Tài liệu Master the Gre 2010 - Part 45 pptx

20. How many ounces of soy sauce must be added to an 18-ounce mixture of peanut sauce and soy sauce consisting of 32% peanut sauce in order to create a mixture that is 12% peanut sauce? (A) 21 (B) 24 3 4 (C) 26 2 3 (D) 30 (E) 38 2 5 21. B A C Column A Column B x°+y° z° (A) The quantity in Column A is greater. (B) The quantity in Column B is greater. (C) The quantities are equal. (D) The relationship cannot be determined from the information given. 22. p . 0 . q Column A Column B p + qpq (A) The quantity in Column A is greater. (B) The quantity in Column B is greater. (C) The quantities are equal. (D) The relationship cannot be determined from the information given. 23. Distribution D = {3,6,9,10} Column A Column B The range of D The median of D (A) The quantity in Column A is greater. (B) The quantity in Column B is greater. (C) The quantities are equal. (D) The relationship cannot be determined from the information given. practicetest Practice Test 2 423 . www.petersons.com 24. At a particular ice cream parlor, customers can choose among five different ice cream flavors and may choose either a sugar cone or a waffle cone. Considering ice cream flavor and cone type, but NOT the arrangement of ice cream scoops, how many distinct triple-scoop cones with three different ice cream flavors are available? (A) 10 (B) 20 (C) 25 (D) 40 (E) 50 Questions 25 and 26 refer to the following table. 25. Based on the table, which of the following does NOT describe sales of at least 10,000 automobiles? (A) All U.S. institution sales of the standard and deluxe models (B) All consumer sales of the basic and deluxe model (C) All foreign institution sales (D) All foreign sales of the standard model (E) All institution sales of the standard model 26. Assume that total revenue from sales of the standard model exceeded total revenue from sales of the basic model by $41 million. The average sales price of a standard model exceeded the average price of a basic model by approximately (A) $2,500 (B) $3,000 (C) $3,600 (D) $4,400 (E) It cannot be determined from the information given. PART VI: Five Practice Tests424 . www.petersons.com 27. The figure above shows a solid cube 3 inches on a side but with a 1-inch square hole cut through it. How many square inches is the total surface area of the resulting solid figure? (A) 24 (B) 42 (C) 52 (D) 64 (E) 66 28. x ,21 Column A Column B x 3 2 x 2 x 2 2 x (A) The quantity in Column A is greater. (B) The quantity in Column B is greater. (C) The quantities are equal. (D) The relationship cannot be determined from the information given. practicetest Practice Test 2 425 . www.petersons.com ANSWER KEY AND EXPLANATIONS Analytical Writing ISSUE TASK: EVALUATION AND SCORING Evaluate your Issue task essay on a scale of 0 to 6 (6 being the highest score) according to the following five criteria: Does your essay develop a position on the issue through the use of incisive reasons and persuasive examples? Are your essay’s ideas conveyed clearly and articulately? Does your essay maintain proper focus on the issue, and is it well organized? Does your essay demonstrate proficiency, fluency, and maturity in its use of sentence structure, vocabulary, and idiom? Does your essay demonstrate command of the elements of Standard Written English, including grammar, word usage, spelling, and punctuation? ARGUMENT TASK: EVALUATION AND SCORING Evaluate your Argument task essay on a scale of 0 to 6 (6 being the highest score) according to the following five criteria: Does your essay identify and articulate the argument’s key unstated assump- tions? Does your essay explain how the argument relies on these unstated assumptions, and what the implications are if these assumptions are unwarranted? Does your essay develop its ideas in a clear, organized manner, with appropriate transitions to help connect ideas together? Does your essay demonstrate proficiency, fluency, and maturity in its use of sentence structure, vocabulary, and idiom? Does your essay demonstrate command of the elements of Standard Written English, including grammar, word usage, spelling, and punctuation? To help you evaluate your essay in terms of criteria 1 and 2, the following is a series of questions that identify five distinct unstated assumptions upon which the argument relies. To earn a score of 4 or higher, your essay should identify and explain at least three of these assumptions. Identifying and explaining at least four of the unstated assumptions would help earn you an even higher score. • Do Maxtech employees, at least those whose claims Workforce cites, constitute a sufficiently representative statistical sample of the entire private-sector work- force? (Perhaps these Maxtech employees were more receptive or responsive to Workforce’s particular methods than the average private-sector worker would be.) • Is the report from Workforce Systems credible? (Perhaps the company overstates the benefits of its seminars in order to attract clients.) PART VI: Five Practice Tests426 . www.petersons.com • Was the seminar the actual cause of the improved level of contentment among the participants from Maxtech? (The answer might depend on how much time has passed since the seminar, whether Maxtech’s participants have the same jobs as before, and whether the seminar is designed to help workers become more content to begin with.) • Are the claims by Maxtech’s employees credible? (Perhaps they felt pressure to exaggerate the benefits of the seminar or falsely report improvement in order to take time off from work to enroll again in the seminar.) • Might the argument assume that all other conditions remain unchanged? (Overall productivity of the economy’s private sector depends also on many extrinsic factors having nothing to do with the benefits of these types of seminars.) answers practicetest2 Practice Test 2 427 . www.petersons.com Verbal Reasoning 1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. E 6. E 7. D 8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. B 13. E 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. E 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. C 22. D 23. C 24. (i) integral (ii) history or tradition 25. A 26. E 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. B 1. The correct answer is (A). Propo- nents of urban development would oppose the idea that urban devel- opment fosters crime. So the “mechanism” referred to in the sen- tence might either function, react, or emerge, but not disappear or fail. The sentence cites anonymity and population density as examples of the second missing word. It makes no sense to characterize these examples either as cities or criminals, and of the two remaining choices, choice (B) is weaker than choice (A) on two counts. First, the sentence as a whole does not strongly support the use of the word react; what the mechanisms might react to is neither stated nor inferred in the sentence. Second, while a trait is properly referred to as “found,” a factor is not (factors typically “come into play”). So choice (B) makes for an improper idiomatic expression. 2. The correct answer is (C). ABRUPT means “unexpectedly sudden.” The closest antonym among the five choices is gradual. 3. The correct answer is (D). COR- NUCOPIA means “abundance”—the opposite of sparseness. 4. The correct answer is (B). Some- thing AUSTERE is “severe, harsh, or forbidding”—the opposite of for- giving. 5. The correct answer is (E). This is an “inherent function” analogy. The function of a TEACHER is to provide INSTRUCTION for another; simi- larly, the function of a guard is to provide protection for another. As for choice (D), although the “function” of a student might be said to learn, it is not to provide learning for another. So choice (D) is not as strong an analogy as choice (E). 6. The correct answer is (E). The two parts of the sentence paraphrase the same idea. Therefore, the first blank should correspond to the idea of “the things they most deeply cherish” in the second half of the sen- tence, while the second blank should correspond to “myths.” The word pair values and stories works well. 7. The correct answer is (D). The word LACKLUSTER means “lacking luster.” Its antonym lustrous means “brilliant, radiant, or bright.” 8. The correct answer is (D). This is a “part-to-whole” analogy. A COG (gear or gear-tooth) is one of several PART VI: Five Practice Tests428 . www.petersons.com types of components that together make a WATCH operate; similarly, a manager is one of many types of workers who contribute to the operation of a bureaucracy (a large, structured organization). 9. The correct answer is (B). This is one form of an “operates against” analogy. To QUELL is to suppress or put down, an act that eliminates an UPRISING; similarly, to quench is to completely satisfy a thirst, an act that eliminates it. 10. The correct answer is (A). This is a “form of” (degree or extent) analogy. PIVOTAL means “extremely IMPORTANT,” just as draconian means “extremely stern.” The analogy is based on degree. 11. The correct answer is (C). As the passage indicates, dendrochrono- logical studies involve analyzing tree rings. Although the wood from trees might have been used for creating items which are now considered archeological artifacts, the author does not indicate explicitly that tree rings are studied for the purpose of dating such artifacts. 12. The correct answer is (B). In the second paragraph, the author men- tions choices (A), (C), (D), and (E) as problems with radiocarbon dating. Nowhere in the passage, however, does the author mention any problem involving sample deterio- ration. 13. The correct answer is (E). RANCOR is a “feeling of hostility or antagonism toward another”; affection is a “feeling of fondness toward another.” 14. The correct answer is (D). The best word for the second blank must suggest how the articles about “medical problems” related to the “heartwarming stories” that first appeared. It makes sense that sobering accounts would counter- balance heartwarming stores. 15. The correct answer is (B). Most of the passage—the entire second and third paragraphs—is concerned with examining the factors affecting the climate of various portions of the Andean cordillera. The first para- graph provides a framework for this discussion by describing the climate and topography of the various regions. 16. The correct answer is (A). The high-altitude plateaus are called altiplano. The passage states explicitly that the soil fertility in the northern altiplano is generally good. 17. The correct answer is (E). The passage points out that while air temperature generally decreases as altitude increases, “variability of mountain topography”—i.e., dra- matic changes in elevation—makes it difficult to determine temperature in any given spot from widely spaced measurements. It can be reasonably inferred from this information that an unexpected temperature would probably be the result of unexpected altitude. 18. The correct answer is (D). The only discussion of mountain sym- metry is in the first paragraph, which mentions the symmetry in climate between the east and west flanks of the Northern Andes moun- tains. No mention is made anywhere answers practicetest2 Practice Test 2 429 . www.petersons.com in the passage of any symmetry with respect to the Central Andes moun- tains. On the other hand, choices (A), (B), (C), and (E) are all mentioned in the passage as factors affecting the climate of the Central Andes cor- dillera. 19. The correct answer is (A). Skin that is WAN is pale, or lacking color; skin that is flushed is characterized by glowing or a reddish color (as when a person blushes). 20. The correct answer is (B). This is a “result of” (process and product) analogy. When engaging in the art of SCULPTURE, especially wood sculpture, the artist produces a SHAVING, which is a byproduct of the sculpting process. When a person commits a burglary, the burglar’s arrest is a possible result, or byproduct. Another key to this analogy is that in neither case is the result the actor’s main objective or intention. 21. The correct answer is (C). The word “yet,” which begins the sen- tence’s second clause, tells you to look for a contrast between the two parts of the sentence. The missing word must suggest a difference between the two writers rather than another similarity. Of the five choices, only distinctly different serves this purpose. 22. The correct answer is (D). This is a “result or product” analogy. The objective (final result) of a LOTTERY typically is a PRIZE, awarded to the lottery winner. Similarly, the objective (final result) of attending college typically is to be awarded a diploma. Choice (B) does not provide as strong an analogy—a loan, although it’s one possible reason to engage a bank, is not an award. 23. The correct answer is (C). This is a “defining characteristic” analogy. A person who is CIRCUMSPECT (cau- tious, wary, guarded, or watchful) is by definition characterized by VIGI- LANCE (watchfulness); similarly, a person who is ardent (zealous or eager) is by definition characterized by enthusiasm. 24. The correct answer is (i) integral and (ii) history or tradition. The idea of the first sentence is that his- toric buildings that cannot be made safe must often be demolished, because structural safety is essential (or integral) when it comes to a building used by the general public. The idea of the third sentence is that a building’s historic value (expressed more artfully, history or tradition) need not always be sacrificed for the sake of making the building safe for the public. 25. The correct answer is (A). In the preceding sentence, the author asserts that Turner’s and Jordan’s descriptions of restorationist ac- tivities “do not cohere well with the community participation model.” By following this assertion with the sug- gestion that another model might be more serviceable, you can reasonably infer that restorationists’ activities are more consistent with this other model than with the community par- ticipation model. 26. The correct answer is (E). In the first paragraph, the author refers to the “crucial question” about, or key problem with, the restorationists’ PART VI: Five Practice Tests430 . www.petersons.com program, which the author then elu- cidates in the second paragraph. 27. The correct answer is (C). The phrase “at least as much as” sets up comparison between theoretical and the first missing word. This word should express an idea that opposes theoretical. Choices (A), (C), and (D) are the only viable choices. The tran- sitional phrase “in that” signals that the first missing word should be a synonym for detect. This narrows the choices to (A) and (C). Now, consider the second word in each of these two answer choices. Disprove runs con- trary to the intended meaning of the sentence as a whole. Thus, choice (C) provides the best completion. 28. The correct answer is (A). This is a “place or environment for” analogy. You dig a QUARRY, or excavation pit, where raw materials such as MARBLE are located for the purpose of extracting the materials. Simi- larly, you construct a well where oil is located for the purpose of extracting the oil. 29. The correct answer is (C). This is a “possible use of” analogy. A SNORKEL is an apparatus designed to aid in DIVING, but it is not essential for that activity; similarly, a blade is an apparatus designed to aid skating, but it is not essential for that activity. 30. The correct answer is (B). EXAC- ERBATE has two common mean- ings: “provoke” and “intensify or heighten.” To lessen in degree is to do the opposite of intensify. answers practicetest2 Practice Test 2 431 . www.petersons.com Quantitative Reasoning 1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. D 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. A 11. C 12. B 13. 51.25 14. D 15. E 16. B 17. B 18. A 19. A 20. D 21. C 22. D 23. B 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 1. The correct answer is (C). To determine Quantity A, substitute the number 2 for a and for b in the cen- tered equation: (2 + 2)(2 2 2)=(4)(0)=0 Follow the same procedure for the quantity in Column B: (22+[22])(22 2 [22]) = (24)(0) = 0 The quantities in both columns equal zero (0). 2. The correct answer is (A). For any fractional number between zero (0) and 1, the number is less than its square root, which in turn is less than its cube root. 3. The correct answer is (A). A circle’s circumference is pd—the product of p (a bit greater than 3.1) and the circle’s diameter. If AB and CD were each as large as possible, they would each equal the circle’s diameter. Three times this length is still less than pd. 4. The correct answer is (D). 3x is a multiple of 3; thus, adding 5 to that number yields a number that is not a multiple of 3. Choice (A) is incorrect because x . 0 and therefore must equal 3 or some multiple of 3. Choices (B), (C), and (E) are incorrect because any integer multi- plied by 3 is a multiple of 3, and any multiple of 3 (such as 6 or 18) added to a multiple of 3 is also a multiple of 3. 5. The correct answer is (A). In choice (A), unequal quantities are subtracted from equal quantities. The differences are unequal, but the inequality is reversed because unequal numbers are being sub- tracted from rather than added to the equal numbers. 6. The correct answer is (D). Without knowing either interest rate, it is impossible to compute either quantity in order to make the comparison. 7. The correct answer is (C). There are 2 prime numbers between 10 and 15: 11 and 13. The integer 33 has 2 prime factors: 3 and 11. 8. The correct answer is (A). First, isolate y by dividing all terms by 3: yx=+ 1 6 1 . The equation is now in the standard form y = mx + b, where m is the line’s slope. The slope of the perpendicular line is the negative reciprocal of 1 6 ,or26. 9. The correct answer is (C). In 45 minutes, the boat traveled 9 (not 10) segments (from one buoy to the next). That means it takes the boat 5 minutes to travel the length of 1 segment. At buoy 10, 5 additional PART VI: Five Practice Tests432 . www.petersons.com . Therefore, the first blank should correspond to the idea of the things they most deeply cherish” in the second half of the sen- tence, while the second. contrast between the two parts of the sentence. The missing word must suggest a difference between the two writers rather than another similarity. Of the five