Tài liệu The Essence of Object-Oriented Programming with Java and UML pptx

Contents The Essence of Object Oriented Programming with Java and UML by Bruce E. Wampler, Ph.D. Contents Preface Why This Book? Who Is This Book For? Overview of Chapters About the Author Acknowledgements Chapter 1: Objects, UML, and Java Introduction Object Orientation Object-Oriented Languages Object-Oriented Design and the UML The Payoff of Objects Chapter Summary Chapter 2: The Essence of Objects What Is an Object-Oriented System? file:///C|/oobook/EOOPTOC.html (1 of 8) [13/03/2003 02:55:02 }Ç Contents Fundamental Properties of an Object-Oriented System Abstraction with Objects Encapsulated Classes Communication via messages Object Lifetime Class Hierarchies Polymorphism An Example - Putting it All Together Other OO Concepts Abstract Classes Visibility of Methods Class vs. Instance Accessing Objects A Low-Level View of Objects Chapter Summary Resources Object-Orientation UML Chapter 3: Objects in Java Defining Classes in Java Visibility Inheritance Association, Aggregation, and Composition Java Interfaces Object lifetime in Java Constructors Garbage collection Memory leaks Class vs. Instance methods and attributes Copies of Objects Messages Chapter Summary Resources file:///C|/oobook/EOOPTOC.html (2 of 8) [13/03/2003 02:55:02 }Ç Contents Java Chapter 4: Object-Oriented Analysis and Design Software Methodologies The Elements of a Software Project The Essence of Object-Oriented Analysis Object Discovery Evaluate Candidate Objects Determine Object Hierarchies Discover Object Attributes Discover Object Operations The Essence of Object-Oriented Design Some Design Guidelines Get The Big Picture Encapsulation Designing Classes Inheritance General Guidelines The Build and Release Phases Building the Software Releasing the Software More on the UML Chapter Summary Resources OOAD CRC Chapter 5: Object-Oriented Graphical User Interfaces with Swing Graphical User Interfaces A Typical Application Dialog Boxes Events file:///C|/oobook/EOOPTOC.html (3 of 8) [13/03/2003 02:55:02 }Ç Contents A Brief Introduction to Swing Handling Swing Command Events A Bunch of Options MVC: Model, View, Controller MVC with Java A Small Swing MVC GUI Framework A Simple Application Based on Wmvc UML Sequence Diagram for Thermometer Chapter Summary Resources Swing Chapter 6: A Case Study in Java Analysis of MovieCat Use Cases Object, Attribute, and Operation Discovery Evaluation Design of MovieCat Movie Class MovieModel Class View Classes Putting It All Together Implementation of MovieCat MovieCat Class Movie Class MovieModel Class MainView Class MovieListView Class MovieItemView Class MovieEditor Class Movie Helper Classes Review Chapter Summary file:///C|/oobook/EOOPTOC.html (4 of 8) [13/03/2003 02:55:02 }Ç Contents Chapter 7: Design Patterns What are Design Patterns? Using Design Patterns Design Pattern Description Template The Gang of Four Patterns Creational Patterns Structural Patterns Behavioral Patterns Example Design Patterns used by Wmvc and MovieCat MVC Observer Pattern Observer Pattern in Wmvc Command Pattern in Wmvc Other Patterns used in Wmvc and MovieCat Chapter Summary Resources Chapter 8: Refactoring What is Refactoring? The Basic Refactoring Process When Do You Refactor? Code Smells When not to refactor Some Refactorings Refactoring Categories Some Specific Refactorings Chapter Summary Resources Chapter 9: Software Development Methodologies Methodologies for Large Scale Projects Overview of the Unified Process file:///C|/oobook/EOOPTOC.html (5 of 8) [13/03/2003 02:55:02 }Ç Contents Basic Concepts Agile Methodologies for Small Projects The Agile Alliance eXtreme Programming DSDM Crystal - Adaptive Software Development Open Source Development Open Source is Distributed Development Resources Methodologies Web Sites Chapter 10: Software Tools for Object-Oriented Development GUIs vs. Consoles Editors and IDEs Emacs Vi Integrated Development Environments VIDE Borland JBuilder Sun Forte Other IDEs Source code control CASE, Modeling, and UML Tools ArgoUML MagicDraw Rational Software TogetherSoft Other UML Tools Other Java Tools JUnit Jikes file:///C|/oobook/EOOPTOC.html (6 of 8) [13/03/2003 02:55:02 }Ç Contents Chapter 11: Programming - A Personal Perspective Programming Your Code Never Dies Program With Style Know What You Are Doing Write Practice Programs Practice Incremental Programming The Tools Matter Objects Really Help Testing Debugging Don't Reinvent the Wheel Sometimes It is Better to Do It Yourself You Can Get Ideas Any Time Get A Life A Plan Matters The Tools Your Editor Really Matters Know About the Time-Tested Tools Know About the Latest Tools Tools Go Away The Work Environment A Happy Programmer is a Productive Programmer Physical Environment Flexibility 40 Hours The Team Marketing Matters Keep Up To Date Share the Struggle Let Programmers Help Make Policy Let Your Boss Know What You Need The Reference Software Story Programming Resources Use The Web file:///C|/oobook/EOOPTOC.html (7 of 8) [13/03/2003 02:55:02 }Ç Contents Watch Out for the Web Use Open Source, If You Can Other Programmers Web Sites Chapter 12: What Next? Object Orientation Java More Terms You Need To Know Distributed Computing Java Related Terms from Sun Other Terms Glossary med for Flyheart file:///C|/oobook/EOOPTOC.html (8 of 8) [13/03/2003 02:55:02 }Ç Why This Book? Preface Why This Book? The goal of this book is to cover the essence of what you need to know to develop object-oriented software using Java and UML. When you are through with this book, you should understand object- oriented software development well enough to answer the following questions: ● What is object orientation? ● What is the UML? ● What is Object-Oriented Analysis and Design? ● How do you do OOAD? ● What are object-oriented development methodologies? ● How do you use Java to write truly object-oriented programs? ● What is Swing, and how can you use it to write object-oriented graphical user interfaces? ● What are design patterns? ● What is refactoring? ● What tools do you use to write object-oriented programs? ● What are some guidelines for writing good code? ● What do I need to read next to learn even more about object orientation? Who Is This Book For? This book is intended for programmers who know the basics of file:///C|/oobook/Preface.html (1 of 6) [13/03/2003 02:55:04 }Ç Why This Book? programming with Java, and now want to understand the fundamentals of object-oriented software development. If you're fairly new to programming, and have had a class or two in Java, you're probably starting to feel comfortable using Java. So now, you're ready to really reap the benefits of true object-orientated programming in Java, and this book will help you. If you're an experienced programmer who wants to move from using an old style procedural programming language to developing object- oriented systems in Java, this book is also for you. This book will get you well down the path to real object-oriented software development. You will likely be able to learn the most important aspects of Java from the examples included in this book if you have a Java manual available for quick reference. However, this book should not be the last one you read on object orientation, the UML, or Java. Instead, it should give you the essential understanding of objects so you can read more advanced and detailed books on the topic with greater purpose. Overview of Chapters Chapter 1 is a brief introduction to objects and the benefits of object- oriented software development. Chapter 2 covers the fundamental concepts of object orientation. Object orientation has many important concepts, and of course, its own vocabulary. It is very important for you to understand the main concepts, and to be familiar with the specialized vocabulary. Even if you already are familiar with some object-oriented concepts, you should review them in this chapter. Chapter 3 covers how to use Java to write object-oriented programs. It is not really a Java tutorial, but rather concentrates on using Java to file:///C|/oobook/Preface.html (2 of 6) [13/03/2003 02:55:04 }Ç [...]... item the user selects, or what the user does with the mouse, different parts of the program will be executed The messages corresponding to a menu pick or mouse gesture originate with the GUI system, and are sent to the appropriate program objects, which then have the responsibility to respond with some action The order and timing of these messages is determined by the actions of the user, and not by the. .. solve all the problems of software development, it makes the development easier, and the long-term maintenance much easier The result is a real gain in programming productivity It is well worth the effort to learn object-oriented software development The goal of this book is to introduce you to the essence of object orientation without overwhelming you with all the details of a specific object-oriented. .. everything together with a case study of a small Java application The fundamental OOAD concepts covered in Chapter 4 are used to design the application, and the Java and Swing concepts covered in Chapter 3 and 5 are used for the implementation The remainder of the book is less comprehensive in its treatment The goal is to give you a good overview of the practical aspects of objectoriented programming. .. includes the means of accessing and changing the state of individual object members of that class A common representation of color is called RGB, where the color is specified by the values of its red, green, and blue components One possible design of a class called Color could provide the means of manipulating the color by both retrieving and setting the RGB values of a Color object In an object-oriented. .. community The UML has become the de facto standard object-oriented notation The UML is designed for discussing object-oriented design Its ability to show objects and object relationships is especially useful, and will be used in examples throughout this book The various features of the UML will be introduced as needed The Payoff of Objects Object orientation can lead to big payoffs in the software development... the Java garbage collector The creation point of an object is under program control, but the exact moment when an object ceases to exist cannot be determined because of the way the Java garbage collector works Basic UML Class Notation The basic UML notation for a class is a rectangle with three horizontal parts The top part is used to hold the name of the class The middle part shows attributes, and the. .. each Java class is defined in a separate file The attributes of a class are defined by the declaration of variables of various types such as int or boolean A Java class includes the definitions of the methods used to implement the behaviors of the class The method definitions are integral parts of the class definition Communication via messages Messages are how objects communicate with each other Any... design and maintain over time Object-Oriented Languages There are several object-oriented programming languages available to choose from, including Smalltalk, Eiffel, C++, Objective C, Objective Pascal, Java, Ada, and even a version of Lisp There are two clear marketplace winners, C++ and Java Today, Java is the emerging object-oriented language of choice for many programmers and software projects One of. .. of 7) [13/03/2003 02:55:04 }Ç Chapter 1 The UML originated in the mid-1990's from the efforts of James Rumbaugh, Ivar Jacobson, and Grady Booch (The Three Amigos) There is a standard specification of the UML coordinated by the Object Management Group (www.omg.org) OMG is an industry sponsored organization devoted to supporting vendor-neutral standards for the object-oriented development community The. .. Encapsulation is one of the most important aspects of OO It is what allows each object to be independent The exact implementation of attributes and of object behavior is hidden from the rest of the world through encapsulation The class definition is the main programming tool that is used to implement encapsulation A class is a description of a collection of objects with common attributes, behavior, and responsibilities . }Ç Contents Java Chapter 4: Object-Oriented Analysis and Design Software Methodologies The Elements of a Software Project The Essence of Object-Oriented. Sun Forte Other IDEs Source code control CASE, Modeling, and UML Tools ArgoUML MagicDraw Rational Software TogetherSoft Other UML Tools Other Java Tools