...VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HA NOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES PHÍ THỊ THU TRANG A STUDY OF WATER AND FIRE AS METAPHORS IN AMERICAN AND VIETNAMESE. .. in American and Vietnamese short stories of the 20th century 12 2.1 The popularity of water and fire as metaphors 12 2.2 The formation of metaphors of water and fire ... Metaphor in literature 1.3 American short stories of the 20th century 1.4 Vietnamese short stories of the 20th century 10 Chapter 2: Water and fire as metaphors in American