Solutions to enhance competitiveness of truong giang trading and service limited liability company

INTRODUCTION 1.The urgency of the research subject The commercial and trading of cars are one of the most important economies and contributes to industrialization and modernization Vietnamese life is improving more than in the past, so the car is an essential tool for everyone The demand for the use of the car has steadily increased since 2006 With over 96 million people in Vietnam and high economic growth, the development prospects of the industry The automotive industry is huge For these reasons, I decided to choose the subject: “Solutions to enhance competitiveness of Truong Giang trading and service limited liability company.” Nissan Lao Cai is one of the most prestigious and well-known companies in the province of Lao Cai However, there are still not many in-depth statements from financial institutions, and information about the company is still ambiguous in the market That is why I am making this report with the aim of improving and providing information about the Nissan Lao Cai Moreover, the report also shows part of the process of analysis of financial statements in the company, therefore support the company in improving these processes I have tried to be extremely meticulous in preparing this report despite the various limitations faced as very limited information about auto industry Objectives of the research First, systematize the theoretical basis of the competitiveness of business companies, including concepts, characteristics, content The second is to analyze the current situation of Truong Giang trading and service limited liability company competitiveness on automobile products in the Lao Cai market for competitors, thereby drawing out successes, limitations, and causes of successes, that restriction Thirdly, the theoretical basis has been systematical with objective assessments on the actual situation of implementing the business strategy and the competitive strategy of the company company paintings Research methods Student choose dialectical materialism and historical materialism based on objective phenomena and socio-economic rules At the same time, student use a combination of research methods to achieve research objectives Specifically: a) Methods of collecting and processing information The method of collecting and processing information is used by students to collect primary and secondary documents These are the financial statements of several multinational companies in Vietnam; reports on inspection results of multinational company branches of the General Department of Taxation and Tax Departments in some localities; some conclusions of inspection of violations of tax obligations in general, suspicion of price transfer in particular of Inspectorate of the Ministry of Finance, State Audit; relevant legal documents, reports, projects and programs of the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Planning and Investment, the General Statistics Office, the General Department of Taxation and tax authorities in some localities Along with that are projects, scientific research projects at many levels, the master's thesis in economics, scientific articles in country and abroad related to multinational companies, multinational corporate finance and transfer pricing Students have processed the information from these documents to achieve the following objectives:  To systematize the research results before the graduate thesis, find out the problems and problems, exist as well as point out the research gap that the graduate thesis needs to seek, thereby finding new points of the problem  Finding and collecting scientific bases as well as data from reliable sources serve as an objective basis for the formulation of arguments, demonstrations on both theoretical and practical perspectives  Present conclusions and research results of the thesis according to my own approach b) Analysis method The analytical method is used to analyze the data related to the problems of buying and selling financial and non-financial goods, products and services (internal transfer activities) of MNC's branches in Vietnam with the parent company as well as with the related parties In addition, the method is used in analyzing the forms and processes that a multinational company branch implements to carry out transfer pricing activities The thesis has analyzed some data to see the impact of transfer pricing in multinational company branches in Vietnam, focusing on eroding the tax base as well as causing the situation of loss of state budget revenue However, transfer pricing is a very sensitive issue, in addition to some publicly available information and data, many of the documents provided by the authorities are internal documents and have not been published, Some documents contain information that is considered as an asset owned by an enterprise with a limit of users, Some documents have a security nature at the present time, so in the process of using, students are asked not to publicly make clear the source and name of the business and the name of the multinational companies or the parties have an related relationship But I can confirm that the documents have clear origin, high reliability and are provided by competent authorities in accordance with the process; at the same time, I used and faithfully cited in the thesis c) Comparison method This method is used to compare the provisions of the legal system of Vietnam with the provisions of some international organizations such as the United Nations or OECD as well as some other countries on the direct investment policy, tax policy, internal transfer pricing methods as well as other related issues At the same time, the comparative method is also used to compare and analyze the changes in regulations on price transfer control in Vietnam through periods and analyzes to show the pros and cons of each regulation d) Case study analysis method Case study is a qualitative research method that is very suitable to my thesis as well as to the nature of the research data This method is used by me to analyze in some cases, typical cases of transfer pricing at multinational companies' branches in Vietnam as well as typical cases of controlling transfer pricing of some countries This method helps the thesis answer the question of how price transfer forms are taking place at multinational companies' branches in Vietnam as well as in the world; ways in which advanced countries as well as countries with conditions similar to Vietnam respond to transfer pricing activities At the same time, the case study method also allows me to select typical cases, typical transfer pricing questions as evidence for transfer pricing in multinational company branches in Vietnam e) Secondary data collection method Due to the nature of the data and research materials, I could not directly investigate the actual data but use the survey results (secondary data) of some authorities as well as specialist research teams The results of these surveys are used appropriately to increase the reliability of the thesis points Specifically, the thesis has used the research results: The survey results of the General Department of Taxation; Survey results of the Tax Department in some localities; Survey results of expert group from City University of Economics Ho Chi Minh, Statistical survey results of the General Statistics Office Scientific and practical significance of the thesis The research topic reflects the business situation of Truong Giang company, thereby considering factors affecting business activities The research results will be important market research information for managers at Truong Giang Company, helping the company to understand the financial situation of the company Managers can consider marketing planning and find appropriate directions in the future Research scope  In term of space: Nissan dealer system nationwide Focusing mainly on the market of Lao Cai province and vicinity provinces  In term of time: Research should focus mainly on the period between 2017 and 2019 Structure of the thesis Internship report included 03 chapters: Chapter 1: Overview of Truong Giang Trading and service limited company Chapter 2: The current situation of business performance in the company Chapter 3: Solution to enhance competitiveness of Truong Giang trading and service limited liability company CHAPTER 1: THE THEORETICAL BASIS 1.1 Overview about business activities 1.1.1 Definitions 1.1.1.1 Business An enterprise is an economic organization engaged in production and business activities, to provide products or services that satisfy the needs of the market and earn a certain profit for itself Through the concept of production and business activities, we can only see that it is only a basic economic category and the efficiency of production and business is an economic category expressing the focus of development in depth, It reflects the level of exploitation of resources and the level of cost of such resources in the reproduction process to achieve the business goals of the enterprise This is an important measure of economic growth and a basis for assessing the implementation of business goals of the enterprise in each period 1.1.1.2 Business activities To sustain one's life, the need for people to use products or services is varied and constantly changing If people produce products or create services that provide a market to make a profit, they are called business activities Note: Business activities must be activities legit business is very popular in the economy, it happens right around us, and even within your family For example, it produces and sells cars, motorbikes, food, pants shirts, books or building houses, roads, repairing televisions, fans 1.1.1.3 Efficiency Efficiency can be mentioned on many different aspects to consider If it is the goal, the economic effect is the difference between the results obtained and the costs spent to achieve that result And if in each aspect, economic efficiency is the expression of the level and ability to use the factors in the production and business process Efficiency is an integrated quality indicator reflecting the process of using elements in the manufacturing process In a market economy, businesses must compete fiercely in using resources to meet the increasing needs of society Enterprises operating in the market mechanism to win the competition must put economic efficiency first, so they must take advantage of exploitation and minimize resources The essence of improving the business efficiency of enterprises is corresponding to the improvement of social labor productivity and social labor savings That will bring business efficiency to the business If businesses with low, business efficiency will be excluded from the market, and businesses with high economic efficiency will exist and develop In a nutshell, production and business efficiency is the reflection of qualityquality in production and business activities, the level of leveraging the resources of the business 1.1.2 Factors impact to the enterprise It is common to classify factors affecting an enterprise's business activities into subjective and objective factors, subjective factors as factors belonging to the enterprise itself control or adjust it, the objective factors are factoring that businesses can not adjust and control 1.1.2.1 The objective factors Factors that cannot be controlled by the enterprise, constantly affect the business activities of the enterprise in different trends, creating both opportunities, and limiting the ability to realize the goals of the business Business operations require a regular understanding of these factors, their operating trends, and their impact on the overall business operation of the enterprise Objective factors are laws, culture, society, technology, technology, economics, natural conditions, infrastructure, and economic relations that are factors enterprises cannot control At the same time, it has a common impact on all businesses in the market Researching these factors, the enterprise is not aiming to control it according to its own opinion but to create the best adaptability to its advocacy trends 1.1.2.1.1 Political and legal factors: Factors in the political and legal environment have a strong impact on the formation and exploitation of business opportunities and the purpose of business operations Political stability is an important prerequisite for business activities, political change may have a beneficial effect on this group of businesses or inhibit the development of other businesses The complete legal system and the rigor in law enforcement will create a healthy competitive environment for businesses, avoid fraud, smuggling The level of political and legal stability of A country that allows businesses to assess the level of risk, the business environment and its impact on the business, so the study of political and legal factors is required It is indispensable when businesses participate in the market 1.1.2.1.2 Economical factors It is possible to create favorable conditions for penetrating to expand the market, this industry but limiting the development of other products Economic factors affecting purchasing power, changes in consumer demand or development trends of industries, and economic factors include: + Foreign trade activities: Opening and closing trends of the economy influencing business development opportunities, competitive conditions, the ability to use national advantages in technology and capital sources + Inflation and the ability to control inflation affect income and product accumulation, consumption, stimulation, or constraint of investment + Changes in economic structure affect the position, role, and development trend of economic sectors, leading to change in development direction + Speed of economic growth: Shows the general development trend of the economy related to the ability to expand or narrow the business size of each enterprise 1.1.2.1.3 Socio-cultural factors: Having great influence on customers as well as business activities of enterprises, which form the psychology and tastes of consumers Through this factor allows businesses to understand at different levels of the target audience so that they can choose the appropriate business methods Income influences the choice of product type and quality social and professional response affects the perspective and ways of behaving in the market, ethnic factors, a culture that reflects the views and ways of using the product, it just requires to meet the unique situation and create opportunities to diversify the ability to meet the needs of the business 1.1.2.1.4 Technical and technological factors: Affecting the requirements of technological innovation in equipment, the ability to produce products with high-quality Quality, Labor Productivity, Competitiveness, Selection, and Technology Supply 1.1.2.1.5 Natural conditions and infrastructure: Natural conditions such as climate and weather affect the production and business cycle in the region, or affect the goods storage and preservation activities For technical infrastructure, the conditions for production and business, on the one hand, create a basis for business facilitation when exploiting the existing infrastructure of the economy, on the other hand, it can also cause limiting the ability to invest, develop business especially with commercial enterprises in the process of transporting, preserving, distributing 1.1.2.1.6 Customer factors: 10 Receivables turnover Inventory turnover (time) Days of inventory on hands (day) Fixed assets turnover (time) Total assets turnover (Source: analysis team accumulated and calculated) Looking at the table above, Toyota turnover ratios was much higher than that of Nissan which was conversed trend with the ratio of days The receivable turnover ratio determines an entity's ability to collect money from its customers Total credit sales are divided by the average accounts receivable balance for a specific period This activity ratio calculates management's ability to receive cash Nissan Lao Cai has a low ratio suggests a deficiency in the collection process with 11.46 compared to 13.73 (Toyota) and 11.26 compared to 15.27 61 (Toyota) between 2017 and 2019 This is a gap difference between Nissan Lao Cai and Toyota Lao Cai ability to collect money Toyota company with a high ratio implies either strong sales or insufficient inventory But sometimes a low inventory turnover rate is a good thing, such as when prices are expected to rise (inventory pre-positioned to meet fast-rising demand) or when shortages are anticipated The speed at which BBC can sell inventory is a critical measure of business performance They move inventory out faster tend to outperform Unlike Toyota, Nissan was lower turnover which means they have longer an item is held, the higher its holding cost will be, and the fewer reason consumers will have to return to the shop for new items Less days of inventory on hand (DOH) of Toyota than Nissan in both years Toyota company has a smaller number indicates that Toyota is more efficiently and frequently selling off its inventory, which means rapid turnover leading to the potential for higher profits On the other hand, a large DOH value indicates that Nissan Lao Cai may be struggling with obsolete, high-volume inventory and may have invested too much into the same It is also possible that the company may be retaining high inventory levels to achieve high order fulfillment rates, such as in anticipation of bumper sales during an upcoming season Toyota Lao Cai has higher turnover ratio than Nissan Lao Cai which is indicative of greater efficiency in managing fixed-asset investments The higher the asset turnover ratio, the better the company is performing, since higher ratios imply that the Toyota Lao Cai is generating more revenue per VND of assets than Nissan Lao Cai in both years 62 2.4.1.3 Solvency ratio Debt - to assets Debt - to equity Interest coverage (Source: analysis team accumulated and calculated) Nissan Lao Cai with a high degree of leverage (more than 0.6) may thus find it more difficult to stay afloat during a recession than Toyota with low leverage Toyota Lao Cai with a low debt-to-equity ratio indicates a lower amount of financing by debt via lenders, versus funding through equity via shareholders A higher ratio indicates that Nissan Lao Cai is getting more of its financing by borrowing money, which subjects Nissan Lao Cai to potential risk if debt levels 63 are too high The more a company's operations rely on borrowed money, the greater the risk of bankruptcy, if the business hits hard times The interest coverage ratio measures how many times a company can cover its current interest payment with its available earnings In other words, it measures the margin of safety a company has for paying interest on its debt during a given period The interest coverage ratio is used to determine how easily a company can pay their interest expenses on outstanding debt The ratio is calculated by dividing a company's earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) by the company's interest expenses for the same period The lower the ratio, the more Nissan is burdened by debt expense By contrast, Toyota Lao Cai has higher interest coverage ratio, they not need to worry about debt expense 2.4.1.4 Profitability ratios Gross profit margin ROA ROE (Source: analysis team accumulated and calculated) Profitability ratios measure a company's ability to generate profits within a specified context 64 From 2017 to 2019, Toyota Lao Cai with a higher ratio than Nissan Lao Cai is usually preferred as this would indicate that the company is selling inventory for a higher profit Gross profit margin provides a general indication of a company's profitability, but it is not a precise measurement The ROA figure gives investors an idea of how effective the company is in converting the money it invests into net income Toyota with the higher the ROA number, the better, because the company is earning more money on less investment ROE is more than a measure of profit; it is a measure of efficiency Toyota with higher ROE suggests that company is higher its ability to generate profit without needing as much capital In other words, the higher the ROE the better Lower ROE like Nissan is usually a problem 65 CHAPTER 3: SOLUTION TO ENHANCE BUSINESS ACTIVITIES OF TRUONG GIANG TRADING AND SERVICE LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY 3.1 Evaluate the status of Nissan Lao Cai 1.3.1 3.1.2 Achievements Nissan Lao Cai is a well known brand in Lao Cai The company has achieved proud results that not all companies have achieved Over the past years, when the economy faces many difficulties, the company has made reasonable strategies to achieve good results in production and business Revenues over the last years have always grown positively, although the deduction of the sales still exists, but it represents only a very small proportion and is primarily the discount item for sale to customers Profit after tax also increased over time, demonstrating the company's reputation in the market Besides, there are effective management policies to attract a large number of customers The size of the company's capital grows from year to year, with a large part of the capital structure of equity In recent years, the company has actively implemented this policy, and this policy has proved quite successful As a result, the size of the company's assets also grew through the restaurant with the structure has not changed much, the short-term assets always represent a higher proportion of long-term assets for the commercial characteristics of the company Although only accounting for a small proportion, long-term assets are more valuable than current assets as the efficiency of use is maintained over the years, which contributes to the fact that the company's business and production activities are guaranteed The solvency ratios of the company are improving, the years the company is always able to pay debts with its short-term assets to ensure the financial security of the company 66 1.3.2 3.1.2 Limitations Like another brand in the world, Nissan faces many challenges The slowdown in the global economy has severely affected car sales, while the U.S.-China trade war has become a major risk to manufacturers New emission standards also provide for many car companies to struggle There is no good focus on market research, with the current size of the company, instead of focusing on car sales, the company can expand its business to other areas and thus contribute to improving business operations The efficiency of short-term asset use remains low, demonstrating that short-term asset growth is always higher than the rate of growth in income and profits, due to the sharp increase in two receivables and stock positions Although the increase in these two positions is consistent with the company's business characteristics, the Company must also have reasonable guidelines for these two items Although the efficiency of using long-term assets is better than short-term assets, the depreciation rate of long-term assets compared to the after-tax profits still increases The company should have solutions to make full use of its assets to improve business performance The inventory of the company is too large due to having to import enough quantities from the company quarterly and annually The automotive market is gradually saturated, in Lao Cai there are many competitors Expanding the market has an opportunity but also a challenge awareness about management and operation issues Nissan Lao Cai is currently in short supply human resources and talents Remuneration, recruit talent is still very limited In 2018, there was too much inventory, due to the sales team not yet completed the year target Partly due to the lack of staff and level Furthermore, the management apparatus has not made a clear regulation about the sanctions for employees The company has not yet promoted its marketing strategy in time 67 3.2 Direction to promote the efficiency of the business operation of Nissan Lao Cai 1.3.3 3.2.1 Develop investment strategies to use capital effectively The company does not have a good orientation to the market, the company can expand its business For example, trade in other automotive products This will help the company regulate its working capital more effectively Besides, the company may also refer to M&A's activities In the difficult times of today's economy, many companies are in poor working conditions due to a lack of capital Instead of investing or building a new facility, the company can operate M&A to save more on acquisition costs than building a new plant and doing business from scratch, which can help make capital more effective 1.3.4 3.2.2 Increase receivables from customers Through the analysis of the financial situation of the previous company, we have seen that the company's customer receivables account for a large proportion of short-term assets Commercial credits represent part of unchanging deferred payment sales Over time, when you buy and pay for a business you will receive money for previous sales If the customer does not pay the debt, the company will suffer bad debt losses However, if commercial credit is not implemented, the competitiveness of enterprises will be low, affecting economic efficiency Still knowing that to get the contract, the company must accept the late payment for the construction work, but the company also needs to specify the measures that will be applied when customers violate payment discipline to ensure that Filling clients will not affect the company's business operations 1.3.5 3.2.3 Credit analysis for customers This method requires accurate and transparent information about the customer Based on the financial statements submitted by the customers, companies can determine the stability, financial autonomy, and solvency of clients Based on the financial statements provided by clients, companies can determine the stability, 68 financial autonomy, and solvency of customers If feasible, give credit to the company Besides, the company needs to pay more attention to the items of other receivables, these items in 2018 and 2019 are 17,281,357, these are mostly personal loans and these loans are interest-based but interest-bearing The interest rate is very low, as people who have taken out loans are mainly connected to the company Therefore, the company must have clear rules on the duration of the loan before lending, and the measures will be applied if the payment is too slow At the same time, the company should reduce these loans as it carries many risks, which can easily lead to insolvency risk Besides, for loans that the company finds difficult to recover, or beyond the recovery period but which are still not recoverable Sell This reduces the risk of not reclaiming the capital acquired 1.3.6 3.2.4 Establish a debt recovery process Creating a single science cycle will help the company manage each debt accurately, recover the debt that is due immediately, and anticipate the risks of having the right management measures The first step in creating a recovery cycle and debt is to clearly divide the recovery time for each specific object, i.e divided into two groups: receivables and receivables overdue payment Then, for debts that are in the due date, the entity should then detail the planned loan opening and redemption period on the basis of the credit agreement signed between the two parties Once fully recorded and regularly monitored, the company can actively organize, prepare relevant documents, documents, and check before the debt reaches the payment The preparation time may be within days As for overdue debts, depending on the overdue time to apply management measures 69 In addition to debt recovery efforts, the company also needs specific and clear policies to punish customers for overdue payments based on the amount of debt, overdue time The company can rely on banks' capital mobilizing interest rates as a measure to determine the number of fines for each specific contract In short, in order to effectively manage the accounts receivable, the company needs to determine the actual financial capacity of its customers in order to anticipate possible risks, thereby offering price, discount rate discount suitable for each customer The company needs to create a strict debt management cycle, clearly defining the time of each debt to have an appropriate plan The company needs to pay special attention to first-time customers to open credit in order to promptly handle if a bad situation occurs 1.3.7 3.2.5 Improve the quality of the contingent of officials and employees People are the most important factor in the success of any company To be successful, the company needs to improve the quality of its staff Specifically: - Paying attention to the recruitment process to achieve a professional workforce suitable for production activities as well as corporate governance - Improving the quality of existing labor by opening training courses for civil servants and staff to encourage them to develop skills to acquire new knowledge - Paying attention to the lives of civil servants and employees and help to have the best working environment 1.3.8 3.2.6 Marketing solutions Marketing is a very important activity for any company Marketing not only helps companies find and expand the market but also helps businesses know the needs of customers as well as help businesses in the consumption of products 70 Therefore, to improve the efficiency of production and business, the commercialization of companies cannot be ignored Increasing to meet the needs of more diverse products to help the company can penetrate more quickly and easily into the Lao Cai market as well as the North Development orientation and customer base to provide appropriate policies Promote sales by improving the quality of marketing Firstly, to improve Marketing quality, businesses need to have a clear and appropriate advertising and acquisition policy Strengthening communication programs, promoting the brand to all customers Organization of events Improve the quality of service to customer satisfaction to customer satisfaction thereby attracting new customers and keeping customers for businesses 3.3 Recommendations Through the above analysis, it can be clear that Truong Giang trading and service limited liability company can preserve but must meet the following factors: resources, context Enterprise resources are understood as the ability to provide the necessary factors for the process of existence and development of enterprises The main resources of the business are tangible and invisible Tangible resources are the assets of an enterprise that can be seen and quantified, including cash, factory, equipment, human resources, and office - Human resources play a vital role in business Enterprises possessing good human resources, professional qualifications will be able to think and expand relationships At the same time, this human resource also shortens training time and initial investment costs With a production line, trained workers will contribute to smoother operations, helping to improve productivity and product quality From other sides of the coin, talents in Lao Cai are rarely because they 71 have migrated to a place that crowded and developed Therefore, finding talent in Lao Cai province is quite difficult - Nissan Lao Cai is currently in a downward trend in cash as analyzed above, the company is borrowing from many different banks Furthermore, the company is currently making a major profit from the auto repair shop, however, in some days the situation is crowded, the repair workshop has not met all customer needs Moreover, the repair shop for Nissan cars is mainly, so the spare parts of other brands are limited - Equipment and office at Nissan Lao Cai ensures its standards - Context: In the context of global difficulties before the raging of the COVID 19 pandemics, the business community (DN) of Vietnam also suffered extremely negative and heavy impacts Enterprise forces are considered as the lifeblood of the economy, currently suffering great losses by disease Enterprises in industries directly affected such as tourism, aviation, tourism logistics, restaurants, hotels, education, etc fell into a "hibernation" state during the past months In the context of epidemics, enterprises must face "double difficulties", which are both short of input materials and sharply reducing the output markets for goods and export, especially the deeply engaged sectors production networks, global value chains such as textiles, footwear, electronics, phones According to a survey of nearly 130,000 enterprises conducted by the General Statistics Office (Ministry of Planning and Investment) at the end of April, about 86% of enterprises were negatively affected by COVID - 19 (currently accounting for 2.8% of the total number of enterprises) has the highest proportion of enterprises with 92.8%; followed by the medium enterprises (91.1%) and small (89.7%) This rate in the group of micro-enterprises (currently 72 accounting for 62.6% of all enterprises) is the lowest with 82.1% The revenue of the first quarter of 2020 of businesses decreased sharply to 74.1% over the same period last year and it is expected that the first months of 2020 will continue to decline to nearly 70% in the same period of 2019 These things mainly affect the company because when the economy is down, people in Lao Cai will also have difficulties in the economy and consider buying cars will be more irritable during this period In conclusion, the company should go bankrupt and invest in another company or change its form of business At the moment, the company can invest in key industries in the market such as food and medicine 73 CONCLUSION With the current trend of integration into the world economy, competition among companies is even more fierce Therefore, financial issues are always the main concern of executives as well as investors, how to make your business work effectively and control the financial situation well From here the analysis of the financial situation will give the administrator a comprehensive view of the company's operations, identifying the weaknesses that the company is suffering so that it can provide a solution as the most appropriate operating plan for your company On the other hand, for investors and creditors, this is a valuable source of information directly affecting investment decisions Not beyond this purpose, analyzing the financial situation of the company, it shows us a part of the company's current performance In general, in the past years, the company's performance in recent years has been quite good, which is reflected in the increased revenue However, in addition to the successes, the company has many limitations, such as the performance of short-term assets is still low, Therefore, in the coming years, the company will focus on addressing these weaknesses to improve more business efficiency and reputation so that the company can stand and develop in the future Being able to apply theory to practice is a process of accumulation and experience Due to limited knowledge and time, this practice report cannot prevent deficiencies We look forward to feedback from teachers to improve my writing and have enough scientific reasons to support the upcoming work Once again, I would like to thank my Supervisor Pham My Hang Phuong for guiding me to complete this internship report in the best way 74 ... economic contracts to buy and sell goods and services 2.1.3.3 Deputy Director The function of the Deputy Director is to help the Director manage and operate the activities of the company and business... Unappropriated profits Total liabilities and equity 30 ( Source: Financial report Truong Giang trading and service limited company) The company' s assets are the result of the process of allocating... business performance in the company Chapter 3: Solution to enhance competitiveness of Truong Giang trading and service limited liability company CHAPTER 1: THE THEORETICAL BASIS 1.1 Overview about