De thi dai hoc nam 2016 lan 1 mon hoc hoc cua Nhat Ban De thi dai hoc nam 2016 lan 1 mon hoc hoc cua Nhat Ban De thi dai hoc nam 2016 lan 1 mon hoc hoc cua Nhat Ban De thi dai hoc nam 2016 lan 1 mon hoc hoc cua Nhat Ban De thi dai hoc nam 2016 lan 1 mon hoc hoc cua Nhat Ban vv
(liter) L 0◦ C 1.01 × 105 Pa (= 1.00 atm) (standard state) (ideal gas) (molar volume) 22.4 L/mol R = 8.31 × 103 Pa·L/(K·mol) (gas constant) (Avogadro constant) NA = 6.02 × 1023 /mol (Faraday constant) F = 9.65 × 104 C/mol (atomic weight) H 1.0 (group) C 12 (period) H O 16 S 32 (periodic table) (electron) (total number) NH3 Ne HCl CH4 H2O (polarity) HCl (linear) H2S CO2 NH3 CCl4 (bent) (trigonal pyramidal) (tetrahedral) M MO 1.0g MSO4 2.0g 48 64 M 80 (density)d 96 (metal crystal) 112 2cm (cube) NA 8dNA M dNA 8M 8dM NA (mass percent concentration)38% d 8M NA 8dM NA dil.H2SO4 mol/L (density) 1.29g/cm3 mol/L 0.49 2.9 3.8 5.0 6.8 (chemical reaction)(a) (d) Lowry theory) (Bronsted- (acid) CH3COO– + H3O+ ( a ) CH3COOH + H2O (b) Na + H2O ( c ) NH3 + H2O Na+ + OH– + H2 NH4+ + OH– (d) CO32– + H2O– a b HCO3– + OH– a c 27◦ C 1.0 × 105 Pa a d b c b d 127◦ C 2.0L c d 2.0 × 105 Pa L L 0.21 0.38 0.75 1.3 2.7 4.7 C6H12O6 14.4g 100g (freezing point) ◦ C (molar depression of freezing point) 1.85K·kg/mol −1.48 −1.29 H2 1.00mol −0.148 −0.0169 Cl2 1.00mol ◦ C −0.0148 HCl H2 Cl2 HCl kJ (bond energy) 436kJ/mol 243kJ/mol 432kJ/m kJ 56 94 136 185 226 380 10 (graphite electrode) C O2 (anode) (cathode) (electrolysis) H2 10 dil.HCl dil.H2SO4 KI aq NaCl aq 11 5.0mL 0.10mol/L (II) Pb(CH3COO)2aq dil.H2SO4 0.050mol/L V (white precipitate) mL n mol 11 12 A B C (a) (c) A B C 12 (a) A (b) B (c) C (platinum wire) (reddish purpie) AgNO3 aq Ca(OH)2 aq (complete combustion) A B C K Cl C K I C K Cl H Na I H Na Cl H Na I C (white precipitate) 13 (a) (f) (acidic oxide) 13 ( a ) Al2O3 (b) CaO a b ( c ) CO2 a c 14 (d) K2O ( e ) MgO c f d e b d Ca a ( f ) P4O10 e f d (chemical formula) 14 a (room temperature) (earth’s crust) c CO2 a ) (limestone) (alkali metal) d b c d H2 CaCO3 Ca(OH)2 O2 CaO Ca(OH)2 O2 CaCO3 Ca(HCO3)2 O2 CaO Ca(HCO3)2 H2 CaCO3 Ca(HCO3)2 H2 CaO Ca(OH)2 (alkaline earth metal) b c 15 (metal ion) H2S (acidic) (sulfide) (precipitate) 15 Ag+ Pb2+ 2+ Fe 16 Na Al3+ Ba2+ + + K (a) (e) Zn Ca2+ Cu2+ 2+ O (double bond) 16 (a) (acetic acid) (b) (acetone) (c) (dimethyl ether) (d) (ethene(ethylene)) (e) (vinyl chloride) a b a d b c b d 10 c e d e 17 (molecular formula) C6H14 (structural isomer) 17 18 1.0g C17H31COOH ( (molecular weight)280) C17H35COOH H2 (hydrogenation) mL 18 mL 50 80 100 11 160 200 19 (benzene sulfonic acid) (phenyl acetate) (reagent) A B 19 O SO3 H ONa A B CO2 (CH3)2CO CO2 (CH3CO)2O HCl (CH3)2CO HCl CH3OH NaOH (CH3CO)2O O C CH3 OH A, H2 O NaOH (fusion) 12 B 20 20 (polyethylene) polymerizatlon) ( )(ethene(ethylene)) (polymer) (poly(ethylene terephthalate)) 66 (6,6- (condensation )(nylon6,6) (starch) (ether bond) (fructose) (protein) (amide bond) (amino acid) (raw rubber(natural rubber)) (cross-linked structure) 13 (dehydration condensation) (addition polymerization) (sulfur) ... chloride) a b a d b c b d 10 c e d e 17 (molecular formula) C6H14 (structural isomer) 17 18 1. 0g C17H31COOH ( (molecular weight)280) C17H35COOH H2 (hydrogenation) mL 18 mL 50 80 10 0 11 16 0 200 19 ... 1. 0 × 10 5 Pa a d b c b d 12 7◦ C 2.0L c d 2.0 × 10 5 Pa L L 0. 21 0.38 0.75 1. 3 2.7 4.7 C6H12O6 14 .4g 10 0g (freezing point) ◦ C (molar depression of freezing point) 1. 85K·kg/mol ? ?1. 48 ? ?1. 29 H2 1. 00mol... −0 .14 8 −0. 016 9 Cl2 1. 00mol ◦ C −0. 014 8 HCl H2 Cl2 HCl kJ (bond energy) 436kJ/mol 243kJ/mol 432kJ/m kJ 56 94 13 6 18 5 226 380 10 (graphite electrode) C O2 (anode) (cathode) (electrolysis) H2 10