Definition of a morpheme:1 it is a word or apart of a word that has meaning.2 it cannot be divided into smaller meaningful parts without violation of its meaning or without meaningless remainders.3 it recurs in differing verbal environments with a relatively stable meaning.First, we recognize it as a word and can find it listed as such in any dictionary. Second, it cant be divided without violation of meaning. For example, we can, by dividing straight stret, get the smaller meaningful forms of traittret,rateret,and ateet,but the meanings of these violate the meaning of straight. Furthermore, when we divide it in these ways we get the meaningless remainders of s,st,and str. Third, straight recurs with a relatively stable meaning in such environments as straightedge, straighten, and a straight line.
20 : S.R االصتبذ :أبى يبرا ج0119519500 : 0119519500 : أبى يبرا ج: م االصتبذ5051 - هـ5341 للعبمLANE 333 A, Definition of Morpheme 1- it is a word or apart of a word that has meaning 2- it cannot be divided into smaller meaningful parts without violation of its meaning or without meaningless remainders 3- it recurs in differing verbal environments with a relatively stable meaning First, we recognize it as a word and can find it listed as such in any dictionary Second, it can't be divided without violation of meaning For example, we can, by dividing straight / stret/, get the smaller meaningful forms of trait/tret/,rate/ret/,and ate/et/,but the meanings of these violate the meaning of straight Furthermore, when we divide it in these ways we get the meaningless remainders of / s-/,/st-/,and /str-/ Third, straight recurs with a relatively stable meaning in such environments as straightedge, straighten, and a straight line 0119519500 : أبى يبرا ج: م االصتبذ5051 - هـ5341 للعبمLANE 333 Exercise 8-1 After each word write a number showing how many morphemes it contains Play 11 keeper 2 Replay 12 Able Date 13 Unable Antedate 14 miniskirt Hygiene 15 Rain Weak 16 rainy Weaken 17 Cheap Man 18 cheaply Manly 19 Cheaper 10 keep 20 cover 0119519500 : أبى يبرا ج: م االصتبذ5051 - هـ5341 للعبمLANE 333 Exercise 8-2: Write the meaning of the italicized morphemes: 1- antedate - لثمbefore - 2- reply يزج أخزيagain - 3- manly َشثهlike 4- keeper ين َحفظone who - 5- unable غُز لادرnot - 6- rainy َتظى تانًطزmarked by - 7- cheapest األكخز رخصًاmost 8- inactive غُز نشُطnot - 9- impossible غُز يًكنnot 10- malfunction(noun) طُئbad B- Free and Bound morphemes A free morpheme is one that can be uttered alone with meaning, such as the words straight or bright Exercise 8-3 Underline the bound morphemes It is possible for a word order to consist entirely of bound morphemes 1- speaker يتحذث 6-biomass 2- kingdom يًهكح 7- intervene 0119519500 : أبى يبرا ج: م االصتبذ5051 - هـ5341 للعبمLANE 333 3- petrodollar 8- remake 4- idolize َمذص 9- dreamed 5- selective اختُار 10- undo c base another classification of morphemes puts them into two classes : bases and affixes ( such as prefixes and suffixes ) abase morpheme is the part of a word that has the principal meaning Award may contain one base and one o more affixes Readability Exercise 8-4: Underline the bases in these words 1- womanly ٍنظائ 6- lighten 2- endear حثة 7- enlighten 3- failure فشم 8- friendship 4- famous يشهىر 5- infamous غُز يشهىر َنُز 11-unlikely غُز يحتًم 12-prowar يالثم انحزب صذالح 13- subway ٍطزَك فزع 9- befriend َصاحة 14- falsify َشف 10-bostonian ٍتظتىن 15- unenlived ٍال َح EXERCISE 8-5: Write in the blanks the meaning of the italicized bound bases Be content to indicate the base in a loose way with Spelling 1.audience, audidle, audinon , auditory َظًعhear 0119519500 : أبى يبرا ج: م االصتبذ5051 - هـ5341 للعبمLANE 333 َثتمkill suicide ,patricide, matricide, infanticide oral, oration , oracie , oratory َتحذثspeak lmouth 4.aquaplane , aquatic, Aquarian , aquanaut وعاءwter photography Biography Calligraphy كتاتحwriting corps, corpse , corporation, corporeal انجظذbody monochrome, monologue , monorail, monogamy واحذone pendulum, pendant , suspenders , impending َعهكhang manual Manicure , manuscript , manacle ٌ َذوhand 01.eject, inject, project, reject ٍ َزيthrow Exercise 8-6: Look up in your desk dictionary the meanings of the bound bases italicized in the words below Write the meanings of these bound bases in the first column In the second column write another English word that contains the same base 1- كتاتح عن األرضgeo graphy 23- األحُاء bio logy َحة انكتابbiblio phile earth writing life study geology oceanography book lover biochemistry 4- َتذخمintervene come mythology 5- َفهىcomprehend seize Francophile run convene look apprehend 6- َتكثزrecur 7- َكشفinspect 0119519500 : أبى يبرا ج: م االصتبذ5051 - هـ5341 للعبمLANE 333 8- َضع oppose put 9- inspire َتنفض breathe 10- rodent gnaus فظ 11- Portable carry َحًم 12- rupture break َكظز 13- annual year ٌطنى 14- carnal flesh نحى 15- bigamy marriage سواد E- Affixes An affix is a bound morpheme that occurs before or within or after a base Exercise 8-8: Look up in your desk dictionary each italicized prefix: 1- antifreeze ضذ against 2- circumvent حىل around 3- copilot Collapse يظاعذ االنهُار Compact يُخاق Convene اجتًع Corrode تصذأ 0119519500 : أبى يبرا ج: م االصتبذ5051 - هـ5341 للعبمLANE 333 4- contradict ضذ 5- Devitalize أضعفdo the opposite 6- Disagreeable يزفىض not 7- Insecure غُز آين not safe against Imperfect نالص Illegible غُز يمزوءnot readable Intervene 8- inspire Imbibe 9- intervene 10- intramural 11- obstruct 12-pewar 03-postwar 04- procoed 05-retroactive not complete come ًعه/ ٍ فin/on اشزبdrink تُنbetween داخمwithin َعزلمopposite يا لثم انحزبbefore يا لثم انحزبafter َتمذو نألياو forward نهخهفbackword 06-semiprofessional ٍ نصف يذرطhalf 17-subway يتزو under 18-superabundant أكخز ين انىفُزouer 09- unlikely غُز َحتًم 20- Undress انًالتض انشكهُحdo the opposite of not 0119519500 : أبى يبرا ج: م االصتبذ5051 - هـ5341 للعبمLANE 333 I nfixes are bound morphemes that have been inserted within a word un get at able and accountabler Suffixes are bound morphemes that occur after a bse , such as shrinkage , fail – ure,noisy, realize, nails, dreamed ,suffixes may pile up to the number of three or four, whereas prefixes are commonly single, except for the negative un- before an – other prefix In normalizers we perhaps reach the limit with four suffixes Norm plus the four suffixes –al, ize, -er, s Exercise 8-9 In these words the base is italicized After each word write the number of suffixes it contains 1- organists 6-contradictorily 2- personalities 7-trusteeship 3- flirtatiously 8-greasier 4- atomizers 9- countrified 5- friendliest 10 – responsibilities Exercise 8-10 Each group contains a base and suffixes Make each into a word in each case if more than one order of suffixes is possible 1- -ed ,live,-ed livened نشط 2- -ing,-ate,termin terminating ٍَنه 0119519500 : أبى يبرا ج: م االصتبذ5051 - هـ5341 للعبمLANE 333 يُعطىا دروص فٍ األخالق 3- -er,-s,mor,-al,-ize moralizers 4- province,-ism,-ial provincialisms ٍّيكان 5- -ly,some,grue gruesomely شنُع 6- -ity,work,-able workability ٍّعًه 7- in,-most,-er innermost ٍداخه 8- marry,-age,-ity,-abil marriageability إيكانُح انشواد 9- -dom,-ster,gang gangsterdom عصاتاخ اإلضافاث اإلعرابيت F.inflection & suffixes The inflectional suffixes can be schematized as follows : Inflectional: Suffix 1-} – s pl { 2- } -s s g ps { Examples نهجًعDogs, bushes Boy's Name Noun plurl نهجًع Noun singular possessive انًفزد نهًهكُح 3- }- s plps { Boys' ,men's Noun plural possessive انجًع نهًهكُح 4- } –s d { Runs, catches Preserit third- person 01 0119519500 : أبى يبرا ج: م االصتبذ5051 - هـ5341 للعبمLANE 333 15- -re- fundºrefund is derivational because it changes the word a) verb ºnoun b) nounºadjective c) verbºadjective d) nounºverb 16- If you divide isolated into its component morphemes, the root would be a) isolation b) isolate c) isolated d) isolaجًُع انًذكزاخ انجايعُح نذي يكتثح اتن طُنا تجذج 17-Morphemes that provide information about the grammatical relationships of words a) Content morphemes b) Function morphemes c) bound morpheme d) free morpheme 18- -ed- He washed the car a) Inflectional morphemes b) Derivational morphemes c) Allomorph d) alternate morpheme 60 0119519500 : أبى يبرا ج: م االصتبذ5051 - هـ5341 للعبمLANE 333 19- s- He walks to school a) Inflectional morphemes b) Derivational morphemes c) Allomorph d) alternate morpheme 20- An affix that attaches to the end of a stem; in English, suffixes may be inflectional or derivational a) Prefix b) Suffix c) Affix d) base 21- This medicine is a nasal DECONGESTANT a) the medicine helps to reduce nasal congestion b) the medicine causes nasal congestion c) the medicine makes your nose bigger d) the newspaper is published once a week 22- Why is it called ―OCTOBER‖ when it is not the eighth month of the year? a) Because this is an exception with the OCTO prefix b) There is no reason why c) Because October used to be the eighth month of the Roman Calendar 23- tion- Radiation leaked out of the plant a) Inflectional morphemes b) Derivational morphemes c) Allomorph d) alternate morpheme 62 0119519500 : أبى يبرا ج: م االصتبذ5051 - هـ5341 للعبمLANE 333 24- -en - gold is expensiveºthe golden years is derivational because it changes the word a) verb ºnoun b) nounºadjective c) verbºadjective d) nounºverb 25- Which of the following statements is correct concerning the way different languages alter meaning? a) In Latin derived languages, the word order is not usually as important as some other factors in altering meaning b) In English, word order is particularly critical to changing meaning c) both of the above d) neither of the above 26- Bound morphemes always attach to other morphemes, never existing as words themselves They always carry a grammatical function a) True b) False 27- DEFORESTATION will cause environmental DEPLETION a) Means planting trees will help our environment from DEPLETION b) Means cutting down trees will cause further environmental DEPLETION c) Means too many forests will cause further environmental DEPLETION d) Means planting trees will help our environment from DEPLETION 28-An affix that attaches to the beginning of a stem a) Prefix b) Suffix c) Affix d) base 63 0119519500 : أبى يبرا ج: م االصتبذ5051 - هـ5341 للعبمLANE 333 29- -ize -: finalºfinalize is derivational because it changes the word a) verb ºnoun b) nounºadjective c) verbºadjective d) adjectiveºverb 30- Which of the following are places of articulation? a) nasal b) plosive c) dental d) fricative 31- grammar consists of a) morphology b) syntax c) phonology d) A and B 32- This medicine is a nasal DECONGESTANT a) the medicine helps to reduce nasal congestion b) the medicine causes nasal congestion c) the medicine makes your nose bigger d) the newspaper is published three times a week 33- decentralize a) device for looking at tiny objects b) a deep sea animal with eight arms c) device for looking at stars d) remove from the centre to surrounding areas 34- octopus a) device for looking at tiny objects b) device for looking at stars c) a deep sea animal with eight arms d) ship that travels 64 0119519500 : أبى يبرا ج: م االصتبذ5051 - هـ5341 للعبمLANE 333 35- -est- That is the biggest fish I have ever seen a) Inflectional morphemes b) Derivational morphemes c) Allomorph d) alternate morpheme 36- If you divide component into its component morphemes, the root would be a) compone b) compc) -nent d) component 37- Which morpheme in the experiment's has an inflectional function? a) -'s b) -ment c) -ex d) –peri 38- Morphemes that serve a purely grammatical function, never creating a new word but only a different form of the same word a) Derivational morphemes b) Inflectional morphemes c) bound morpheme d) free morpheme 65 0119519500 : أبى يبرا ج: م االصتبذ5051 - هـ5341 للعبمLANE 333 39- Which of the following statements is true about languages? a) All languages use essentially the same number of sounds b) All native speakers of a language learn the basic rules of grammar in school c) While different languages may use different phonemes, they all essentially share the same syntax d) none of the above 40- microphone a) device for making sound louder(bigger) b) remove from the centre to surrounding areas c) device for looking at stars d) device for looking at tiny objects 41-Bound morphemes that change the meaning or syntactic function of the words to which they attach a) Prefix b) Suffix c) Affix d) base 42- Which morpheme in is dehumidifying has an inflectional function? a) -de b) -ify c) -id d) –ing 43- submarine a) device for looking at stars b) a deep sea animal with eight arms c) device for making sound louder(bigger) d) ship that travels under the ocean 44- language is known as a: a) morpheme b) syntactic unit c) phoneme D graphem 66 0119519500 : أبى يبرا ج: م االصتبذ5051 - هـ5341 للعبمLANE 333 45- ly- Slowly, he ambled down the street a) Inflectional morphemes b) Derivational morphemes c) Allomorph d) alternate morpheme 46- The meaning of words and phrases in the Mandarin Chinese language is mostly altered by changing: a) word order b) tones of sounds c) prefixes and suffixes of words d) bound morpheme 47- Which of the following statements is true of language? a) Native speakers not have to memorize all possible sentences that can be created b) All languages have logical rules c) If your language does not have some of the sounds of another language, it is usually difficult for you to hear the differences and to pronounce them correctly d) all of the above 48- -al- rationºrational is derivational because it changes the word a) verb ºnoun b) nounºadjective c) verbºadjective d) nounºverb 67 0119519500 : أبى يبرا ج: م االصتبذ5051 - هـ5341 للعبمLANE 333 49- If you divide Americanize into its component morphemes, the root would be a) America b) American c) amerid) merit 50- English -erbigºbigger tallºtaller smallºsmaller -er is a) derivational b) inflectionac) c) isolation d) morphem 68 LANE 333للعبم 5341هـ 5051 -م االصتبذ :أبى يبرا ج0119519500 : 69 LANE 333للعبم 5341هـ 5051 -م االصتبذ :أبى يبرا ج0119519500 : 71 LANE 333للعبم 5341هـ 5051 -م االصتبذ :أبى يبرا ج0119519500 : 70 LANE 333للعبم 5341هـ 5051 -م االصتبذ :أبى يبرا ج0119519500 : 72 LANE 333للعبم 5341هـ 5051 -م االصتبذ :أبى يبرا ج0119519500 : 73 LANE 333للعبم 5341هـ 5051 -م االصتبذ :أبى يبرا ج0119519500 : 74 LANE 333للعبم 5341هـ 5051 -م االصتبذ :أبى يبرا ج0119519500 : االصتبذ :أبى يبرا ج0119519500 : مدرس ختصص اللغة االجنليزية LANE - LANF واللغة االجنليزية للضنة التحضريية ELCA 101 – ELCA 102 مع التدريب على منبذج االصئلة الضببقة وحلهب ومتببعة الدورات التأهيلية ******************************************************** والتدريب على اختببرات الكفبيبت للغة االجنليزية واصتيب والتىفل وارامكى وايلتش 75 ... B- Free and Bound morphemes A free morpheme is one that can be uttered alone with meaning, such as the words straight or bright ? ?Exercise 8-3 Underline the bound morphemes It is possible... of morphemes puts them into two classes : bases and affixes ( such as prefixes and suffixes ) abase morpheme is the part of a word that has the principal meaning Award may contain one base and. .. straightedge, straighten, and a straight line 0119519500 : أبى يبرا ج: م االصتبذ5051 - هـ5341 للعبمLANE 333 Exercise 8-1 After each word write a number showing how many morphemes it contains