An investigation of stylistic devices in “the great gatsby” of francis scott key fitzgerald a

THE UNIVERSITY OF DANANG UNIVERSITY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDIES LÊ THỊ THÚY KIỀU AN INVESTIGATION OF STYLISTIC DEVICES IN “THE GREAT GATSBY” OF FRANCIS SCOTT KEY FITZGERALD AND ITS VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION Major : ENGLISH LINGUISTICS Code : 822.02.01 MASTER THESIS IN LINGUISTICS AND CULTURAL STUDIES OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES SUPERVISORS: NGUYỄN THỊ THU HƯỚNG, Ph.D Da Nang, 2020 THE UNIVERSITY OF DANANG UNIVERSITY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDIES LÊ THỊ THÚY KIỀU AN INVESTIGATION OF STYLISTIC DEVICES IN “THE GREAT GATSBY” OF FRANCIS SCOTT KEY FITZGERALD AND ITS VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION Major : ENGLISH LINGUISTICS Code : 822.02.01 MASTER THESIS IN LINGUISTICS AND CULTURAL STUDIES OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES SUPERVISORS: NGUYỄN THỊ THU HƯỚNG, Ph.D Da Nang, 2020 ABSTRACT Stylistic devices are one of popular tools in literature works English literature, a useful source for English learners not only helps learners to understand the beauty of English language and stylistic devices but also improves their written language with regard to stylistic features The thesis aims to make an objective analysis of stylistic devices in the famous novel - The Great Gatsby by Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald The study results show not only the use of stylistic devices in 200 samples but also similarities and differences in the original and translational versions of The Great Gatsby In terms of the plot of the novel, the translator conveyed the plot to the reader despite language barrier, cultural differences and writing styles Moreover, the study provides implications regarding teaching and learning strategies involving stylistic devices ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Throughout the writing of this thesis, I have received a great deal of support and assistance First and foremost, I would like to express my endless thanks and gratefulness to my supervisor Nguyen Thi Thu Huong, Ph.D for encouraging and guiding me throughout the research journey Their constant encouragement and insightful comments had enriched and improved my work Without their motivation and instructions, my thesis would have been incompleted Next, I would like to express my gratitude and appreciation to the English Language Faculty, the University of Foreign Language Studies, and all teachers who taught me during the master course They created a friendly and professional environment and provided me a huge source of knowledge for my study Finally, I would like to express a very special thank and deep gratitude to my family for their encouragement and support so that I could work harder and try my best to finish this thesis STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP Apart from where reference is made in the text of the thesis, this thesis does not include materials published elsewhere, or in part from a thesis by which I have qualified for or been awarded another degree or diploma No other person's work has been used without any acknowledgement in the thesis The thesis has not been submitted for the award of any degree or diploma in any other tertiary institution Danang, May, 2020 Le Thi Thuy Kieu TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract i Acknowledgements ii Statement Of Authorship iii Table Of Contents iv List Of Tables vii List Of Figures vii Chapter One INTRODUCTION 1.1 RATIONALE 1.2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES 1.2.1 Aims 1.2.2 Objectives 1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 1.6 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY Chapter Two LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL BACKGROUND .5 2.1 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 2.1.1 Language and culture 2.1.2 Stylistics and Stylistic devices .7 2.1.3 Functions of Stylistic devices 2.1.4 Simile 2.1.5 Personification .10 2.1.6 Repetition 10 2.1.7 Metaphor .11 2.1.8 Hyperbole (exaggeration) 11 2.1.9 Parallelism 12 2.1.10 Translation and translation methods 13 2.1.11 Novel 18 2.2 LITERATURE REVIEW 18 Chapter Three RESEARCH METHODS 22 3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN .22 3.2 DATA COLLECTION .22 3.3 PROCEDURE 24 3.4 DATA ANALYSIS 25 3.5 RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY 25 3.6 SUMMARY .26 Chapter Four FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS .27 4.1 KINDS OF STYLISTIC DEVICES USED AND THEIR FREQUENCES IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE VERSIONS OF THE NOVEL “THE GREAT GATSBY” 27 4.1.1 Simile 28 4.1.2 Personification 31 4.1.3 Metaphor 34 4.1.4 Repetition 39 4.1.5 Hyperbole 40 4.1.6 Parallelism 41 4.2 SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES OF STYLISTIC DEVICES USED IN VIETNAMESE AND ENGLISH VERSIONS OF THE GREAT GATSBY 44 Chapter Five CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS 49 5.1 CONCLUSIONS 49 5.2 IMPLICATIONS 50 5.2.1 For learning of English .50 5.2.2 For Teaching of English .51 5.3 LIMITATIONS 51 5.4 SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH .51 REFERENCES .53 QUYẾT ĐỊNH GIAO ĐỀ TÀI (Bản sao) APPENDICES LIST OF TABLES Name of Table Page Number 4.1 The frequencies of using stylistic devices between English 46 and Vietnamese versions LIST OF FIGURES Number Name of Figure Frequencies of stylistic devices used in english version of the 28 great gatsby 4.1 Page differences in expressing the plot of The Great Gatsby Chapter Five CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS This concluding chapter consists of three sections 5.1 Main findings of this study 5.2 Implications 5.2.1 To Teachers 5.2.2 To Students 5.2.3 The researchers 5.3 Limitations of the Study 5.4 Suggestions for Further Research 5.1 CONCLUSIONS This paper, explored how stylistic devices are used and their effects by investigating two hundred English and Vietnamese samples containing stylistic devices in The Great Gatsby by Fitzgeral The study investigates English and Vietnamese stylistic devices in The Great Gatsby in the light of contrastive linguistics in order to find out similarities and differences in using stylistic devices between two languages Qualitative and quantitative analysis procedures helped identify, describe stylistic devices used in the novels and explored how stylistic devices are realized in the Vietnamese version The results show different frequencies and specific features and functions of stylistic devices in both English and Vietnamese versions In The Great Gatsby, the author was found to use a variety of stylistic devices, namely metaphor, hyperbole, repetition, personification, simile, parallelism to attract the attention and create the appeal of sentences and arouse reader's interest in the plot and characters in the novel Moreover, the author often used stylistic devices because he hoped that the readers could have an insight into the current social trend which class influences all aspects of life, and especially love and a notion of freedom ensures all Americans the possibility of upward social mobility as long as they work for it through the interesting love story of the main character - Gatsby As a result, studying on stylistic devices plays an important role in conveying the message of the author to the readers Simile, personification, metaphors are some of the most frequently used stylistic devices in The Great Gatsby in both two versions (25%, 19%, 16% respectively) Among them, simile ranked first and appeared in most of the chapters and situations in the story (25%) Stylistic devices are mixed in many contexts of the story and the frequency of stylistic devices used in Vietnamese and English version is different and unequal Particularly, the author of the Vietnamese version used more stylistic devices than the original version The percentage of using stylistic devices such as simile, hyperbole, personification, repetition and parallelism increase dramatically, respectively from 25%, 19%, 14 %, 13% to 27,5%, 20,5%, 15%, 13,5% The translator of the Vietnamese version used more stylistic devices than the original version, which shows the flexibility of the author in using stylistic devices to allow the reader to easily understand and cohesively convey the main content of the original Great Gatsby in English The styles of writing of the translator and Fitzgeral are different in many aspects To Fitzgeral, he uses a lyrical writing style in The Great Gatsby Lyrical writing which uses beautiful and imaginative images helps to capture the emotion of the characters in the story exactly through the point-of-view of the character Nick Carraway during his summer living on Long Island and working in New York City Fitzgerald's lyrical writing raises the reader's sympathy for Gatsby Phong cách dịch 5.2 IMPLICATIONS This thesis would make some helpful contribution not only to teaching and learning English stylistic devices in general and of stylistic devices in The Great Gatsby in particular Moreover, it also provides learners with some useful techniques in writing Basing on the results of the study, the researcher would like to put forward the number of implications 5.2.1 For learning of English In general, stylistic devices are considered to be one of the most different aspects of any languages Therefore, for students of English, the way of mastering the knowledge about stylistic devices and then applying them in speaking or writing is a big question From the findings of this paper, it is hoped that students would pick up some essential information for the study of stylistic devices Moreover, thanks to the rhetorical effects of stylistic devices described in this study, students learning English would find it more interesting and easy to study and research stylistic devices Besides, the findings of the study will help them appreciate the beauty of language in the novel It will allow them to have a better understanding of the language in the novel and provide them with some necessary strategies and techniques in writing I also hope that this study will support learners with precious experience of how to write and translate a novel As a result, their experience will certainly equip them well in their English language learning so that they will be able to learn more effectively and successfully 5.2.2 For Teaching of English How to find out the most effective method for English teachers to help their students to master stylistic devices is still a huge concern at the moment This study would give a recommendation on teaching stylistic devices through sentences using stylistic devices in the novel By doing in that way, teachers not only inspire their students with the help of interesting ideas in the novel but also bring the students clear examples of the useful way to use stylistic devices Also, the teacher should encourage his students to use stylistic devices in writing their compositions or in translating a novel, etc As a teacher of English as a foreign language, I have noticed that teaching English stylistic devices through the novel can interest learners 5.3 LIMITATIONS Although it has been given much effort, the study is without limitations due to the ability of the researcher as well as the inadequacy of materials 5.4 SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH This thesis is an attempt to make a detailed analysis of using stylistic devices in the English and Vietnamese Great Gatsby novel What's more, much of our effort has been made to show how the stylistic devices were used by the authors and their functions However, within the limitation of time and materials, the study is by no means complete and still remains some other aspects awaiting research which merit further studies, including: - An investigation into using stylistic devices in describing characters in the English and Vietnamese versions of The Great Gatsby - An investigation into using stylistic devices with satirical purposes in English and Vietnamese versions of The Great Gatsby REFERENCES Amare, A (2002) Some selected poems in English by Ethiopian poets: a stylistic analysis, Addis Ababa: AAU Libraries Cuddon, J A (2013) A dictionary of literary terms and literary theory West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell Chapman, S., & Clark, B (2014) Pragmatic literary Stylistics UK : Palgrave Macmillan Diribu, A (2012) Stylistic analysis of selected short stories of Edgar Allan Poe Addis Ababa, AAU Libraries Hurtubise, P G (1998) A stylistic analysis of selected passages in hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, Canada: Library of New York Hough, G (1969) Style and Stylistics London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Leech, G.N (1969) A Linguistic guide to English poetry London: Longman Paxson, J.J (1994) The poetics and personification, UK: Cambridge University Press Peeter T (2009) Lotman, Juri, Culture and Explosion, German Publisher Simpson, P (2004) Stylistics: a resource book for students, London: Rutledge Wales, K (2014) A dictionary of stylistics London: Routledge Wright, L., & Hope, J (1996) Stylistics: A practical coursebook London: Routledge Widdowson, H G (1975) Stylistics and the teaching of literature, London: Oxford University Press ĐẠI HỌC ĐÀ NẢNG CỘNG HÒA XÀ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT NAM QUYẾT ĐỊNH việc giao đề tài trách nhiệm người hướng dẩn luận văn thạc sĩ HIỆU TRƯỞNG TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC NGOẠI NGỮ Căn Nghị định số 32/CP ngày 04 tháng năm 1994 Chính phủ việc thành lập Đại học Đà Năng; t Cãn cử Quyết định số 709/QĐ - TTg ngày 26 tháng năm 2002 Chính phủ vê việc thành lập Trường Đại học Ngoại Ngữ, thuộc Đại học Đà Năng; Căn Thông tư số 08/2014/TT-BGDĐT ngày 20 tháng năm 2014 Bộ trưởng Bộ Giáo dục Đào tạo việc ban hành Quy chế tổ chức hoạt động Đại học vùng sở giáo dục đại học thành viên; Căn Thông tư sổ 15/2014/TT-BGDĐT ngày 15 tháng năm 2014 Bộ trưởng Bộ Giáo dục Đào tạo việc ban hành Quy chế tạo trình độ thạc sĩ; Căn Quy định nhiệm vụ, quyền hạn Đại học Đà Năng, sở giáo dục đại học thành viên đơn vị trực thuộc ban hành kènt theo Quyêt định sô 6950/QĐ- ĐHĐN ngày 01 tháng 12 nẫm 2014 Giám đốc Đại học Đà Năng; Căn Quyết định số 975/QĐ-ĐHNN ngày 04 tháng 11 năm 2016 Hiệu trưởng Trường Đại học Ngoại ngữ - Đại học Đà Nang việc ban hành Quy định Đào tạo trình độ thạc sĩ; Căn Biên họp hội đồng bào vệ đề cương chi tiết luận vãn tốt nghiệp thạc sĩ chuyên ngành Ngơn ngữ Anh khóa 36 ngày 17/7/2019; Theo đề nghị cùa Trưởng phòng Phòng Đào tạo, QUYẾT ĐỊNH: Điều Giao cho học viên cao học Lê Thị Thúy Kiều, lóp KS6.NNA.ĐN, chun ngành Ngơn ngữ Anh, thực đề tài luận văn “An Investigation of Stylistic Devices in "The Great Gatsby" by Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald audits Vietnamese Translation”, hướng dẫn cùa TS Nguyễn Thị Thu Hưởng, Trường Đại học Ngoại ngữ - Đại học Đà Nang Điều Học viên cao học người hướng dẫn có tên Điều hưởng quyên lợi thực nhiệm vụ theo Quy chế đào tạo trình độ thạc sĩ Bộ Giáo dục Đào tạo ban hành Quy định đào tạo trinh độ thạc sĩ Trường Đại học Ngoại ngữ - Đại học Đà Năng Điêu Thủ trưởng đơn vị liên quan Trường Đại học Ngoại ngữ - Đại học Đà Nang, người hướng dẫn luận văn học viên có tên Điều Quyết định thi hành./ ' Nơi nhận: - Hiệu trưởng (đề b/c); -Như điều 3; - Lưu: VT, P.ĐT APPENDICES The Great Gatsby F Scott Fitzgerald Vietnamese translational version Gatsby vĩ đại Hoang Cuong NUMBER THE GREAT GATSBY GATSBY VĨ ĐẠI “I stared at it, like Kant at his Như Kant ngắm tháp church steeple, for half an chng nhà thờ mình, tơi hour” [p.93] ngắm tòa nhà nửa đồng hồ [p.93] I was a bridesmaid I came into Em vào phòng Daisy trước tiệc her room half an hour before the cưới nửa giờ, thấy nàng bridal dinner, and found her nằm dài gường đẹp lying on her bed as lovely as the đêm tháng Sáu June night in her flowered áo dài hoa ”[p.75] dress —and as drunk as a monkey She had a bottle of Sauterne in one hand and a letter in the other [p.75] Tom tapped his thick fingers Tom chum ngón tay trùng together like a clergyman and trục vào kẻ tu leaned back in his chair [p hành ngả người vào 140] ghế [p.140] Gatsby's gorgeous car lurched Chiếc xe lộng lẫy Gatsby lắc up the rocky drive to my door lư lăn bánh lối gồ ghề sỏi and gave out a burst of melody đá dẫn đến cửa nhà thả from its three noted horn [p.63] nét du dương từ cịi ba nốt [p.63] Only wind in the trees which Chỉ có gió thổi xào xạc blew the wires and made the đu đưa sợi dây lights go off and on again as if điện làm cho ánh đèn lấp lóe the house thể toàn had winked into the darkness nhà nhấp nháy mắt với bóng [p.88] The đêm [p.88] city seen from the Người ta cảm thấy Queensbury Bridge is always the trông thấy thành phố New city seen for the first time, in its York lần đầu với lời hứa hẹn first wild promise of all the ngơng cuồng mystery and the beauty in the tất điều kì diệu mỹ world [p.35] lệ giới [p.37] The dead dream fought on as the Duy giấc mơ tan vỡ afternoon slipped away, trying cố bám níu buổi to touch what was no longer chiều trôi đi, cố đụng tangible, struggling unhappily, chạm đến khơng cịn undespairingly, toward that lost hữu hình nữa, cố sức cách voice across the room [p.142] khổ sở khơng nản lịng vươn tới giọng nói tan chìm đằng gian phòng [p.144] The truth was that Jay Gatsby, of Sự thực anh chàng Jay Gatsby West Egg, Long Island, sprang West Egg, Long Island, sản from his Platonic conception of phẩm quan niệm lí tưởng himself He was a son of God— túy anh sinh a phrase which, if it means Anh đứa anything, means just that—and Chúa trời - theo nghĩa he must be about His Father's câu nói câu nói có business, the service of a vast, ý nghĩa - nên anh phải chăm lo vulgar, and meretricious beauty đến công việc Chúa cha: So he invented just the sort of phụng đẹp bao la, tầm Jay thường Gatsby that a seventeen-year-old hào nhống Vì anh boy would be likely to invent, tưởng tượng Jay Gatsby, and to this conception he was loại nười mà đứa trẻ mười faithful to the end” [p.105] bảy tuổi nghĩ anh trung thành với khái niệm cùng” [ p 71] 10 Her voice is full of money,' he Giọng nàng chứa đầy said suddenly [p.128] tiền bạc [p 128] : Tom was evidently perturbed at Tom rõ ràng lo ngại trước việc Daisy's running around alone, Daisy chơi mình, tối for on the following Saturday thứ bảy liền sau đấy, Tom night he came with her to nàng đế dự buổi hội his nhà Gatsby Có lẽ có mặt presence gave the evening its Tom làm cho vui mang peculiar quality of khơng khí ngột ngạt đặc biệt hay oppressiveness it stands out in mà kí ức tơi khác Gatsby's party Perhaps my memory from Gatsby's other hẳn buổi hội khác parties that summer There were nhà Gatsby mùa hè năm Vẫn the same people, or at least the khách khứa ấy, hay same sort of people, the same loại khách ấy, ê profusion of champagne, the sâm banh, ồn náo same many-colored, many-keyed nhiệt nhiều màu sắc, nhiều cung an bậc âm cảm unpleasantness in the air, a thấy khơng khí có pervading harshness that hadn't căng thẳng gay gắt trước commotion, but I felt been there before Or perhaps I khơng có Hay có lẽ tơi đâm quen với rồi, quen với việc coi had merely grown used to it, West Egg grown to accept West Egg as a giới tự với phép tắc world complete in itself, with its riêng nó, tên tuổi lớn own standards and its own great nó, không thua nơi figures, second to nothing nà khác khơng cảm thấy because it had no consciousness thua kém, of being so, and now I was nhìn o lại mắt looking at it again, through Daisy Không tài tránh khỏi Daisy's eyes It is invariably đau buồn ta nhìn cặp saddening to look through new mắt mà ta bỏ eyes at things upon which you công sức điều chỉnh have expended your own powers vào [ p104] of adjustment [p.112] 11 ‘And Mr Thomas Buchanan, Còn the athlete?' I inquired [ p.123] 12 ‘What day would suit you? nhà lực Hôm tiện cho anh? Hôm [p.145] tiện cho anh? [p.140] I can’t talk now I can’t talk Tơi khơng nói chuyện bây now [100] [p.98] I can’t talk now I can’t talk now [100] 14 Thomas Buchanan đâu? [p.123] ‘What day would suit YOU?' 13 sĩ Daisy: “I’m Tơi khơng nói chuyện [p.98] paralyzed happiness” [p.62] with Daisy: “Tôi tê liệt hạnh phúc” [p.60] 15 : He dismissed all the dances he Gatsby dẹp tất buổi had given with a snap of his khiêu vũ mà anh tổ chức bật tay [p.117] fingers [p.117] 16 Daisy admired this aspect or Daisy khen ngợi vẻ đẹp tòa that of the feudal silhouette kiến trúc đồ sộ lâu đài against the sky, admired the lãnh chúa trời, khen ngợi vẻ đẹp khu vườn, gardens [p.96] [P.95] 17 The largest of the banners and : Lá cờ to hàng cờ the largest of the lawns bãi cỏ to tất bãi belonged to Daisy Fay's house cỏ nhà Daisy Fay [p.80] 18 [P.80] The largest of the banners and Lá cờ to hàng cờ the largest of the lawns bãi cỏ to tất bãi belonged to Daisy Fay's house cỏ nhà Daisy Fay [p.80] 19 [P.80] I was immediately struck by the Tôi lậP tức kinh ngạc number of young English men thấy đông niên Anh dotted about; all well dressed, đến đám khách khứa, all looking a little hungry and họ ăn mặc lịch sự, có all taking in low earnest voice vẻ đói ăn nhau, nói to solid and prosperous chuyện sơi nho nhỏ với Americans [p.54] người Mỹ vẻ nịch làm ăn phát đạt [p.51] 20 Instead of being the warm Miền Trung Tây khơng cị center of the world, the Middle trung tâm ấm áP giới West now ragged edge seemed like the nữa, mà tơi thấy riềm of the universe - so I decided to go East and learn the bond rách nát vũ trụ Bởi vậy, tơi business” [p.5] giao dịch chứng khốn [ p.2] 21 They were gone, without định New York học nghề Hai người đi, không a word, snapped out, made nói lời, bị tan vào accident, isolated, like ghosts không trung, bị biến thành trơ even from our pity [144] trọi, vật vờ bóng ma, tình thương chúng tơi [p.139] 22 English: Forms leaned Trong tắc xi together in the taxis as they chờ đợi có bóng waited, and voice sang and người ngả vào nhau, there was unheard cigarettes laughter joke and from tiếng hát tiếng cười sau lighted câu pha trò nghe không rõ, outlined đốm lửa đầu điếu unintelligible gestures inside thuốc vẽ thành đường [p.63] trịn khó hiểu [p.58] ... OF DANANG UNIVERSITY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDIES LÊ THỊ THÚY KIỀU AN INVESTIGATION OF STYLISTIC DEVICES IN “THE GREAT GATSBY” OF FRANCIS SCOTT KEY FITZGERALD AND ITS VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION Major... characters For example, Tom's eyes are 'arrogant' and 'establish dominance over his face.' In reality, arrogance is a human quality and eyes are physically incapable of establishing dominance Fitzgerald. .. was more than love — I and my Annabel Lee ” Annabel Lee (By Edgar Allan Poe) Edgar Allan Poe is using the refraining line ? ?In a kingdom by the sea.” This appears in the second line of each stanza,