and smarter every year And when the coffee maker is connected to the pantry and dishwasher, that will be a home robot worthy of the name: same for the coupling of sorting, washing, drying, and storing clothes Education is a powerful possibility There is already a solid basis of educational devices that aid learning Today's robots can read aloud in engaging voices They can be cute and lovable - witness the responses to the multiple quasi-intelligent animals on the toy market A robot could very well interact with a child, offering educational benefits as well Why not have the robot help the child learn the alphabet, teach reading, vocabulary, pronunciation, basic arithmetic, maybe basic reasoning? Why not music and art, geography and history? And why restrict it to children? Adults can be willing and active learners Now this is a direction worthy of exploration: Robot as teacher Not to replace school, not to replace human contact and interaction, but to supplement them The beauty here is that these tasks are well within the abilities of today's devices They don't require much mobility nor sophisticated manipulators Many technologists dream of implementing Neil Stephenson's children's tutor in his novel The Diamond Age: Or, a Young Lady's Illustrated Primer Why not? Here is a worthy challenge It is understood from paragraph one that A Home robots are still expensive even though they can various technical tasks B Home robots are not reliable and intelligent enough for complex social interactions C Home robots have not been commonly used as they are still in research D Home robots have been recognized by the technology-driven enthusiasts Which of the following statements is TRUE as discussed in the passage? A The best home robots are now for entertainment purposes B Home robots now are integrated into home appliances C Home robots help parents teach their children more intelligently D Smart home appliances should be considered home robots The word "skeptical" in paragraph two is closest in meaning to A doubtful B unbelievable C terrified D threatening The writer mentions Sony's dog as an example of A robots doing household chores B robots entertaining in the house C clean and intelligent pets D best-selling robots for entertainment The word "They" in paragraph two refers to A washing machines B microwave ovens C coffee makers D home appliances The word "engaging" in paragraph three mostly means “ ” A satisfying B attractive C sweet D warm The word "supplement" in the last paragraph can be replaced with “ ” A strengthen B add C assist D expand The author of the passage may agree that A Robots nowadays are most beneficial in the field of education B Home robots are not popular due to the high cost of manufacture C Robots to entertain will be marketed more and more to children D Robots have been becoming an integral part of our home life The next paragraph following this passage may include more information about robots as A toys B home appliances C tutors D active learners 10 The tone of the passage is A conservative B passive C skeptical D radical IV Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks THE POPULARITY OF TEXT MESSAGING Why is text messaging so popular, especially with young people? There are two main reasons One is cost, as many teenagers have to use pay-as-you-go mobile tariffs (1) of contracts, and so it is cheaper to send a text message than (2) a voice call So texters get better value of (3) But there is a second, less practical reason for its popularity A generation is growing up happy to communicate (4) by text, and this new form of instant communication is even more relaxed and informal than either email or phone calls Text messaging has created a completely new language, (5) of abbreviations and unusual spellings It is a language that is not understood by adults, even though they can buy special dictionaries explaining it, and it has opened up a huge generation (6) between teenagers and their parents For teenagers, text is convenient and quick, (7) it confuses parents Text messaging is a teenage (8) to grown up technology and (9) young people with a means of communicating that is always accessible It is also something that they can call their own, and in spite of some concern in the teaching profession that literacy skills are being (10) text messaging is a form of communication that is certainly here to stay A instead B rather C other D afraid A B make C take D form A cash B income C money D earnings A almost B mostly C completely D rarely A filled B packed C full D fraught A distance B gap C length D obstacle A and B for C so D but A access B reply C response D attitude A gives B brings C carries D provides 10 A forgotten B beaten C lost D overtaken V Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Dear Editor, Why newspapers carry so many advertisements for electronic equipment? Last Sunday I counted ads for seven kinds of televisions and thirteen kinds of radios in the Atlanta Journal Besides that, there were pages and pages of ads for tape recorders and CD players Don't you realize what electronic equipment is doing to our daily life? Everywhere you go you may hear loud music and advertisements over radios; this continual noise is doing harm to our ears Husbands don't talk to wives anymore; they are always watching the news or a ball game on TV Children ruin their eyes with endless hours of watching not only the programs for children but those for grownups as well And worse, hidden microphones find out about our private lives, and computers keep records of personal information about us Enough is enough! I think you should limit the amount of advertising of electronic equipment in the Atlanta Journal; otherwise it will make life unbearable for us all What does the writer complain about? A Noise B Newspapers C Advertisements D Electronic equipment What problem does the writer think radio causes? A It gives too much music B It has too many programs for advertising C Its noise does harm to our ears D It changes our daily live Why husbands talk less and less to wives, according to the writer? A They spend too much time on sports B They are always watching TV programs C They like to play games on TV D They take little interest in their wives What is the writer worried about most? A Electronic equipment may invade our private life B Electronic equipment may harm our health C Electronic equipment may affect children's study.D Electronic equipment may affect family relationship What is implied in this letter? A There are too many programs for grownups on TV B Reading advertisements is a waste of time C Watching TV may hurt children's eyes D Some electronic equipment may cause social problems - (Đồ điện tử gây vấn đề xã hội) VI Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Cyberspace, data superhighway, multimedia - for those who have seen the future, the linking of computers, television and telephones will change our lives forever Yet for all the talk of a forthcoming technological utopia, little attention has been given to the implications of these developments for the poor As with all new high technology, while the West concerns itself with the "how", the question of "for whom" is put aside once again Economists are only now realizing the full extent to which the communications revolution has affected the world economy Information technology allows the extension of trade across geographical and industrial boundaries, and transnational corporations take full advantage of it Terms of trade, exchange and interest rates and money movements are more important than the production of goods The electronic economy made possible by information technology allows the haves to increase their control on global markets - with destructive impact on the have-nots For them the result is instability Developing countries which rely on the production of a small range of goods for export are made to feel like small parts in the international economic machine As futures" are traded on computer screens, developing countries simply have less and less control of their destinies So what are the options for regaining control? One alternative is for developing countries to buy in the latest computers and telecommunications themselves – so called development communications" modernization Yet this leads to long-term dependency and perhaps permanent constraints on developing countries economies Communications technology is generally exported from the U.S., Europe or Japan; the patents, skills and ability to manufacture remain in the hands of a few industrialized countries It is also expensive, and imported products and services must therefore be bought on credit - credit usually provided by the very countries whose companies stand to gain Furthermore, when new technology is introduced there is often too low a level of expertise to exploit it for native development This means that while local elites, foreign communities and subsidiaries of transnational corporations may benefit, those whose lives depend on access to the information are denied it According to paragraph 1, the development of high technology is in the interests of A the rich countries B scientific development C the elite D the world economy The word "utopia" in paragraph is closest in meaning to A unreal perfection B rapid development C positive effect D gloomy prospect It can be inferred from the passage that A international trade should be expanded B the interests of the poor countries have not been given enough consideration C the exports of the poor countries should be increased D communications technology in developing countries should be modernized The word "instability” in paragraph is closest in meaning to A steadiness B certainty C uncertainty D impossibility The word "which" in paragraph refers to A instability B result C countries D goods The word "constraints" in paragraph is closest in meaning to A limitations B benefits C demands D struggles Why is it stated that the electronic economy may have a destructive impact on developing countries? A Because it enables the developed countries to control the international market B Because it destroys the economic balance of the poor countries C Because it violates the national boundaries of the poor countries D Because it inhibits the industrial growth of developing countries The development of modern communications technology in developing countries may A hinder their industrial production B cause them to lose control of their trade C force them to reduce their share of exports D cost them their economic independence The word "it" in paragraph refers to A development B new technology C native development D level of expertise 10 The author's attitude toward the communications revolution is A positive B critical C indifferent D tolerant VII Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks A NEW APPROACH TO DESIGNING BUILDINGS Some experts fear that many people are becoming overweight Adults are encouraged to exercise for a minimum of thirty minutes, five times a week, and the average person is (1) to take 10,000 steps per day to maintain basic (2) , but it is a fact that few office workers manage to take more than 5,000 Now architects have (3) 'fit' office buildings which encourage employees to become healthier because they have to walk while they are at work In these buildings, meeting rooms and car parks are placed a long way from office desks so that workers have to walk to (4) them In one building the cafe is (5) in the furthest section so that some workers have to walk as (6) as half a kilometer to and from lunch There is special emphasis on (7) people to use stairs instead of lifts, and long staircases are broken into flights of no more than nine stairs, so that they don't look so difficult to climb There are also large windows which provide attractive (8) over the city (9) , the lifts are not easy to get access to, and in some buildings, they only stop at one floor in three It's a design policy for a fitter environment which encourages people to walk without making it appear to be (10) work - but will it be successful? Only time will tell A recommended B suggested C proposed D approved A condition B fitness C shape D size A invented B modelled C schemed D designed A arrive B get C reach D come A located B settled C discovered D set A well B far C soon D little A making B letting C persuading D bringing A looks B sights C pictures D views A On the other hand B Although C In spite of D So that 10 A tough B difficult C hard D bad VIII Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions After years of hype and false starts, the shift to clean power has begun to accelerate at a pace that has taken the most experienced experts by surprise Even leaders in the oil and gas sector have been forced to confront an existential question: will the 21st century be the last one for fossil fuels? It is early, but the evidence is mounting Wind and solar parks are being built at unprecedented rates, threatening the business models of established power companies Electric cars that were hard to even buy eight years ago are selling at an exponential rate, in the process driving down the price of batteries that hold the key to unleashing new levels of green growth “This clean energy disruption has just started and what is striking is how much of a financial impact it is already having on some companies,” says Per Lekander, a portfolio manager at London's Lansdowne Partners hedge fund, who has tracked global energy markets for more than 25 years “It hit the electricity sector first, in Europe in 2013 and then the US two years later Now it has spread to the auto sector and I think the oil industry is next.” The shift has come as increased government efforts to curb climate change and smog have driven down costs and spurred technical advances, creating a green energy industry that looks nothing like it did a decade ago: expensive and sluggish Today, China and India have picked up the baton and are driving a sector that has spread to every continent The result was a banner year for green energy in 2016 It is stated in the passage that in the past, green energy A used internationally with great efficacy B received huge investment from goverment C was disfavoured at the beginning D was the main sources of energy using by humans The fear of leaders from oil and gas sector company comes from A the likelihood of fossil fuel to exhaust by the end of the 21st century B the sufficiency of enerygy produced by green power C the changes in manufacturing oil and gas D green power companies enjoying huge investment from the government The price of electric cars has been A rising rapidly B increasing steadily C falling exponentially D fluctuating wildly In which year was the electricity sector in US hit by the use of green energy? A 2013 B.2014 C 2015 D 2016 The word "sluggish" is closest in meaning to A inactive B developed C promising D ineffective IX Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Scientists believe that something very serious is happening to the Earth It is becoming warmer Scientists predict that there will be major changes in the climate during the 21st century Coastal waters will have higher temperatures This will have a serious effect on agriculture Farmers will have trouble producing good crops In warm regions, the weather will be too dry The amount of water could decrease by 50 per cent This would cause a large decrease in agricultural production World temperatures could increase from 1.5 to 5.6 degrees Celsius by the middle of the 21st century And the increase in temperature could be even greater in the Arctic and Antarctic regions A rise in temperature could cause the great ice sheets to melt, which, in turn would raise the level of oceans by one to two meters Many coastal cities would be underwater Why is all this happening? The Earth and its atmosphere are kept warm by the Sun The atmosphere lets most of the light from the Sun pass through to warm the Earth The Earth is warmer by the sunlight and sends heat energy back into the atmosphere Much of this energy escapes from the Earth's atmosphere However, some of it remains Gases such as carbon dioxide, ozone and water vapor absorb this energy and create more heat Then, this heat is sent back down to Earth, and the Earth becomes warmer Recently, however, an increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is causing serious problems Too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere prevents heat energy from escaping Too much heat is sent back down to the Earth, and the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere continues to increase When oil, gas, and coal burn, they create large amounts of carbon dioxide The destruction of rain forests that absorb carbon dioxide also helps to increase the amount of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere Some scientists believe that the amount of carbon dioxide in the air will double by the late 2000s Scientists call this warming of the Earth and its atmosphere “the greenhouse effect” A greenhouse, made of glass and plastic, is a special place where plants are grown The sunlight passes through the glass or plastic and warms the air inside The heat inside escapes very slowly, so the greenhouse remains very warm This is exactly what is happening on the Earth Another reason why the Earth is growing warmer is because of the amount of ozone in our atmosphere Ozone is a form of oxygen In the upper atmosphere, very far from the Earth, a layer of ozone helps to protect the Earth from 95 percent of the harmful light that comes from the sun If your skin receives too much of this light, you would develop skin cancer We need the ozone layer to protect ourselves But the ozone layer is in trouble Scientists have observed that the ozone layer is becoming thin, and above Antarctica there is a hole This allows too much of the sun's dangerous light into our atmosphere and makes the Earth warmer Scientists say we must start making changes and planning now We need to continue to research, so we can predict what will happen in the future We must burn less coal, oil, and gas Other scientists believe that the problem is not so serious They think that the Earth is growing warmer naturally, that we don't need to worry about it now, and that we should just get ready for life in the warmer climate Most scientists agree that the causes of the world's climate are very complicated They say that we must continue to measure the amount of carbon dioxide and ozone in the atmosphere Scientists also encourage people to learn about the changes that are occurring in the world and how we can all help protect our atmosphere Which of the following will be one of the consequences of a warmer earth? A Crops will be poor unless they are grown in the green house B The amount of water will be decreased by half C Farmer will get into trouble because of the heat D There will be no winter on earth A rise in temperature will be more remarkable A in the Arctic and Antarctic regions B in the coastal cities C by the year 2050 D under the great ice sheets The melting of the polar ice sheets will probably lead to A a rise in global temperature B the extinction of many polar animals C flooding of many coastal cities D a serve winter all over the world The Earth wouldn't become warmer if A the heat energy didn't escape from the earth's atmosphere B sunlight didn't pass through the atmosphere C the earth didn't send heat energy back into the atmosphere D carbon dioxide, ozone and water vapor didn't retain the heat energy When the rainforests are destroyed A people have to burn coal, oil, gas instead of wood for fuel B heat energy fails to escape from the atmosphere C there is nothing to absorb carbon dioxide D serious problems are caused for the scientists It is obvious that A greenhouses are responsible for the warming of the earth B what is happening on the earth is comparable to what happens in a greenhouse C greenhouses should be banned to prevent the warming of the earth D things wouldn't be so bad if greenhouses were not made of glass or plastic How useful is the ozone layer? A It protects the earth from the harmful radiation from the sun B It absorbs much of the carbon dioxide C It sends the extra heat energy back into space and thus keeps the earth cool D It helps treat skin cancer The two factors that directly cause the greenhouse effects are A the destruction of rain forests and the melting of the polar ice B the burning of fossil fuels and the changes of the climate C the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and the decrease of the ozone layer D the ignorance of greenhouse owners and the development of skin cancer There seems to be A a solution to the problem by the middle of the 21st century B no need to worry about fossil fuels like coal, oil, and gas C other undiscovered causes of the greenhouse effects D some disagreement among the scientists as to the danger of the greenhouse effect 10 Which is the best title for the passage? A The global warming B The greenhouse effect C The heat energy D The change of climate in the poles KEY PHƯƠNG PHÁP LÀM BÀI ĐỌC HIỂU TIẾNG ANH I Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions The old belief was that you had to go to school to get educated, but there are plenty of people who have educated themselves outside of school and become successful They followed their passion, educated themselves as they went along, and found success despite not actually going to a school where you sit down, learn from a teacher, and take tests I think that the first 12 years of education are critical Primary and secondary education teaches you the basics, helps you get into a mindset of learning, exposes you to a variety of areas that you can pursue after school, and gives you some real world experience with socializing and working with other people All of those things are important, but after that, you can't rely on a school to really educate you in life You can go to college and learn about whatever field you want to go into But, that school education isn't going to give you the knowledge you need to really be successful in your career and your life For example, I have a friend who is an accountant He hasn't finished all the courses in school that he needs to get his Bachelor's degree, but he has more knowledge and ability than anyone who has finished their courses in school that he works with He reads up on what he needs to know as he works He is passionate about what he does He can figure stuff out that his fully-schooled peers can't And he is a shining example of why going to school doesn't automatically mean you are more educated The point is that you can educate yourself in the real world Obviously, there are some programs that you have to take if you want to be accepted into a specific kind of job Even though you can educate yourself outside of school, many professions still require you to finish an education and have a piece of paper proving it so that you can get hired But, for many other things, you can educate yourself by doing things related to your career or passions You can educate yourself online by taking courses, learning from experts, buying eBooks, and having discussions with like-minded people You don't need a school to be educated in life As Mark Twain said, “I have never let my schooling interfere with my education." It is stated in paragraph that A It is not always necessary for a person to go to school to be educated B Most of those who not go to school are very successfully educated C Education has nothing to with a school teachers, classes and tests D People will no longer go to school to be officially educated and succeed - Nêu rõ đoạn 1: but there are plenty of people who have educated themselves outside of school and become successful Which of the following can serve as the title for the passage? A Schooling Does not Mean Education B Being Educated Doesn't require School C Going to School Will Soon Be out of Date D Being Educated Outweighs Being Schooled - Suy từ nội dung văn bản: Toàn văn thuyết phục người đọc cách luận luận chứng đầy đủ việc muốn thành công không thiết cần phải tới trường nhận đào tạo thống mà nhờ q trình tự đào tạo suốt đời The word "critical" in paragraph mostly means A having a decisive or crucial importance for B taking on a considerable importance to C assuming enormous significance for D exerting a great influence on - Suy từ nội dung đoạn văn (key words: the basics, mindset) With the phrase "that school education" in paragraph the writer refers to A the education people receive from primary schools 10 B the education people receive from secondary schools C the first 12 years of education people receive D the education people for a degree or the like - Hồi The phrasal verb “reads up on" in paragraph mostly means A to read a lot about something B to read something very carefully C to read only what interests you D to read closely from beginning to end - Suy từ tình miêu tả ‘the authors friend': He reads up on what he needs to know as he works He is passionate about what he does He can figure stuff out that his fully-schooled peers can't The word "automatically" in paragraph can be best replaced with A normally B necessarily C definitely D always - Kết luận tình huống: And he is a shining example of why going to school doesn't automatically mean you are more educated The example described in paragraph refers to the fact that A a person going to school is not always educated B a person can educate himself in practical life C courses at colleges are merely for the degree D knowledge acquired at colleges can be read elsewhere - Kết luận tình (mở rộng): The point is that you can educate yourself in the real world Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A degree-holding person should still go on self-educating for a successful career B Many professions require that employees acquire official courses C Doing things in relevance to profession or interest is one way of educating yourself D Doing things in passion has nothing to with taking official degree courses - Suy từ văn (A: đoạn 3: All of those things are important, but after that, you can't rely on a school to really educate you in life.; B: đoạn 5: many professions still require you to finish an education and have a piece of paper proving it so that you can get hired; C: đoạn 6: you can educate yourself by doing things related to your career or passions.) This passage is most likely to be taken from A a magazine for teachers B a journal of education sciences C a textbook for university students D an article for the public - Văn có tính đại chúng đưa thông tin lập luận gần gũi với tất người xã hội cố gắng phát triển thân nghiệp 10 The tone passage is A descriptive B affirmative C negative D creative - Thái độ tác giả thể qua văn phong kiên định chắn II Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Automated manufacture arose out of the intimate relationship of such economic forces and technical innovations as the division of labor, power transfer and the mechanization of the factory, and the development of transfer machines and feedback systems as explained below The division of labor (that is, the reduction of a manufacturing or service process into its smallest independent steps) developed in the latter half of the 18th century and was first discussed by the Scottish economist Adam Smith in his book An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776) In manufacturing, the division of labor results in increased production and a reduction in the level of skills required of workers 11 Mechanization was the next step necessary in the development of automation The simplification of work made possible by the division of labor also made it possible to design and build machines that duplicated the motions of the worker As the technology of power transfer evolved, these specialized machines were motorized and their production efficiency was improved The development of power technology also gave rise to the factory system of production, because all workers and machines had to be located near the power source The transfer machine is a device used to move a workpiece from one specialized machine tool to another, in such a manner as to properly position the workpiece for the next machining operation Industrial robots, originally designed only to perform simple tasks in environments dangerous to human workers, are now extremely dexterous and are being used to transfer, handle, and index (that is, to position) both light and heavy workpieces, thus performing all the functions of a transfer machine In actual practice, a number of separate machines are integrated into what may be thought of as one large machine In the 1920s the auto industry combined these concepts into an integrated system of production The goal of this assembly-line system was to make automobiles available to people who previously could not afford them This method of production was adopted by most automobile manufacturers and rapidly became known as Detroit automation Despite more recent advances, it is this system of production that most people think of as automation According to the passage, automated manufacture did not result from A division of labor C development of transfer machines B mechanization of factory D lack of human resources - Đoạn 1: Automated manufacture arose out of the intimate relationship of such economic forces and technical innovations as the division of labor, power transfer and the mechanization of the factory, and the development of transfer machines and feedback systems as explained below Which of the following is true according to the passage? A Division of labor came from economic forces B Division of labor arose out of technical innovations C Division of labor led to the reduction of workers D Division of labor resulted in simplification of work - Đoạn (A, B: Automated manufacture arose out of the intimate relationship of such economic forces and technical innovations as the division of labor, power transfer and the mechanization of the factory, and the development of transfer machines and feedback systems as explained below; C in manufacturing, the division of labor results in increased production and a reduction in the level of skills required of workers.) It can be understood that the key factor of mechanization is A machine design B machine efficiency C power source D power technology - Đoạn 3: Q trình khí hố diễn mạnh mẽ nhờ vào q trình phát triển ngành Cơng nghiệp điện, nguồn lượng để vận hành máy móc (As the technology of power transfer evolved, these specialized machines were motorized and their production efficiency was improved.) The word "dexterous" in paragraph is closest in meaning to A intelligent B skillful C efficient D powerful - Suy từ tình đoạn 4: Industrial robots, originally designed only to perform simple tasks in environments dangerous to human workers, are now extremely dexterous and are being used to transfer, handle, and index (that is, to position) both light and heavy workpieces, thus performing all the functions of a transfer machine The auto industry is mentioned in the passage as A an example of automated manufacture B a method of automobile production C an integrated system of production D an automated system of production - Đoạn 5: In the 1920s the auto industry combined these concepts into an integrated system of production This method of production was adopted by most automobile manufacturers and rapidly became known as Detroit automation 12 III Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Making robots work well in the home is incredibly difficult Their sensory apparatus is limited because sensors are expensive and interpretation (especially common-sense knowledge) is still more suited for research than deployment Robotic arms are expensive to build and not very reliable This limits the range of possibilities: Mowing and vacuuming? Sure Sorting laundry? Hard, but doable Picking up dirty items around the home? Doubtful How about assistants for the elderly or those who need medical supervision? This is a booming area of exploration, but I am skeptical Today's devices are not reliable, versatile, or intelligent enough - not yet, anyway Moreover, the social aspects of the interaction are far more complex than the technical ones, something the technology-driven enthusiasts typically fail to recognize Three likely directions for the future are entertainment, home appliances, and education We can start with today's existing devices and slowly add on intelligence, manipulative ability, and function Start small and build The market for robots that entertain by being cute and cuddly is already well established The second generation of vacuum cleaners is smarter than the first Sony's dog gets smarter and less expensive with each new version We don't get think of washing machines, microwave ovens, and coffee makers as robots, but why not? They don't move around the house, but they are getting better and smarter every year And when the coffee maker is connected to the pantry and dishwasher, that will be a home robot worthy of the name: same for the coupling of sorting, washing, drying, and storing clothes Education is a powerful possibility There is already a solid basis of educational devices that aid learning Today's robots can read aloud in engaging voices They can be cute and lovable - witness the responses to the multiple quasi-intelligent animals on the toy market A robot could very well interact with a child, offering educational benefits as well Why not have the robot help the child learn the alphabet, teach reading, vocabulary, pronunciation, basic arithmetic, maybe basic reasoning? Why not music and art, geography and history? And why restrict it to children? Adults can be willing and active learners Now this is a direction worthy of exploration: Robot as teacher Not to replace school, not to replace human contact and interaction, but to supplement them The beauty here is that these tasks are well within the abilities of today's devices They don't require much mobility nor sophisticated manipulators Many technologists dream of implementing Neil Stephenson's children's tutor in his novel The Diamond Age: Or, a Young Lady's Illustrated Primer Why not? Here is a worthy challenge It is understood from paragraph one that A Home robots are still expensive even though they can various technical tasks B Home robots are not reliable and intelligent enough for complex social interactions C Home robots have not been commonly used as they are still in research D Home robots have been recognized by the technology-driven enthusiasts - Phần cuối đoạn 1: This is a booming area of exploration, but I am skeptical Today's devices are not reliable, versatile, or intelligent enough - not yet, anyway Moreover, the social aspects of the interaction are far more complex than the technical ones, something the technology-driven enthusiasts typically fail to recognize Which of the following statements is TRUE as discussed in the passage? A The best home robots are now for entertainment purposes B Home robots now are integrated into home appliances C Home robots help parents teach their children more intelligently D Smart home appliances should be considered home robots - Phần cuối đoạn 2: We don't yet think of washing machines, microwave ovens, and coffee makers as robots, but why not? They don't move around the house, but they are getting better and smarter every year And when the coffee maker is connected to the pantry and dishwasher, that will be a home robot worthy of the name: same for the coupling of sorting, washing, drying, and storing clothes The word "skeptical" in paragraph two is closest in meaning to 13 A doubtful B unbelievable C terrified D threatening - Dựa vào tình câu trả lời tương tự với ‘doubtful’ trả lời câu hỏi phía trước: This limits the range of possibilities: Mowing and vacuuming? Sure Sorting laundry? Hard, but doable Picking up dirty items around the home? Doubtful How about assistants for the elderly or those who need medical supervision? This is a booming area of exploration, but I am skeptical The writer mentions Sony's dog as an example of A robots doing household chores B robots entertaining in the house C clean and intelligent pets D best-selling robots for entertainment - Đoạn 2: Three likely directions for the future are entertainment, home appliances, and education The market for robots that entertain by being cute and cuddly is already well established Sony's dog gets smarter and less expensive with each new version The word "They" in paragraph two refers to A washing machines B microwave ovens C coffee makers D home appliances - Hồi The word "engaging" in paragraph three mostly means “ ” A satisfying B attractive C sweet D warm - Suy từ cách miêu tả giọng nói miêu tả robots đoạn 3: Today's robots can read aloud in engaging voices They can be cute and lovable - witness the responses to the multiple quasi-intelligent animals on the toy market The word "supplement" in the last paragraph can be replaced with “ ” A strengthen B add C assist D expand - Đầu đoạn (khơng thay hoạt động) Now this is a direction worthy of exploration: Robot as teacher Not to replace school, not to replace human contact and interaction, but to supplement them The author of the passage may agree that A Robots nowadays are most beneficial in the field of education B Home robots are not popular due to the high cost of manufacture C Robots to entertain will be marketed more and more to children D Robots have been becoming an integral part of our home life - Suy từ toàn bài, chủ yếu đoạn số (Đoạn 2, 3, 4): đáp án khác nội dung không cần suy luận, đáp án D thể quan điểm tác giả liệt kê lợi ích tác dụng robots khía cạnh đời sống The next paragraph following this passage may include more information about robots as A toys B home appliances C tutors D active learners - Suy từ câu cuối bài: Many technologists dream of implementing Nell Stephenson's children's tutor in his novel The Diamond Age: Or, a Young Lady's Illustrated Primer Why not? Here is a worthy challenge Tác giả nêu ví dụ nêu quan điểm nên có khả đoạn mơ tả chi tiết ví dụ để chứng minh cho quan điểm 10 The tone of the passage is A conservative B passive C skeptical D radical - Tổi độ giọng điệu tác giả thể qua đọc có tính cấp tiến: tác giả ủng hộ việc sử dụng robots lĩnh vực khác sống, đặc biệt tích hợp tiện ích gia đình IV Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks THE POPULARITY OF TEXT MESSAGING Why is text messaging so popular, especially with young people? There are two main reasons One is cost, as many teenagers have to use pay-as-you-go mobile tariffs (1) of contracts, and so it is cheaper to send a text message than (2) a voice call So texters get better value of (3) But there is a second, less practical reason for its popularity A generation is growing up happy to communicate (4) by text, and this new form of instant 14 communication is even more relaxed and informal than either email or phone calls Text messaging has created a completely new language, (5) of abbreviations and unusual spellings It is a language that is not understood by adults, even though they can buy special dictionaries explaining it, and it has opened up a huge generation (6) between teenagers and their parents For teenagers, text is convenient and quick, (7) it confuses parents Text messaging is a teenage (8) to grown up technology and (9) young people with a means of communicating that is always accessible It is also something that they can call their own, and in spite of some concern in the teaching profession that literacy skills are being (10) text messaging is a form of communication that is certainly here to stay A instead B rather C other D afraid - (“instead of sth” mang nghĩa “thay gì”) A B make C take D form - (“make a call” collocation, mang nghĩa gọi điện) A cash B income C money D earnings - (“value of money" mang nghĩa “giá trị tiền”) A almost B mostly C completely D rarely - (mostly mang nghĩa chủ yếu, phần lớn Lưu ý: “almost” mang nghĩa “gần như”, tương tự chữ “nearly") A filled B packed C full D fraught - (“to be full of sth” mang nghĩa chứa đầy gì”, lưu ý: chữ cịn lại với giới từ with) A distance B gap C length D obstacle - ("generation gap” mang nghĩa “khoảng cách hệ”, collocation) A and B for C so D but - (chọn chữ “but”, thể tương phản Lưu ý: đọc kĩ vế trước vế sau để chọn đúng) A access B reply C response D attitude - (“a response to sth” mang nghĩa “sự phản ứng với gì” ngữ cảnh này) A gives B brings C carries D provides - (“provide sb with sth” mang nghĩa "cung cấp cho gì”) 10 A forgotten B beaten C lost D overtaken - (“be lost” mang nghĩa “bị đánh mất”) V Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Dear Editor, Why newspapers carry so many advertisements for electronic equipment? Last Sunday I counted ads for seven kinds of televisions and thirteen kinds of radios in the Atlanta Journal Besides that, there were pages and pages of ads for tape recorders and CD players Don't you realize what electronic equipment is doing to our daily life? Everywhere you go you may hear loud music and advertisements over radios; this continual noise is doing harm to our ears Husbands don't talk to wives anymore; they are always watching the news or a ball game on TV Children ruin their eyes with endless hours of watching not only the programs for children but those for grownups as well And worse, hidden microphones find out about our private lives, and computers keep records of personal information about us Enough is enough! I think you should limit the amount of advertising of electronic equipment in the Atlanta Journal; otherwise it will make life unbearable for us all What does the writer complain about? A Noise B Newspapers C Advertisements D Electronic equipment - (Tác giả phàn nàn thực tế có q nhiều quảng cáo Đoạn 1, dịng 1: Why newspapers carry so many advertisements for electronic equipment?) What problem does the writer think radio causes? A It gives too much music B It has too many programs for advertising 15 C Its noise does harm to our ears D It changes our daily live - (Đoạn 2, dòng 2: this continual noise is doing harm to our ears) Why husbands talk less and less to wives, according to the writer? A They spend too much time on sports B They are always watching TV programs C They like to play games on TV D They take little interest in their wives - (Đoạn 2, dòng 2-3: Husbands don't talk to wives anymore; they are always watching the news or a ballgame on TV) What is the writer worried about most? A Electronic equipment may invade our private life B Electronic equipment may harm our health C Electronic equipment may affect children's study D Electronic equipment may affect family relationship - (Đoạn 2, câu cuối: hidden microphones find out about our private lives, and computers keep records of personal information about us.) What is implied in this letter? A There are too many programs for grownups on TV B Reading advertisements is a waste of time C Watching TV may hurt children's eyes D Some electronic equipment may cause social problems - (Đồ điện tử gây vấn đề xã hội) VI Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Cyberspace, data superhighway, multimedia - for those who have seen the future, the linking of computers, television and telephones will change our lives forever Yet for all the talk of a forthcoming technological utopia, little attention has been given to the implications of these developments for the poor As with all new high technology, while the West concerns itself with the "how", the question of "for whom" is put aside once again Economists are only now realizing the full extent to which the communications revolution has affected the world economy Information technology allows the extension of trade across geographical and industrial boundaries, and transnational corporations take full advantage of it Terms of trade, exchange and interest rates and money movements are more important than the production of goods The electronic economy made possible by information technology allows the haves to increase their control on global markets - with destructive impact on the have-nots For them the result is instability Developing countries which rely on the production of a small range of goods for export are made to feel like small parts in the international economic machine As futures" are traded on computer screens, developing countries simply have less and less control of their destinies So what are the options for regaining control? One alternative is for developing countries to buy in the latest computers and telecommunications themselves – so called development communications" modernization Yet this leads to long-term dependency and perhaps permanent constraints on developing countries economies Communications technology is generally exported from the U.S., Europe or Japan; the patents, skills and ability to manufacture remain in the hands of a few industrialized countries It is also expensive, and imported products and services must therefore be bought on credit - credit usually provided by the very countries whose companies stand to gain Furthermore, when new technology is introduced there is often too low a level of expertise to exploit it for native development This means that while local elites, foreign communities and subsidiaries of transnational corporations may benefit, those whose lives depend on access to the information are denied it According to paragraph 1, the development of high technology is in the interests of A the rich countries B scientific development C the elite D the world economy 16 - (Đoạn 1, dòng cuối: As with all new high technology, while the West concerns itself with the "how", the question of "for whom" is put aside once again.) The word "utopia" in paragraph is closest in meaning to A unreal perfection B rapid development C positive effect D gloomy prospect - ("utopia” nơi mà thứ hoàn hảo) It can be inferred from the passage that A international trade should be expanded B the interests of the poor countries have not been given enough consideration C the exports of the poor countries should be increased D communications technology in developing countries should be modernized - (Đoạn 1, dòng 3: little attention has been given to the implications of these developments for the poor.) The word "instability” in paragraph is closest in meaning to A steadiness B certainty C uncertainty D impossibility - (“instability" mang nghĩa “sự không ổn định”, “uncertainty" mang nghĩa “sự không chắn”) The word "which" in paragraph refers to A instability B result C countries D goods - (chữ “which” thay cho chữ trước chữ “countries") The word "constraints" in paragraph is closest in meaning to A limitations B benefits C demands D struggles - ("constraints” “limitations” mang nghĩa “sự giới hạn") Why is it stated that the electronic economy may have a destructive impact on developing countries? A Because it enables the developed countries to control the international market B Because it destroys the economic balance of the poor countries C Because it violates the national boundaries of the poor countries D Because it inhibits the industrial growth of developing countries - (Đoạn 2, câu cuối: allows the haves to increase their control on global markets - with destructive impact on the have-nots.) The development of modern communications technology in developing countries may A hinder their industrial production B cause them to lose control of their trade C force them to reduce their share of exports D cost them their economic independence - (Đoan 4, câu cuối: this leads to long-term dependency and perhaps permanent constraints on developing countries' economies.) The word "it" in paragraph refers to A development B new technology C native development D level of expertise - ("exploit sth” mang nghĩa sử dụng, khai thác gì”, chữ "it" thay cho chữ “new technology”, “sử dụng công nghệ") 10 The author's attitude toward the communications revolution is A positive B critical C indifferent D tolerant - ("critical” mang nghĩa “thái độ phê phán” ngữ cảnh này) VII Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks A NEW APPROACH TO DESIGNING BUILDINGS Some experts fear that many people are becoming overweight Adults are encouraged to exercise for a minimum of thirty minutes, five times a week, and the average person is (1) to take 10,000 steps per day to maintain basic (2) , but it is a fact that few office workers manage to take more than 5,000 17 Now architects have (3) 'fit' office buildings which encourage employees to become healthier because they have to walk while they are at work In these buildings, meeting rooms and car parks are placed a long way from office desks so that workers have to walk to (4) them In one building the cafe is (5) in the furthest section so that some workers have to walk as (6) as half a kilometer to and from lunch There is special emphasis on (7) people to use stairs instead of lifts, and long staircases are broken into flights of no more than nine stairs, so that they don't look so difficult to climb There are also large windows which provide attractive (8) over the city (9) , the lifts are not easy to get access to, and in some buildings, they only stop at one floor in three It's a design policy for a fitter environment which encourages people to walk without making it appear to be (10) work - but will it be successful? Only time will tell A recommended B suggested C proposed D approved - (to be recommended to something: khuyến khích/khuyến cáo/khuyên nên làm gì; ý "suggest” phải “It is suggested that…” ) A condition B fitness C shape D size - (“fitness”: cân đối) A invented B modelled C schemed D designed - (ở sau có chữ “buildings", nên chọn “design”, mang nghĩa “thiết kế") A arrive B get C reach D come - (°reach something": rướn tới/đi tới gì) A located B settled C discovered D set - (“to be located in " đặt ở/có vị trí đâu đó) A well B far C soon D little - (“as far as a kilometer to and from lunch”: cách điểm ăn trưa tầm số) A making B letting C persuading D bringing - (“persuade someone to something”: thuyết phục làm việc gì) A looks B sights C pictures D views - (“view”: khung cảnh Chú ý “sight" có nghĩa thị lực, nơi tham quan) A On the other hand B Although C In spite of D So that - (“on the other hand” mang nghĩa “mặt khác", dùng để giới thiệu mặt vấn đề) 10 A tough B difficult C hard D bad - (“hard work": công việc nặng nhọc, khó khăn) VIII Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions After years of hype and false starts, the shift to clean power has begun to accelerate at a pace that has taken the most experienced experts by surprise Even leaders in the oil and gas sector have been forced to confront an existential question: will the 21st century be the last one for fossil fuels? It is early, but the evidence is mounting Wind and solar parks are being built at unprecedented rates, threatening the business models of established power companies Electric cars that were hard to even buy eight years ago are selling at an exponential rate, in the process driving down the price of batteries that hold the key to unleashing new levels of green growth “This clean energy disruption has just started and what is striking is how much of a financial impact it is already having on some companies,” says Per Lekander, a portfolio manager at London's Lansdowne Partners hedge fund, who has tracked global energy markets for more than 25 years “It hit the electricity sector first, in Europe in 2013 and then the US two years later Now it has spread to the auto sector and I think the oil industry is next.” The shift has come as increased government efforts to curb climate change and smog have driven down costs and spurred technical advances, creating a green energy industry that looks nothing like it did a decade ago: expensive and sluggish 18 Today, China and India have picked up the baton and are driving a sector that has spread to every continent The result was a banner year for green energy in 2016 It is stated in the passage that in the past, green energy A used internationally with great efficacy B received huge investment from goverment C was disfavoured at the beginning D was the main sources of energy using by humans - (Đoạn 1, dòng 1: After years of hype and false starts, the shift to clean power has begun to accelerate at a pace that has taken the most experienced experts by surprise.) The fear of leaders from oil and gas sector company comes from A the likelihood of fossil fuel to exhaust by the end of the 21st century B the sufficiency of enerygy produced by green power C the changes in manufacturing oil and gas D green power companies enjoying huge investment from the government - (Đoan 1, dòng 2: Even leaders in the oil and gas sector have been forced to confront an existential question: will the 21st century be the last one for fossil fuels?) The price of electric cars has been A rising rapidly B increasing steadily C falling exponentially D fluctuating wildly - (Đoạn 2, dòng 2: Electric cars that were hard to even buy eight year ago are selling at an exponential rate) In which year was the electricity sector in US hit by the use of green energy? A 2013 B.2014 C 2015 D 2016 - Đoạn 4, dòng 1: It hit the electricity sector first, in Europe in 2013 and then the US two years later) The word "sluggish" is closest in meaning to A inactive B developed C promising D ineffective - ("sluggish”: chậm, ùn tắc, không hoạt động) IX Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Scientists believe that something very serious is happening to the Earth It is becoming warmer Scientists predict that there will be major changes in the climate during the 21st century Coastal waters will have higher temperatures This will have a serious effect on agriculture Farmers will have trouble producing good crops In warm regions, the weather will be too dry The amount of water could decrease by 50 per cent This would cause a large decrease in agricultural production World temperatures could increase from 1.5 to 5.6 degrees Celsius by the middle of the 21st century And the increase in temperature could be even greater in the Arctic and Antarctic regions A rise in temperature could cause the great ice sheets to melt, which, in turn would raise the level of oceans by one to two meters Many coastal cities would be underwater Why is all this happening? The Earth and its atmosphere are kept warm by the Sun The atmosphere lets most of the light from the Sun pass through to warm the Earth The Earth is warmer by the sunlight and sends heat energy back into the atmosphere Much of this energy escapes from the Earth's atmosphere However, some of it remains Gases such as carbon dioxide, ozone and water vapor absorb this energy and create more heat Then, this heat is sent back down to Earth, and the Earth becomes warmer Recently, however, an increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is causing serious problems Too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere prevents heat energy from escaping Too much heat is sent back down to the Earth, and the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere continues to increase When oil, gas, and coal burn, they create large amounts of carbon dioxide The destruction of rain forests that absorb carbon dioxide also helps to increase the amount of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere Some scientists believe that the amount of carbon dioxide in the air will double by the late 2000s 19 Scientists call this warming of the Earth and its atmosphere “the greenhouse effect” A greenhouse, made of glass and plastic, is a special place where plants are grown The sunlight passes through the glass or plastic and warms the air inside The heat inside escapes very slowly, so the greenhouse remains very warm This is exactly what is happening on the Earth Another reason why the Earth is growing warmer is because of the amount of ozone in our atmosphere Ozone is a form of oxygen In the upper atmosphere, very far from the Earth, a layer of ozone helps to protect the Earth from 95 percent of the harmful light that comes from the sun If your skin receives too much of this light, you would develop skin cancer We need the ozone layer to protect ourselves But the ozone layer is in trouble Scientists have observed that the ozone layer is becoming thin, and above Antarctica there is a hole This allows too much of the sun's dangerous light into our atmosphere and makes the Earth warmer Scientists say we must start making changes and planning now We need to continue to research, so we can predict what will happen in the future We must burn less coal, oil, and gas Other scientists believe that the problem is not so serious They think that the Earth is growing warmer naturally, that we don't need to worry about it now, and that we should just get ready for life in the warmer climate Most scientists agree that the causes of the world's climate are very complicated They say that we must continue to measure the amount of carbon dioxide and ozone in the atmosphere Scientists also encourage people to learn about the changes that are occurring in the world and how we can all help protect our atmosphere Which of the following will be one of the consequences of a warmer earth? A Crops will be poor unless they are grown in the green house B The amount of water will be decreased by half C Farmer will get into trouble because of the heat D There will be no winter on earth - (Đoan 1, dòng 4: The amount of water could decrease by 50 per cent) A rise in temperature will be more remarkable A in the Arctic and Antarctic regions B in the coastal cities C by the year 2050 D under the great ice sheets - (Đoạn 2, dòng 2: And the increase in temperature could be even greater in the Arctic and Antarctic regions.) The melting of the polar ice sheets will probably lead to A a rise in global temperature B the extinction of many polar animals C flooding of many coastal cities D a serve winter all over the world - (Đoạn 2, dòng 4: Many coastal cities would be underwater) The Earth wouldn't become warmer if A the heat energy didn't escape from the earth's atmosphere B sunlight didn't pass through the atmosphere C the earth didn't send heat energy back into the atmosphere D carbon dioxide, ozone and water vapor didn't retain the heat energy - Đoạn 3, câu cuối: Gases such as carbon dioxide, ozone and water vapor absorb this energy and create more heat Then, this heat is sent back down to Earth, and the Earth becomes warmer.) When the rainforests are destroyed A people have to burn coal, oil, gas instead of wood for fuel B heat energy fails to escape from the atmosphere C there is nothing to absorb carbon dioxide D serious problems are caused for the scientists - (Đoạn 4, dòng 4: The destruction of rain forests that absorb carbon dioxide also helps to increase the amount of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere.) It is obvious that 20 A greenhouses are responsible for the warming of the earth B what is happening on the earth is comparable to what happens in a greenhouse C greenhouses should be banned to prevent the warming of the earth D things wouldn't be so bad if greenhouses were not made of glass or plastic - (Đoạn 5, câu cuối: The heat inside escapes very slowly, so the greenhouse remains very warm This is exactly what is happening on the Earth.) How useful is the ozone layer? A It protects the earth from the harmful radiation from the sun B It absorbs much of the carbon dioxide C It sends the extra heat energy back into space and thus keeps the earth cool D It helps treat skin cancer - (Đoạn 6, dòng 2, 3: a layer of ozone helps to protect the Earth from 95 percent of the harmful light that comes from the sun) The two factors that directly cause the greenhouse effects are A the destruction of rain forests and the melting of the polar ice B the burning of fossil fuels and the changes of the climate C the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and the decrease of the ozone layer D the ignorance of greenhouse owners and the development of skin cancer - (Đoạn 4, dòng 2, 3: Too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere prevents heat energy from escaping Too much heat is sent back down to the Earth, and the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere continues to increase đoạn 6, dòng cuối: This allows too much of the sun's dangerous light into our atmosphere and makes the Earth warmer.) There seems to be A a solution to the problem by the middle of the 21st century B no need to worry about fossil fuels like coal, oil, and gas C other undiscovered causes of the greenhouse effects D some disagreement among the scientists as to the danger of the greenhouse effect - (Đoạn cuối dòng 1, dòng 2: Scientists say we must start making changes and planning now Other scientists believe that the problem is not so serious) 10 Which is the best title for the passage? A The global warming B The greenhouse effect C The heat energy D The change of climate in the poles 21 ... modernized The word "instability” in paragraph is closest in meaning to A steadiness B certainty C uncertainty D impossibility The word "which" in paragraph refers to A instability B result C countries... developments for the poor.) The word "instability” in paragraph is closest in meaning to A steadiness B certainty C uncertainty D impossibility - (“instability" mang nghĩa “sự không ổn định”,... machine In the 1920s the auto industry combined these concepts into an integrated system of production The goal of this assembly-line system was to make automobiles available to people who previously