Giới thiệu phần mềm Revit dựng 3d

Lesson Plan – Revit Intro Lesson Overview This lesson explains the main components of Autodesk Revit software It begins with illustrations of model objects, mass objects, dimensions and the ribbon interface There are exercises that demonstrate how to work with the properties of views and model objects, and how to create your own building elements Software: Autodesk® Revit® 2015 Time: to hours Level: Beginner Datasets: Imperial included Concepts Addressed • Conceptual Design by Sketching Building Elements • Conceptual Design with Mass Models • Annotations and Dimensions • Display and Navigation • Working with Views and Objects Learning Objectives After completing this lesson you will be able to: • Navigate the user interface: View window, Project Browser, ribbon tools, Options Bar • Place, locate, and modify model elements • Use dimensions to control model elements • Place and modify mass elements • Create building elements from mass elements • Open different views • Change view displays • Change view properties • Adjust Advanced Model Graphics • Access, load, and place a family from a library • Change type properties of a family • Create an in-place family Exercise Index Exercise 01 Display and Hide Ribbon Tabs Page 42 Exercise 02 Context Tabs Page 43 Exercise 03 View Controls Page 47 Exercise 04 Work With Families Page 51 Exercise 05 Create Custom Families Page 54 Lesson Plan – Revit User Interface, Building Elements, and Family Component Intro Page |1 Conceptual Design by Sketching Building Elements About this lesson After completing this lesson, you will be able to: • Draw walls in a building project • Describe the tools for placing building elements • Constrain placement of objects Key Terms align equidistant building element wall constraint Design Using Elements Buildings are often designed inside out This means that the designer concentrates on functional or spatial requirements for interiors and the relationships between rooms or spaces, rather than the shape of the building as seen from outside In cases like this, sketching walls in plan view is the most efficient way to start a conceptual design Doors, windows, stairs, and other elements are then fit in or between walls as part of the design development process Revit software makes locating walls as easy as drawing lines When sketching walls, the display shows editable distances and angles, and the cursor reads geometric features (endpoints, intersections, midpoints) and relationships (vertical, horizontal) to use in constraining the sketch Lesson Plan – Revit User Interface, Building Elements, and Family Component Intro Page |2 Distances can be adjusted at any time Constraints that preserve relationships can be applied Other building elements such as doors, windows, floors, stairs, roofs, furniture, and equipment can be loaded in from content libraries or sketched in place The Build panel on the Home tab contains tools for populating the design Lesson Plan – Revit User Interface, Building Elements, and Family Component Intro Page |3 You can add building elements in plan, elevation, section, and 3D views While components are being sketched, or at any time after, relationships can be established that make editing efficient In the illustration shown, windows are being aligned center to center and locked together If one is moved, the other will move as well In the two illustrations shown, windows placed in a wall are set to be equidistant Lesson Plan – Revit User Interface, Building Elements, and Family Component Intro Page |4 If the left side wall is moved, all the windows obey their constraints In essence, parametric design establishes rules that govern elements as a design evolves Conceptual Design with Mass Models About This Lesson After completing this lesson, you will be able to: • Open the Massing & Site tab • Place a predefined Mass family • Use the In-Place Mass tool • Use tools to create building elements from masses Key Terms curtain system massing & site tab show mass Design Using Form in-place mass model by face solid form mass floor place mass void form Lesson Plan – Revit User Interface, Building Elements, and Family Component Intro Page |5 Many factors determine the form or shape of a building Designers often decide on the form of a proposed building before determining its interior spaces This can be in response to the site or to building restrictions, such as distance requirements from roadways Tall building designs must frequently satisfy setback regulations that affect the shape of towers A designer, owner, or client may have a preconceived idea about the shape, size, or form of a proposed building that drives the design process The ability to provide clients and reviewing authorities with comprehensible 3D sketches early in the design process is important to the success of a project Revit has tools that enable designers to create 3D building shapes, or masses, quickly There are mass families available to load into a project, you can create in-place masses, and there is a conceptual mass family editor environment Masses can be edited in many ways, and then converted into building components such as floors, walls, roofs, and curtain systems Working with masses is covered in greater detail in Getting Started The Massing and Site tab The Conceptual Mass panel on the Massing & Site tab holds tools for placing mass families or starting in-place masses Place Mass Lesson Plan – Revit User Interface, Building Elements, and Family Component Intro Page |6 Place Mass enables you to load in predefined mass families from the Revit library Masses placed in a project this way have properties you can edit In-Place Mass Lesson Plan – Revit User Interface, Building Elements, and Family Component Intro Page |7 In-Place Mass opens the Model-In-Place Mass tab Here you can create a combination of solid or void forms to define a named mass object Create Building Elements from Masses Model by Face opens tools to create building elements such as floors, walls, roofs, and curtain systems by selecting faces of, or within, masses Vertical exteriors can be converted to walls using Model by Face > Wall When a mass has been placed or created in a project, you can create a Mass Floor for each level that can then be converted into a floor Lesson Plan – Revit User Interface, Building Elements, and Family Component Intro Page |8 Mass Floors can be converted to floors using Model by Face > Floor Lesson Plan – Revit User Interface, Building Elements, and Family Component Intro Page |9 Model by Face > Curtain System enables you to convert nonvertical or torqued faces into editable panel systems that can become finished walls Model by Face > Roof converts horizontal or nearly horizontal faces into roofs Lesson Plan – Revit User Interface, Building Elements, and Family Component Intro P a g e | 10 110 7) Close the file without saving 111 112 113 In this exercise, you opened a project file, and 114 then viewed, hid, and displayed tabs on the 115 ribbon 116 117 Exercise: Context Tabs 118 119 This exercise illustrates how to explore tools and 120 commands on context tabs 121 135 136 137 The graphics display changes to show the 138 Level Floor Plan 139 3) Click any interior wall The Modify | Walls 140 context tab opens 141 122 123 The completed exercise 124 125 Context Tabs 126 1) Click the Open File icon on the Quick Access 127 toolbar 128 129 130 Open file: 131 RevitIntro_Exercise02.rvt 132 2) The file opens to a 3D view Open view 133 Floor Plan Level In the Project Browser, double-click the view name 134 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 4) Click the door in the upper left of the model 150 The Modify | Doors context tab opens 151 152 153 5) Click and drag the cursor outside the perimeter 154 of the model 155 Lesson Plan – Revit User Interface, Building Elements, and Family Component Intro P a g e | 47 156 157 You are selecting everything visible; all the 158 walls, doors, and windows highlight blue 159 6) The Modify | Multi-Select context tab opens 160 Note that is has fewer panels and tools than the 161 tabs for specific elements Click Filter panel > 162 Filter 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 7) Clear Walls and Doors Click OK 181 182 183 184 You are creating a filtered selection set of just 185 the windows in the view 186 8) The context tab changes to Modify | Windows 187 188 On the Properties palette, the Type Selector list 189 reads Fixed: 36" x 48" 190 191 Click the down arrow next to the thumbnail 192 icon to open the Type list Select Fixed: 24" 193 x 48" from the list to change all the selected 194 windows to this type 195 196 197 198 Click anywhere in the view to clear the 199 selection set Select any window to verify that it 200 has changed type 201 202 203 204 205 Lesson Plan – Revit User Interface, Building Elements, and Family Component Intro P a g e | 48 206 207 9) Click any door On the Modify | Doors context 208 tab, click Create panel > Create Similar 209 210 211 10) On the Properties palette, the Type Selector 212 shows Single-Flush 36" x 84" selected Select 213 Single-Flush 30" x 80" from the list 214 215 216 11) Place a door as shown 217 218 • Click Modify | Place Door tab > Select panel > Modify to terminate the Door tool 219 220 221 12) Save the file as: 222 RevitIntro_Exercise02_finished.rvt 223 224 In this exercise, you opened a project file, examined 225 the menus and toolbars, and used the Options Bar to change a selection set of elements 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 Lesson Plan – Revit User Interface, Building Elements, and Family Component Intro P a g e | 49 • • • • • 260 262 Working with Views and Objects 263 264 About This Lesson 265 266 After completing this lesson, you will be able to: Use View Controls and Graphic Display options Load and place component families Modify a standard family to create a new family type Create a new in-place family 261 267 268 Work with Views and Objects 269 270 This lesson explores Revit views and model objects In the exercises, you: Change the display in Revit by opening different views Revit provides floor plan, ceiling plan, and 271 elevation views by default You can create sections, drafting views, schedules, and 3D views using 272 the View menu Views can be added to your drawing sheets • • Control how things appear on your screen using View Properties Navigate around your screen (Zoom, Pan, and so on) using your cursor combined with the selected 273 View tool • Work with Revit families Revit uses the term family to denote a collection of controls and 274 parameters System families include levels, building elements (walls, floors), operating settings, 275 annotations, lines, display controls, templates, and views Component families include model 276 objects (furniture, mechanical equipment), either predefined or user-created 277 278 Exercises View Controls Work with Families Create Custom Families • • • 279 280 281 284 287 290 Key Terms component family ribbon view navigation 282 285 288 menus system family view properties 283 286 289 options bar toolbars zoom 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 Lesson Plan – Revit User Interface, Building Elements, and Family Component Intro P a g e | 50 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 Exercise: View Controls A building model, even a small one, is an extensive database There is no way to see everything in it Views are filters through which you can see representations of the database elements in graphic or table form View controls enable you to adjust the display of individual views to see and represent the model as you desire 326 The display changes Four elevation markers 327 are visible 328 3) Use your keyboard to enter VV This is a 329 shortcut to open the View Graphics/Visibility 330 dialog box VG also opens the dialog box 331 The dialog box opens with the Model 332 Categories on top 333 334 309 309 309 309 309 310 311 312 313 314 The completed exercise 315 316 Visibility 317 1) Open file: 318 RevitIntro_Exercise03.rvt 319 320 First, you practice with Zoom and Detail Level 321 controls in a plan view 322 2) The file opens to Floor Plan view Level Rightclick in the view window Click Zoom to Fit 323 335 • Click the Annotation Categories tab Clear the check mark next to Elevations Click OK 336 337 338 339 The elevation markers disappear from the view 340 Right-click Click Zoom to Fit • 341 4) Right-click Click Zoom In Region 342 324 325 361 You will change visibility of elements in another 362 plan view 363 6) In the Project Browser, select 364 Ceiling Plan Level Right-click Click Open 365 343 344 345 Click and drag the cursor as shown The display 346 is enlarged to show the area you defined 347 348 349 350 You can also use the scroll wheel on a mouse to 351 zoom in and out 352 5) On the View Control Bar, click Detail Level 353 Select Detail Level: Medium 354 355 356 357 The interior walls will now display lines to 358 differentiate studs and drywall 359 • Enter ZF This is a shortcut for Zoom to Fit 360 366 367 • Zoom to Fit 368 7) Select the roof outline Hold down the CTRL 369 key and window-select an elevation marker 370 There are two parts to an elevation, so be sure 371 to select them both 372 8) Enter VH This is a shortcut to turn off visibility 373 for the categories of selected objects It is 374 the same as the multistep procedure you 375 performed in step 376 377 There is also a Hide Category button on the 378 View Graphics panel of the Modify | Multi379 Select tab 380 381 • On the Navigation Bar at the right of the view window, click the Zoom list > Zoom to Fit 382 383 384 385 Note that in Reflected Ceiling plans, doors and 386 windows are not shown 387 388 View Properties 389 9) Open the Level Floor Plan view This view is 390 not particularly useful in its current setup You 391 simplify it into a Roof Plan 392 393 Turn off visibility of the elevations, as before 394 Click Zoom to Fit 395 403 404 • Click APPLY 405 406 The Underlay enables you to display floors 407 other than the current one for purposes of 408 checking alignment 409 11) Scroll to the Extents subsection of the palette 410 Next to View Range, click Edit 396 397 398 The Properties palette to the left of the View 399 Window displays View Properties 400 10) On the Properties palette, change the Underlay 401 value to None 402 411 412 • Set the cut plane value to 7' - 0" 413 414 425 426 427 Graphic Display Options 428 13) Open Elevation view South Zoom in to make 429 the house fill the screen 430 415 • Click OK twice to exit the dialog box 416 417 All model views in Revit are 3D The View Range governs which physical elevations are used for the top and bottom of plan views, and where the cut plane sits By setting the cut plane to a level higher than the peak of the roof, the ridge is now visible 418 12) Select the name of the Level Floor Plan in the 419 Project Browser Right-click Click Rename 420 431 432 Elevation views are covered in more detail in an intermediate fundamentals module 433 14) On the View Control Bar > Visual Style, select 434 Shaded 435 436 437 421 • For Name, enter Roof Click OK Click Yes in the question box about renaming other views 422 438 439 440 441 442 15) On the View Control Bar > Graphic Display 443 Options, select Shadows On 423 424 444 445 446 16) Click Sun Path toggle in View Control toolbar and select Sun Settings… 447 448 449 450 Mark 1: Select Still 451 Mark 2: Select Winter Solstice 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 Mark 3: Set time of day to 12:00pm 464 Mark 4: Click OK 465 466 467 468 469 470 17) Save the file as: 471 RevitIntro_Exercise03_finished.rvt 472 473 In this exercise, you opened a project file and adjusted visibility characteristics in multiple views You also changed View Properties and used Advanced Model Graphics 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 Exercise: Work With Families 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 In this exercise, you open an existing project file, and use a Revit family to place a door This exercise illustrates how you locate, load, and place Revit families In Revit, objects can be defined as hosted (for example, doors and windows are dependent on walls), or stand-alone (for example, furniture) Revit provides you with the basic building components to be used in constructing residential, commercial, or institutional structures Additionally, Revit has a free online library that you can use to expand your designs even more These components are called families and there are several different types There are system families, standard families, and in-place families 509 510 • A system family, such as levels, walls, and floors, is predefined within Revit You can modify and define new types of system families by modifying the existing parameters 511 • A loadable family can be created by defining 512 the geometry and parameters in the Family 513 Editor Doors, windows, roofs, floors, railings, 514 lights, furniture, and annotations are examples 515 of standard families Many different types can be 516 made for each family and used throughout the 517 project 518 • In-place families are created within the project 519 and are dependent upon the model geometry 520 521 Designers who become proficient in Revit will create their own families of doors, windows, and furniture, and so on Revit families are similar to multiview objects in AutoCAD Architecture, except they are fully parametric and table-driven 522 523 524 The completed exercise 525 526 527 Use the Revit Library 528 1) Open file: 529 RevitIntro_Exercise04.rvt 530 531 Open Floor Plan view Level 532 2) You add closet doors to interior walls 533 On the Architecture tab, Build panel, click Door 534 535 536 537 Doors are considered a loadable family entity 538 3) Click Modify | Place Door tab > Mode panel > 539 Load Family This button enables you to access 540 families that are currently not loaded into your 541 project 542 543 544 Your file browser automatically opens to a 545 default library based on the units selected 546 when Revit was installed 547 548 You have families available in many different categories such as Doors, Furniture, and Annotation 549 • Family files have a file extension of *.rfa 550 • Project files have a file extension of *.rvt 551 4) Click the Doors folder Click Open 552 553 554 5) If you highlight a door family, you will see a 555 preview of what the door looks like in the 556 Preview window 557 558 Locate Double Panel 2.rfa Click Open 559 560 561 6) You see the family you just loaded listed in the 562 Type Selector of the Properties palette It has 563 a number of different sizes defined Accept the 564 default size 565 566 567 568 On the Modify | Place Door tab, Tag panel, 569 verify that Tag on Placement is not selected 570 (white background) The Door Insertion tool stays active 571 572 573 574 As you move your cursor near any wall, a door 575 appears along with temporary dimensions The 576 temporary dimensions display the location of 577 the door placement Revit snaps weakly to the 578 midpoint of walls You click to place an instance 579 of the door family 580 7) Place an instance of the door as shown It 581 snaps to the midpoint of the wall, but not 582 strongly Your dimensions will probably differ 583 from those shown The door is placed facing 584 the side of the wall where you click 585 586 587 You can flip the door by using the blue directional arrows Temporary dimensions display until you place another door or terminate the Door tool by selecting Modify 588 589 The dimensions redisplay if you select the door 590 again 591 592 To edit a temporary dimension and relocate 593 the door, simply click it An edit box displays in 594 which you can enter a new value 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 8) Place two more instances of the door as 611 shown 612 618 619 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 613 614 615 9) Save file as: 616 RevitIntro_Exercise04_finished.rvt 617 651 In this exercise, you located, loaded, and placed instances of a door family Exercise: Create Custom Families In this exercise, you open an existing project file, modify a door family, and create an inplace family 652 The completed exercise 653 654 Modify an Existing Family 655 1) Open file: 656 RevitIntro_Exercise05.rvt 657 658 The file opens to Floor Plan view Level 659 2) Select the double door as shown 660 661 662 This door needs to be 48" wide The Type 663 Selector lists the available sizes for this door 664 type The required width is not available 665 672 673 5) For Name, enter 48" x 80" Click OK 674 675 676 677 678 679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 6) Edit the Height and Width dimension fields as 689 shown You can enter inch values if you put " 690 after the digits (as in 80") Revit adjusts them to 691 foot-inch readings 692 666 667 3) Click Properties palette > Edit Type 693 694 • Click OK twice to exit the dialog boxes 695 696 The door updates 668 669 4) In the Type Properties dialog box, click 670 Duplicate 671 697 • Click Modify to end command 698 699 Create an In-Place Family 700 In our hypothetical design, imagine that the client has an heirloom grandfather clock and wants it to be a featured part of the main hall 701 702 The most effective way to make sure that space is allowed, and to provide a way to see a representation of the clock in interior elevations, is to create a component family in place 703 7) On the Architecture tab, Build panel, click Component > Model In-Place 704 705 706 8) In the dialog box, select Generic Models Click OK 707 708 709 9) For Name, enter Hall Clock Click OK 710 711 712 10) The ribbon changes to the Family Editor 713 environment Click Create tab > Forms panel > Extrusion 714 715 716 11) On the Properties palette, set the Extrusion End 717 value to 6" The Depth field on the Options Bar 718 updates 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 12) On the Draw panel, click Rectangle 728 729 730 • Draw a rectangle approximately 1' x 1' - 4" as shown The exact dimensions and location are not critical 731 732 13) Click Mode panel > Finish (green check mark) 733 You have created the base of the clock 734 752 753 18) The family model updates 735 736 14) Click Create tab > Forms panel > Extrusion as before 737 • Set the Extrusion Start value to 6" and the 738 Extrusion End value to 5' 6" 739 740 741 • Click OK 742 15) Set the Lines mode to Rectangle with an Offset 743 of - 2" Revit will display - 0' 2" 744 745 746 16) Sketch a rectangle inside the previous one, as 747 shown 748 749 17) Click Mode panel > Finish as before Click In750 Place Editor panel > Finish Model 751 754 755 19) Save file as: 756 RevitIntro_Exercise05_finished.rvt 757 758 In this exercise, you located, loaded, and placed 759 a door family You also created an inplace family using Extrusions 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 ... authorities with comprehensible 3D sketches early in the design process is important to the success of a project Revit has tools that enable designers to create 3D building shapes, or masses,... than shown Lesson Plan – Revit User Interface, Building Elements, and Family Component Intro P a g e | 22 Revit Screen Display This lesson shows you specific areas of the Revit user interface and... and Objects 269 270 This lesson explores Revit views and model objects In the exercises, you: Change the display in Revit by opening different views Revit provides floor plan, ceiling plan, and