TOBACCO CONTROL TO GAIN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS OF VIETNAM.

TOBACCO CONTROL TO GAIN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS OF VIETNAM.TOBACCO CONTROL TO GAIN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS OF VIETNAM.TOBACCO CONTROL TO GAIN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS OF VIETNAM.TOBACCO CONTROL TO GAIN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS OF VIETNAM.TOBACCO CONTROL TO GAIN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS OF VIETNAM.

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING FOREIGN TRADE UNIVERSITY -*** MASTER THESIS TOBACCO CONTROL TO GAIN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS OF VIETNAM Major: International Economics Full name: Nguyen Thi Le Thuy Hanoi, 2020 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING FOREIGN TRADE UNIVERSITY -*** MASTER THESIS TOBACCO CONTROL TO GAIN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS OF VIETNAM Major: International Economics Master of Research in International Economics Code: 1806410002 Full name: Nguyen Thi Le Thuy Supervisor: Assoc Prof Dr Tu Thuy Anh Hanoi, 2020 COMMITMENT I would like to guarantee the master's thesis with title: "Tobacco control to gain sustainable development goals of Vietnam" is my own scientific research The research contents in this topic are completely honest and have not been used or published in any form The data indicated in the thesis is clear, accurate and collected from the confident sources of information Hanoi, 2020 Author of thesis Nguyen Thi Le Thuy ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all, my warm gratitude is for the lecturers and staff of Faculty of Graduate Studies, Foreign Trade University for their kindness and helpful support during my coursework and development of this study, specially, Assoc.Prof.Dr Tu Thuy Anh, whose thoughtful orientation and guidance was invaluable Besides the efforts of myself, I have received the help, encouragement and guidance of my teachers, friends, colleagues and family throughout the course as well as in the period of the thesis research I am grateful to my family for their encouragement and supports during the course and the period of thesis research In spite of the great efforts of the author, inevitable shortcomings and limitation still exist in the thesis Therefore, I am looking forward to receiving precious sharings and comments for better improvement Sincerely, The Author Nguyen Thi Le Thuy TABLE OF CONTENTS COMMITMENT i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS iii LIST OF FIGURE iv ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION CHAPTER I THE BASIC CONCEPTS OF THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND TOBACCO CONTROL 11 1.1 Concept of Sustainable Development goals 11 1.1.1 What is sustainable development ? 11 1.1.2 Sustainable development goals 12 Overview of tobacco use and tobacco control measures in Vietnam .16 1.2.1 Current situation of tobacco use in Vietnam .16 1.2.2 Some results of the implementation of Tobacco Control Law .17 1.3 Channels for tobacco control to gain the goals of sustainable development in Vietnam .19 1.3.1 Tobacco control Strategies of Vietnam follow up to Framework Convention on global tobacco control 19 1.3.2 Tobacco control Strategies of Vietnam follow to appropriate goals of sustainable development 21 CHAPTER II TOBACCO CONTROL MEASURES TO GAIN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN VIETNAM 24 2.1 Overview of disease caused by tobacco 24 2.1.1 Tobacco use statistics from Ministry of Health 24 2.1.2 Tobacco use statistics of World Health Organization (WHO) 25 2.2 Some assessment of channels for tobacco control measures to gain sustainable development in Vietnam 27 2.2.1 Results of Vietnam's tobacco control measures follow to six components of Framework Convention on Tobacco Control 28 2.2.2 Impacts of tobacco control measures to gain sustainable development in Vietnam 56 CHAPTER III: PROPOSALS FOR STRENTHING TOBACCO CONTROL MEASURES TO GAIN THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN VIETNAM 69 3.1 Some evaluation on implementing of tobacco control measures in Vietnam 69 3.1.1 An assessment of implementing the smoke-free environment at agencies and units in provinces and cities in Vietnam 69 3.1.2 An assessment in organizing the implementation of the Tobacco Control Law in Vietnam 70 3.2 Recommendation for Vietnam tobacco control measures to complete Framework Convention on global tobacco control 74 3.3 Recommendation for Vietnam tobacco control measures to achieve sustainable development goals 81 3.3.1 Some review on the advantages and disadvantages in organizing the implementation of the Tobacco Control Law in Vietnam 81 3.3.2 Recommendation for Vietnam tobacco control measures to achieve sustainable development goals 83 CONCLUSION 88 LIST OF REFERENCES 90 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ASEAN: Association of Southeast Asian Nations COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease FCTC: Framework Convention on Tobacco Control LMICs: Low- and middle-income countries NCDs: Non-communicable diseases SDG: Sustainable Development Goal WHO: World Health Organization LIST OF FIGURE Figure 1: Prevalence of current smoker compared to 2010 and 2015 28 Figure 2: Average number of the most consumed smoking tobacco product used per day among daily smokers compared to 2010 and 2015 .29 Figure 3: Percentage of adult exposed to tobacco smoke at home in 2010 and 2015 30 Figure 4: Percentage of adult exposed to tobacco smoke in the workplace in 2010 and 2015 .31 Figure 5: Percentage of adult exposed to tobacco smoke in the public places in 2010 32 Figure 6: Percentage of adult exposed to tobacco smoke in the public places in 2015 33 Figure 7: Percentage of youth exposed to tobacco smoke at home in 2010 and 2015 35 Figure 8: Average cigarette expenditure per month 36 Figure 9: Percentage of tobacco retail points by region in 2010 and 2015 38 Figure 10: Percentage of tobacco retail points by residence in 2010 and 2015 39 Figure 11: Number of tobacco retail stores within 100m around schools and hospitals in 2017 40 Figure 12: Percentage of smokers planning to quit within next month 41 Figure 13: Percentage of smokers thinking about quitting within next 12 month 42 Figure 14: Number of former smoker 43 Figure 15: Percentage of current smokers who visited a doctor or health care professional and were advised to quit smoking in 2010 and 2015 44 Figure 16: Percentage of people who noticing Health Warnings on Cigarette Packages in the Past 30 days .45 Figure 17: Current smokers who thought about quitting because of a health warning label on a cigarette package 46 Figure 18: The proportion of smokers who received health warnings on their cigarette packs between 2010 and 2015 47 Figure 19: Adults who noticed cigarette marketing in stores where cigarettes are sold in 2010 and 2015 48 Figure 20: Currrent smokers who noticed cigarette marketing in stores where cigarettes are sold in 2010 and 2015 49 Figure 21: Adults who noticed any cigarette advertisements, sponsorships, or promotions in 2010 and 2015 .50 Figure 22: Current smokers noticed any cigarette advertisement, sponsorship, or promotion in 2010 and 2015 52 Figure 23: Percentage of adult belief the health effects of tobacco smoking 53 Figure 24: Percentage of adults noticed anti-cigarette smoking information on the television or radio 54 ABSTRACT Tobacco harms to the health of people in the general and working-age people in particular, costs health care and carries a burden of disease for the whole health system In addition to the cost of medical examination and treatment caused by tobacco, the loss of productivity due to illness and premature death among workingage people As a macro perspective, tobacco use causes poverty worse at the national level by hampering economic growth As a micro-scale, tobacco use impoverishes families of smokers Investing in tobacco control to achieve poverty reduction, economic growth and prevention of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is vital In fact,Vietnam is one of 193 member countries joined in the sustainable development goals (SDGs) were endorsed by the United Nation which have the aim to “end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure prosperity for all as part of a new sustainable development agenda” Meanwhile, tobacco use has devastating health, social, environmental and economic consequences It is a major barrier to sustainable development Tobacco use has negatively affects to many of the 17 SDGs Therefore, tobacco control is essential for sustainable development in Vietnam This thesis with topic:“Tobacco control to gain SDGs of Vietnam” will study the current measures of tobacco control in Vietnam, summary Vietnam's results in harm prevention of tobacco Also, the thesis focuses on more detailed analyzing and comparing data from two Vietnam's surveys follow to Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) in 2010 and 2015; then, point out the impacts of tobacco control in gaining sustainable development in Vietnam, particularly in gaining SDG (End poverty) and SDG (Ensure health for all at all age) and quality educational goals The finding also have some review on implementing of tobacco control measures in Vietnam and give some recommendation for Vietnam to improve Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in the next period in order to gain suitable SDGs First chapter of thesis will mention to the concept of “sustainable development” and 17 SDGs adopted by United Nation that identify health as central to development By outlining the link between tobacco, poverty and economic development, it shows that tobacco is incompatible with sustainable development Then, thesis will mention an overview of the current situation of tobacco use in Vietnam that point out Vietnam is one of the 15 countries with the Cigarette tax is 70% of factory price which is equal to less than 45% of retail price and much lower than the recommendation of WHO However, Vietnam is one of the very few countries that require manufacturers and importers to make "compulsory contributions" at 1-2% of the factory price of cigarettes sold in Vietnam for the establishment of a Tobacco Control Fund (TCF) In 2015, 63 provinces/cities, 22 ministries and political-social organizations and hospitals received funding from TCF to implement a wide range of tobacco control activities Cessation services have been starting with a a toll-free quit-line but need to be further strengthened In conclusion, Vietnam has constantly put efforts into the tobacco control field with high commitment from the government, scientists and activists Though several remarkable achievements have been gained, many challenges remain To overcome those challenges, implementation strategies that take into account the contextual factors and social determinants of tobacco use in Vietnam are needed Offer help to quit tobacco use (Corresponding to Article 14- Demand reduction measures concerning tobacco dependence and cessation) The 2012 TC law included sections to develop the tobacco cessation services The 77th Decree of the Government, which regulated the two mentioned sections in detail, had been issued months after the official law’s enactment Study showed that everyone will occasionally take medical visits to health centers That is the reason why repeating the advice about tobacco harm during each visit would be quite effective since the consultants are well respected health professionals (Solberg et al., 2006) Report of GATS 2010 showed that only 29% of smokers received advice from health staffs to quit smoking and only 3.0% of smokers sought counseling advice to help them stop smoking (Vietnam Ministry of Health, 2010) Hence, the Vietnamese Government needs more actions to consolidate the services at center based Warn of dangers (corresponding to Article 11 – Packaging and labelling of tobacco products and Article 12 Education, communication, training and public awareness) Regarding health warnings, it was a long and tough fight to get pictorial health warnings implemented in Viet On 17th March 2005, the FCTC took effect in Vietnam Article 11 of this Convention required every member parties to apply the health warning signs that occupied for at least 30% of the principal display surfaces of a cigarette pack and strongly encouraged member parties to use pictorial health warnings (World Health Organization, 2005) Deadline for implementation is years from the date in which the Convention took effect in the country (World Health Organization, 2005) After a long battle for quite a few years, and thanks to support from many partners to tobacco control in Vietnam, on 18th June 2012, Law on Prevention and Control of tobacco Harms in which Article 15 required the printing of pictorial health warnings (PHW) on every cigarette packages was approved by the National Assembly of Vietnam (National Assembly of Vietnam, 2012) In May 2013, the new set containing of graphic pictures and health messages covering 50% of both the front and back of the cigarette package came into effect (National Assembly of Vietnam, 2012) Among 180 countries that are legally bound by FCTC, Vietnam is one of 77 countries that have successfully implemented the PHWs on cigarette package PHWs in Vietnam are large (covering 50% of the pack surface) and describe specific harmful effects of tobacco use on health along with rotation regulations On the side of communication and public awareness, with support from WHO and partners, Vietnam had implemented yearly World No Tobacco Day Celebration with participation of high profile public health experts and policy makers In addition, there are many communication activities conducted at local level There were significant mass media communication campaigns conducted from 2010 with financial and technical support from the World Lung Foundation, WHO and other partners (World Lung Foundation, 2015) As a result, WHO classified Vietnam as having the highest achievement on WWarn about the danger of tobacco use in MPOWER package (World Health Organization, 2015) Tobacco control data management: Another point needs to be discussed to compelete FCTC measures for Vietnam is that the process of processing and analyzing the research database on the tobacco harm prevention and control program has brought certain values in systematizing the research results of many projects over a long period of time Each research project has different objectives and research methods, so it is important to collect and systematize the data to determine past results and what is lacking in the implementation in future In addition, the systematization of data also gives researchers and policy makers an easier access to the results of studies conducted by other researchers through data Building a generalized structure that can generalize the data of many different studies across different research areas requires a scientific approach, timeconsuming and costly in the process of specialization describe and process data Based on analyzing the data status of the existing studies, the data frame on tobacco control is recognized and used effectively and widely MPOWER and technologies for designing and building modernized digital data warehouses The main recommendations focus on the two biggest issues: building a data frame that allows data for future studies to be easily integrated into, and the second is screening and transform existing, valuable research data into an integrated data structure Building a centralized database is an essential requirement to increase the ability to exploit research data on Tobacco Control Compared to the current fragmented and fragmented data storage, centralized databases offer tremendous potential for building effective search engines and data visualization tools Modern material for researchers In order to build a centralized database, the design and construction of a data frame for future studies is the most important focus In order to accommodate multiple studies with different scopes and subjects, the MPOWER data frame system needs to be expanded according to different classification rules Designing an appropriate data structure based on the MPOWER indicator set, a process should be designed to allow future tobacco harm prevention researchers to develop steps to integrate data Data was available before There is a need to enforce a process to convert research data into a fund data standard in future studies With the data of existing studies, some research data can be easily converted and integrated with MPOWER framework index systems, but there are also a lot of data that cannot be converted With recent and highly valuable data, it is imperative to convert the data structure of these studies to the new framework Monitor - Monitor policies on the prevention and use of tobacco A number of indicators not have specific studies according to the framework criteria that require additional studies including: - Percentage of establishments that meet the smoke-free standard by law - Percentage of adolescents exposed to secondhand smoke in public - Estimated number of deaths from tobacco use - Total cost of tobacco use to society - Direct medical costs due to tobacco use - Indirect medical costs due to tobacco use Protect - Protect people from exposure to tobacco smoke A number of indicators not have specific studies according to the criteria of the different time frame and study that require additional studies including: - The percentage of youth who can buy cigarettes regardless of age - Percentage of drug sellers who comply with the license - Number of violations of regulations of selling drugs within 100m from schools and hospitals - Percentage of retail stores with signs prohibiting the sale of drugs to people under 18 years Target only figures for 2017 Warn - Warning about the dangers of tobacco A number of indicators not have specific studies according to the framework criteria that require additional studies including - Number of cases of visual health warning violations and small bags being detected and prosecuted - Percentage of people who know about “small bags” since May 1, 2015 Enforce bans on tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship policies A number of indicators not have specific studies according to the framework criteria that require additional studies including: - Number of TAPS violations found and punished - Percentage of interviewers who can remember the message from the media - Percentage of children educated about tobacco prevention programs at school 3.3 Recommendation for Vietnam tobacco control measures to achieve sustainable development goals 3.3.1 Some review on the advantages and disadvantages in organizing the implementation of the Tobacco Control Law in Vietnam a) Advantages: Tobacco control has always received the active attention and direction of the Party, Government, National Assembly, leaders of ministries, sectors and provinces and cities Leaders of many agencies and units interested in organizing the implementation and promulgating internal regulations on banning smoking in the workplace and putting them into resolutions are among the criteria to consider and vote for emulation and commendation year of the unit Ministries, provinces and cities will actively promulgate documents guiding the implementation of the Tobacco Control Law Communication activities on tobacco control on tobacco are conducted regularly, with various forms, increasing the proportion of people who are aware of tobacco harms The increasing enforcement of smoking bans in offices, offices and public areas creates a favorable environment to promote people's determination to quit There is a fund from the Tobacco Control Fund, which is the main, regular and sustainable source of funding to support the implementation of comprehensive tobacco control activities at all levels from central to local levels b) Disadvantages: Tobacco use among adult men in Vietnam, especially in rural areas, has decreased but remains high Passive exposure to tobacco smoke is still high in some public places such as restaurants, bars, etc The violation of the smoking ban in public places is still taking place Vietnam's tobacco tax is low Under the Law on Special Consumption Tax, currently, Vietnam's excise tax on cigarettes is 70% of the factory price If calculated on the retail price, this tax is only about 36% Vietnam is the country with the lowest special consumption tax on cigarettes in the ASEAN region (only higher than Cambodia) and very low compared to developed countries Meanwhile, as recommended by the World Health Organization, to reduce the need for tobacco use, the excise tax on tobacco products needs to be 60% to 80% of the retail price of cigarettes Low tobacco taxes make tobacco prices cheap According to calculations, the average price of a pack of twenty cigarettes tends to decrease (12,700 VND / pack in 2010 and 11,819 VND / pack in 2015 after adjusting for inflation) Cheap tobacco prices increase the accessibility and purchase of cigarettes for adolescents and the poor, reducing the effectiveness of tobacco control among tobacco products Tobacco is sold everywhere, so people, especially young people, have easy access to tobacco products A number of new products appeared on the market such as Shisha, Vape, ecigarettes, non-burning heated cigarettes and promoted on many Internet websites for their appeal and style Even these products are advertised as having a traditional effect of smoking cessation This causes misunderstandings about the safety of health when using these products, especially among teenagers Violation of regulations on banning tobacco advertising at point of sale and on the internet is also causing difficulties for tobacco control c) Causes of the difficulties in implementation of the Tobacco Control Law in Vietnam Tobacco is an addictive and long-term use of cigarettes when facing difficulties and the coverage of detoxication services is not widespread, drug support for treatment is scarce and high cost, while Those who are addicted to tobacco and pipe tobacco are mostly poor and low-income people Besides, people's awareness of law compliance is not high Violations of the display of tobacco products and the advertising and marketing of tobacco products at point of sale are still common Businesses continue to use direct marketing staff of tobacco products to consumers in restaurants and restaurants, especially in big cities and provinces with many sophisticated tricks such as using tablets to introduce new tobacco items The authorities have not really paid attention to regular checking to prevent this situation Leaders of some agencies/units are still not interested in directing the implementation of the provisions of the Tobacco Control Law, the observance of the responsibilities of the heads of places banned from smoking specified in the Tobacco Control Law of cigarette is not serious The inspection and administrative sanctioning force in the field of medicine, including tobacco control, is still very thin and has not really paid attention to penalties in the field of tobacco control and no specialized inspection the topic of tobacco control and has not actively integrated the inspection of tobacco control field with other inspection activities The act of smoking occurs quickly, the functional forces have difficulty in identifying violations if no professional equipment is allowed to be used as the basis for the sanction Beside, while the WHO -FCTC is not fully implemented, emerging challenges in tobacco control is controlling of new generation tobacco products such as ecigarettes, heating tobacco Governments and stakeholders urgently need to take appropriate interventions to address this new threat to health At the same time, the tobacco industry has been striving to use various tricks to destabilize the public health and interfere in tobacco control with tricks to swap labels that they support harm reduction approaches 3.3.2 Recommendation for Vietnam tobacco control measures to achieve sustainable development goals As a developing country, Vietnam needs to increases in tobacco taxation as a revenue generating mechanism In addition, at least some of the additional government revenues from this tax should be earmarked to health service provision and health promotion in relation to both the Sustainable development goals and tobacco control Policies should focus particularly on young people, women and the poor in their tobacco control activities Goverment should join forces to mobilize in relation to both Sustainable development goals implementation and comprehensive tobacco control, to ensure national commitment and consensus, the involvement of health, finance and other ministries, and the development of viable action plans In order to implement tobacco control policies effectively at national level, governments should develop the appropriate human and institutional capacities in ways that reflect national priorities and realities National tobacco control should be incorporated into existing federal, state and district-level health structures and should link with existing positions and accountability processes This should lend sustainability to tobacco control Also, the non-health sectors should be systematically involved with the health sector to reach a multisectoral acceptance of tobacco control in the country a, The need to reasearch more about the tobacco use and poverty: At country level, core public health functions such as health monitoring, health surveillance and public health research are needed In relation to tobacco and poverty, there are three main requirements: • monitoring and surveillance data in relation to tobacco use and its impacts; • research into any specific health effects due to the interaction between tobacco use, poverty, malnutrition and/or undernutrition; • studies of the opportunity costs of tobacco use among poor people In relation to monitoring and surveillance, standardized estimates of smoking prevalence (i.e using the agreed standardized definitions of tobacco use) are needed to chart the progress of developing countries through the stages of the tobacco epidemic, and to determine specific strategies for intervention Second, more research into tobacco and poverty is needed Of particular concern is the lack of research into the range of health impacts of tobacco use on the very poor This research includes examining the intersection of tobacco use and malnutrition (including various forms of comorbidity due to micro- nutrient deficiencies, parasitic and gastrointestinal diseases), and the impact of smoking on a wide range of respiratory illnesses (including pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, asthma and tuberculosis) among those who are poor and malnourished It may well be that the negative health impacts of tobacco are broader and more immediate when malnutrition and extreme poverty exist Finally, more research is needed into the opportunity costs of tobacco use among poor households, not only in terms of the overall economics of house- hold budgets, important though this is We also need to understand much more about the subtle choices made when resources are limited (due in part to tobacco use), such as the decision whether or not to seek medical help for a child with a fever, or for a woman during pregnancy choices that impact directly on health outcomes relevant to the sustainable development goals There is much more to learn about these broader effects of tobacco use in very low income households Information on tobacco use, the health effects of tobacco, tobacco and poverty and the effectiveness of tobacco control measures, should be included among the areas to be covered by the Health Metrics Network and other relevant health information and surveillance systems Supporting by the international agencies and donor countries that provide funds for more detailed research into the health effects of tobacco on the very poor, including those with HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis, and into the opportunity costs of tobacco use among the very poor b, Taxes on manufactured tobacco products should be increased regularly and uniformly across all tobacco-types - Prices of tobacco products, relative to other goods and services, should become less affordable over time - It is important that taxes be increased uniformly across all product types so as not to encourage substitution among tobacco products - Waterpipe tobacco, currently exempt from all taxes, should be taxed More specifically, given: - The relatively low level of current taxes on tobacco products as a proportion of retail price in Vietnam - The inelastic demand for tobacco products in Vietnam - The rate of growth of the Vietnam economy (in excess of 8% annually in recent years) - Recent, current and projected relatively high inflation rates (in excess of 7% since 2004 and expected to reach 18% in 2008 and 10% in 2009).78,79% - Recent changes introduced to simplify the taxation structure of tobacco products in Vietnam and the fact that no specific excise taxes are currently applied on tobacco products - The market for tobacco products in Vietnam is characterized by a broad range of brands available at widely varying prices Increase the special consumption tax annually so that prices of tobacco products increase by at least, and preferably in excess of, the rate of growth of the Vietnam economy The Special consumption tax, set at 65% since January 2008, should be increased annually by thereby automatically raising prices by approximately 10% annually With the objective to significantly increase the prices of the lowest-priced tobacco products and hence reduce opportunities to substitute down to cheaper products as taxes are increased, introduce an effective specific tax, indexed to inflation or with scheduled increases to meet or outpace expected inflation Given expected high inflation rates in future years, it is imperative to prevent the new specific tax from being eroded by rising overall prices It is also imperative that the new specific tax does not come at the expense of a reduced or stagnant special consumption tax A specific VND 1750 (US$ 0.11) tax per pack of 20 cigarettes, indexed to inflation or with scheduled increases to meet or outpace expected inflation, should be introduced Such a tax would raise average prices by approximately 30% and can be expected to raise an additional VND 4.3 trillion (US$ 268 million) in tax revenue annually and avert approximately 339,000 premature deaths Given that waterpipe tobacco is currently exempt from all taxes, and with the objective to reduce opportunities to substitute from cigarette to cheaper waterpipe tobacco as cigarette taxes are increased, it is recommended that a specific waterpipe tobacco excise tax be introduced A specific excise of VND 1000 (US$ 0.06) per 100 grams of waterpipe tobacco, indexed to inflation or with scheduled increases to meet or outpace expected inflation, should be introduced c, Strengthen anti-smuggling measures: While difficult to assess, some estimates put the share of smuggling in Vietnam at nearly 10% of total sales The tax stamp policy introduced in 2000 by the government of Vietnam should be maintained and reinforced, as the use of tax stamps can facilitate the identification of illegally produced or imported products Other anti-smuggling measures such as licensing requirements and better enforcement should be initiated d, Integrate tobacco control in broader poverty reduction efforts: The considerable health impact of tobacco use is well documented However, the contribution of tobacco use to poverty is often under-appreciated As the burden of disease attributable to tobacco use is increasingly borne by low- and middle- income countries such as Vietnam, tobacco control should be integrated in broader poverty reduction efforts Earmarking a portion of the revenue from tobacco taxes for broad health programmes such as health insurance, health promotion and tobacco control activities is recommended e, Governing the emerging tobacco products: The government consider prohibiting or regulating Electronic Nicotine Delivery (ENDs) and Heated Tobacco Product – (HTPs) including through reinforcement existing regulatory mechanisms, such as prohibiting or restricting production, import, distribution, introduction, sell and use these products, and share information about prohibitions or regulations - Prohibit the sale and distribution of ENDS products to persons below the minimum age regulated in Article 16 of WHO FCTC; - Prohibit the possession of ENDS products in persons under the minimum age; - Prohibit ENDS / ENNDS advertising, promotion and sponsorship; - ENDS is taxed to the extent that this product, including its accessories products such as electronic devices and e-liquids are beyond our affordability people under the minimum age CONCLUSION Vietnam is one of the developing countries follow to the SDGs that apply to all countries, rich and poor, and recognize the crucial interrelationship of health, poverty, education, gender, and many other issues Meanwhile, tobacco use has devastating health, social, environmental and economic consequences It is a major barrier to sustainable development Tobacco use impacts negatively to health, poverty, global hunger, education, economic growth, gender equality, the environment, finance and governance Tobacco control is well reflected in the new set of goals and targets of sustainable development goals, particularly relates to ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all ages The SDGs cannot be achieved without a strong commitment to tobacco control By analyzing and comparing data from two Vietnam's surveys follow to Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) in 2010 and 2015, this finding summarized Vietnam's results in harm prevention; point out the impacts of tobacco control in gaining sustainable development in Vietnam, particularly in gaining SDG (End poverty) and SDG (Ensure health for all at all age) and quality educational goals The finding also have some review on implementing of tobacco control measures in Vietnam and give some recommendation for Vietnam to improve Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in the next period in order to gain suitable sustainable development goals In fact, Vietnam is one of the 15 countries with the highest rates of adult male smoking in the world Among ASEAN countries, Vietnam is the third country with the highest number of smokers, after Indonesia and the Philippines By efforts in tobacco control in many years, Vietnam has achieved remarkable results in tobacco harm prevention As analyze above, the smoking prevalence tended to be lower compared with 2010 for overall (23.8% in 2010 vs 22.5% in 2015) and among men (47.4% vs 45.3%) and among women (1.4% vs 1.1%) The prevalence of indoor secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure in most places significantly declined from 2010 to 2015, including in the home (73.1% to 59.9%), workplace (55.9% to 42.6%), universities (54.3% to 37.9%), public transportation (34.4% to 19.4%), and schools (22.3% to 16.1%) The proportion of current smokers who received advice to quit by a healthcare provider when visiting health facilities increased from 29.7% in 2010 to 40.5% in 2015 There was no increase in quitting smoking as the proportion of former smokers among ever smokers remained unchanged from 2010 to 2015 (29.3% and 29.0%, respectively) There was an increase in the public’s awareness about the harmful health effects of smoking and exposure to SHS between 2010 and 2015 The proportion who believed smoking causes stroke, heart attack, and lung cancer significantly increased from 2010 to 2015 (55.5% to 61.2%).The percentage of persons aged 15-24 years who reported noticing cigarette advertising and promotions significantly declined between 2010 and 2015 (25.3% to 19.8%) The average amount paid for 20 manufactured cigarettes tended to be lower (12,700 VND in 2010 after adjusting for inflation; 11,800 VND in 2015) Efforts in reducing tobacco use plays a major role in global efforts to achieve the many targets among 17 sustainable development goals target to reduce premature deaths from non-communicable diseases Tobacco control have directly impacts to target of ending poverty, ensuring healthy lives, gaining quality educational goals and indirectly impacts to other goals In order to help achieve the goals of sustainable development, tobacco control in Vietnam follows the WHO FCTC framework convention: Tobacco control strategies need to focus on appropriate sustainable development goals to achieve be effective; develop tobacco control strategies in stages; closely supervise the implementation of strategies; review on the strengths and weaknesses of tobacco control campaigns in the community regularly; review on implementing tobacco control law follow to MPOWER index system Policies should focus particularly on young people, women and the poor in their tobacco control activities This finding give some recommendation for tobacco control implementing that needs to reasearch more about health impacts of tobacco use, the tobacco use and poverty to be evidences to persuade policy maker Research for advocacy, especially when presented in a way that generates media attention, can much to gain the attention of policymakers, and thus motivate them towards action in the cause of tobacco control Also, it is important to increase taxes on manufactured tobacco products; 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