Solutions forstudent thesis transfering small timber into large timber production of acacia hybird in quang binh province

MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF FORESTRY THESIS SOLUTIONS FORSTUDENT TRANSFERING SMALL TIMBER INTO LARGE TIMBER PRODUCTION OF ACACIA HYBIRD IN QUANG BINH PROVINCE Major: Natural Resources Management Faculty: Forest Resources and Environmental Management Student: Nguyen Ngoc Thanh Huyen Student ID: 145 309 0588 Class: K59A - Natural Resources Management Course: 2014 - 2019 Advanced Education Program Developed in collaboration with Colorado State University, USA Supervisor: Assoc.Prof Dr Pham Minh Toai Ha Noi, October/2018 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH IN THE WORLD 1.1.1 Research on forest structure 1.1.2 Simulation research some basic forest structure laws 1.1.3 Research on technical elements related to forest transformation .5 1.1.4 Research on cutiting and nurturing the forest .6 1.2 OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH IN VIETNAM 1.2.1 Research on forest structure 1.2.2 Simulation research some basic forest structure laws 1.2.3 Research on technical elements related to forest transformation .8 1.2.4 Research on cutiting and nurturing the forest .9 1.2.5 Research on Acacia hybrid 10 GOALS AND SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES 11 2.1 GOALS 11 2.2 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES 11 STUDY AREA AND METHODS .11 3.1 SELECTION OF THE STUDY AREA 11 3.2 NATURAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF THE STUDY AREA .12 3.2.1 Natural conditions .12 3.2.2 Social and economic conditions .13 3.3 HISTORY OF ACACIA HYBRID PLANTATION .14 3.4 RESEARCH METHODS 15 3.4.1 Semi-quantitative interview methods 15 3.4.2 Data collection methods for the experimental area 15 3.5 METHODS OF DATA ANALYSIS 19 3.5.1 Market analysis of wood materials 19 3.5.2 Study on the structure of Acacia hybrid stands 19 STUDY RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 26 4.1 THE STRUCTURE OF ACACIA HYBRID STANDS 26 4.1.1 Age and trees density 26 4.1.2 Trees distribution by diameter at breast height ( ) .28 4.1.4 Determine the main exploitation age 32 4.1.5 Market analysis of Acacia hybrid wood materials in Quang Binh province .34 4.1.6 Evaluating economic efficiency 35 4.2 DETERMINING TECHNIQUE CRITERIA FOR TRANSFERING ACACIA HYBRID PLANTATION AND BUILDING TRANSFORMATION THEORY MODELS 36 4.2.1 Identifying the methods of transformation cutting 36 4.2.2 Identifying the time to begin cutting transformation 36 4.2.3 Identifying the phase between cutting times 38 4.2.4 Identifying the cutting times 40 4.2.5 Identifying the intensity of cutting times 40 4.2.6 Identifying the cutting intensity based on the number of trees 41 4.2.7 Identifying the intensity of cutting depend on the stock ( ) 41 4.2.8 Identifying the trees that need to be cutting .42 4.2.9 Creating theory models of transformation 43 4.3 VERIFYING THE THEORY MODELS FOR TRANSFORMATION 44 4.3.1 The transformation of stand structure 44 4.3.2 The transformation of average diameter of stands 49 4.3.3 Comparing between transformation and comparison plot 50 4.4 PROPOSE TECHNICAL GUIDELINES FOR TRANSFERING ACACIA HYBRID PLANTATION 53 4.4.1 Identification of specific factors of Acacia hybrid stands 53 4.4.2 Determing technical criteria of cutting 53 4.4.3 Designing cutting for transformation 54 CONCLUSIONS 54 LIMITATIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS 56 6.1 LIMITATIONS 56 6.2 RECOMMENDATIONS 56 APPENDIX .61 List of tables Table 3.1 Age class, site class and density level in the study area 17 Table 4.1: Statistics of standard cells based on site class, age class of Acacia hybrid in the study area .27 Table 4.2: Results of N/ distribution on Acacia hybrid plantation stands age class III and IV 28 Table 4.3: Results of the correlation between Table 4.4: Results of of - - on stands age level III 30 correlation of each stands at age class III 30 Table 4.5: Results of calculating maturity age for Acacia hybrid of age level III .32 Table 4.6: Analysis of Acacia hybrid wood materials in the market Table 4.7: Average price of Acacia hybrid wood depend on at present ( ) 35 Table 4.8: Economic efficiency of Acacia hybrid planted forest .35 Table 4.9: Economic efficiency of Acacia hybrid planted forest .36 Table 4.10: Average diamter and horizontal cross section growth of Acacia hybrid stands .37 Table 4.11: Results of calculating average growth of the stand canopy’s diameter and determine the time for second cutting of age class III 38 Table 4.12: Regulations on thinning techniques for growing Acacia hybrid plantations according to TCVN 11567-1: 2016 .39 Table 4.13: Time and cutting times for transfering of Acacia hybrid plantation .40 Table 4.14: Intensity of cutting for transformation of Acacia hybrid based on the number of trees of age class III .41 Table 4.15: Intensity of cutting for transformation of Acacia hybrid depend the stock of age class III ( 42 Table 4.16: Transformation of average diameter of Acacia hybrid stands in transformation plots 49 Table 4.17: Transformation of average diameter of Acacia hybrid stands in comparison plots .49 Table 4.18: Comparing ̅ of Acacia hybrid stands between transformation and comparison plots 51 Table 4.19: Testing homogeneity of ̅ in years bet transformation and comparison plots 51 List of figures Figure 3.1: The map of transformation and comparison plots distribution 18 Figure 3.2: Diameter of timber technology 21 Figure 3.3: Horizontal cross section of stand belongs age class III 22 Figure 4.1: Results of N/ distribution at stand plot 3E and 4D 28 Figure 4.2: Results of - correlation at stand plot 3A and 3B 30 Figure 4.3: Results of - correlation at stand plot 3A and 3B .31 Figure 4.4: The chain of wood material products 34 Figure 4.5: Determining cutting trees for transformation in horizontal cross section 40 Figure 4.6: Horizontal cross section of Acacia hybrid plantation after cutting for transformation 43 Figure 4.7: Results of comparing distribution at before cutting transformation (in 2016) and after cutting transformation (2018) 46 Figure 4.8: Results of comparing Figure 4.9: Comparing between distribution in 2016 and 2018 in comparison plots 48 distribution of the stands in transformation plots and comparison plots 50 List of Abbreviations TSFE Truong Son Forest Enterprise PRA Rapid Rural Appraisal RRA Participatory Rural Appraisal MONRE Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment MARD Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development FD Forest Department DARD Department of Agriculture and Rural Development LDFI co., Ltd Long Dai Forestry-Industry one member co., Ltd SPs Sample plots FSC Forest Stewardship Council The height of trees Diameter at breast height D Diameter N/ Diameter distribution follows the number of trees The correlation between the height and diameter of the trees The correlation between the canopy and diameter of the trees ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This thesis was completed at the Vietnam National University of Forestry follows undergraduate training programs in this course 2014-2019, natural resources management major (Advanced Education Program) This major was developed in collaboration with Colorado State University, USA During the implementation and completion of the thesis, the author has received the support of the School-Board of University, Faculty of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestty and Environmental Management that precious and effective help The author expresses the sincere and deepest gratitude to Assoc Prof Dr Pham Minh Toai is an instructor who has spent a lot of time for instructing and giving full attention and providing valuable materials that related to the thesis for helping the author complete this thesis The author would like to thank the leaders of Long Dai Forestry-Industry one member co., Ltd, Forestry Department of Quang Binh province to created conditions for the author to study and complete the thesis Finally, the author would like to express sincere gratitude to family members, friends, and supporters during the years of studying as well as completion of this thesis Sincerely, thank you! Hanoi, Octoberr , 2018 Students Nguyen Ngoc Thanh Huyen ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is study of the transformation from small timber to large timber production of Acacia hybrid plantation This thesis clarified the stand’s structure of Acacia hybrid and built the models of transformation theories, after that verificated those theory models Besides, evaluated economic efficiency of the transformation From that, providing solutions to transfer Acacia hybrid plantation including: transformation criteria; transformation techniques, etc…The research will help forest owners who want to improve their timber production values as well as contributes to the wood production industry in Vietnam 1 INTRODUCTION Along with the continuous growth of the Vietnamese economy in nearly 20 years of renovation Forestry sector has many positive changes, especially in the field of forest plantation and forest product processing that had many positive changes According to the Vietnam Administration of Forestry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (2018) [14], total of the main export value for forest products in the first months reached $ 5.025 billion, equivalent to nearly 56% of the year plan, accounting for 22.6% of total value of the agricultural exports The export value of forest products in months was estimated at 3.77 billion USD Particularly, export value of wood and wood products reached 3.52 billion USD In months, the main export value of forest products has kept the average growth rate over 14% with the same period in 2017 Meanwhile, the total value of wood and wood products imported reached 1.24 billion USD, only slightly increase 0.4% with the same period in 2017 The reason is that organizations and individuals have prepared material forest areas to ensure production and quality to provide the wood processing industry for export In particular, the use of large timber production models is important for this success Prior to that, Tran Van Khoi (2018) [39] affirmed "The development of large timber forests not only brings high economic benefits to households but also reduces erosion, contributing to protect the ecological environment and responding to climate change" Therefore, planting of large timber forests is an indispensable trend of the forest plantation business of the forestry sector in Vietnam Since 2008, the State has adopted policies to encourage farmers to grow large timber production forests in accordance with Decision 147/2007/QD-TTg to increase income for forestry workers, especially mountain people It also contributes to protecting the ecological environment (Tran Van Khoi, 2018) [39] Up to now, after 10 years of implementation, the movement of growing large timber production has been developing widely, initially created jobs for tens of thousands of rural workers and bring income to planters Typically for the application of this model are the provinces: Thanh Hoa, Yen Bai, Tuyen Quang, Lao Cai, Quang Nam etc…For example, according to the Vietnam agricultural news (2017) [38], Thanh Hoa province set a target to 2020 It will established and developed stably 56,000 of large timber business area This implementation progress is very positive Through the overall review, the province has expanded the area to 40,500 hectares (39,300 hectares for newly planted and 1,200 hectares for transformated) In Quang Binh province, Pham Hong Thai, Leader of FPD (2018) [33], said: "To improve the productivity, quality and value of planted forests Scheme on restructuring of agriculture in the forestry sector of Quang Binh that has provided many important solutions, focused on the development of large timber plantations." Therefore, it is urgent to set up a large supply of timber from plantations Acacia hybrid is a fast-growing species with great potential for timber supply in Quang Binh province with a total area of 14,749.48 Thus, if we proceed to transform these areas from the target of supplying small timber into large timber supply forests through the application of silvicultural techniques, then in a short time we will have an important supply of timbers that meets the market’s demand However, transformation can not take place et all site class, age class but only at a given site and age class.The identification of silvicultural measures for proper transformation that has important implications for success or failure and efficiency of the transformation model These issues in Quang Binh are currently very little researched From this fact, the research on "Solutions for transfering small timber into large timber production of acacia hybrid in quang binh province" is very necessary since its results provide a theoretical as well as practical basis for forest transformation in Vietnam as well as contribute to high economic efficiency, society, environment also improve livelihoods and incomes of households involved Acacia hybrid plantation in Quang Binh province's districts 1.1 Overview of research in the World 1.1.1 Research on forest structure Studies on the ecological structure of tropical rainforest were conducted by Richards P.W [9], Baur G (1976) [2], Odum (1971) [8], etc These studies have showed the point of views, concepts and qualitative descriptions of the species composition, life forms and forest layer They are basic research works that are very important and the system helps us to better understand the structure of forests, especially morphological and spatial structures Baur G (1976) [2] studied the problems of the ecological basis of the rain forest business In which, the author has studied the factors of forest structure, silvicultural treatments applied to natural rainforest From that the author has made abundance summaries of silvicultural treatment principles to provide basic forest for even-aged, 11 292.76 II 116.68 38.19 173.96 137.89 39.86 21.95 11 302.98 II 102.58 50.10 198.01 150.30 33.86 25.30 11 300.08 II 65.47 60.02 231.88 174.59 21.82 25.88 11 368.60 II 160.15 53.38 205.91 155.07 43.45 25.93 12 305.01 II 48.80 67.10 253.16 189.11 16.00 26.51 12 335.89 III 44.56 75.40 287.90 215.93 13.27 26.19 13 346.55 III 85.06 - 204.78 - 24.55 - 13 413.47 II 124.04 - 217.07 - 30.00 - 13 313.78 II 107.86 - 212.45 - 34.38 - 13 268.36 I 68.65 - 199.71 - 25.58 - 13 346.47 I 112.60 - 187.67 - 32.50 - 13 421.75 I 168.09 - 189.48 - 39.86 - 13 420.98 I 140.33 - 203.81 - 33.33 - 13 377.51 I 87.64 - 219.09 - 23.21 - Appendix 9: Theoritical model of transformation cutting of Acacia hybrid based on the number of trees ( Typical factors of stands Tecnichque criteria for transformation cutting of Acacia hybrid plantation First cutting SPs Age (Year) Density 2050 Site class The rest of trees in the stands Second cutting Total of cutting times The rest of trees The number of large timber % Total of trees per hectar Intensity (%) Number of trees Intensity (%) Number of trees I 58.54 1200 41.67 250 1450 600 480 80 2050 2100 I 59.52 1250 23.53 200 1450 650 540 83 2100 1980 I 57.07 1130 25.88 220 1350 630 554 88 1980 1900 I 55.26 1050 29.41 250 1300 600 420 70 1900 5 1780 I 53.37 950 25.30 210 1160 620 453 73 1780 2010 I 57.71 1160 29.41 250 1410 600 456 76 2010 1880 I 55.85 1050 26.51 220 1270 610 476 78 1880 1700 I 51.76 880 25.61 210 1090 610 519 85 1700 2050 I 60.49 1240 22.22 180 1420 630 548 87 2050 10 1700 I 51.76 880 20.73 170 1050 650 442 68 1700 11 1600 II 50.00 800 25.00 200 1000 600 360 60 1600 12 1800 II 55.56 1000 25.00 200 1200 600 372 62 1800 13 1900 I 57.37 1090 20.99 170 1260 640 403 63 1900 14 1550 II 45.16 700 25.88 220 920 630 428 68 1550 15 1860 I 55.38 1030 25.30 210 1240 620 546 88 1860 16 1650 II 50.30 830 23.17 190 1020 630 504 80 1650 17 1720 II 50.58 870 28.24 240 1110 610 366 60 1720 18 1560 II 47.44 740 21.95 180 920 640 435 68 1560 19 1400 II 39.29 550 25.88 220 770 630 410 65 1400 20 1500 II 45.33 680 21.95 180 860 640 410 64 1500 21 1500 II 46.67 700 18.75 150 850 650 423 65 1500 22 1400 II 40.71 570 25.30 210 780 620 341 55 1400 23 1200 I 30.00 360 28.57 240 600 600 366 61 1200 24 1560 II 45.51 710 29.41 250 960 600 486 81 1560 25 1780 II 53.93 960 24.39 200 1160 620 558 90 1780 26 1600 III 48.13 770 24.10 200 970 630 586 93 1600 27 1800 III 55.00 990 20.99 170 1160 640 538 84 1800 28 1680 III 51.19 860 24.39 200 1060 620 508 82 1680 29 1700 III 52.35 890 22.22 180 1070 630 410 65 1700 30 1300 III 36.15 470 21.69 180 650 650 390 60 1300 31 10 1580 II 46.20 730 27.06 230 960 620 434 70 1580 32 11 1300 II 37.69 490 19.75 160 650 650 501 77 1300 33 11 1420 II 43.66 620 20.00 160 780 640 531 83 1420 34 11 1260 I 36.51 460 18.75 150 610 650 585 90 1260 35 11 1200 II 29.17 350 29.41 250 600 600 396 66 1200 36 11 1500 II 43.33 650 25.88 220 870 630 403 64 1500 37 11 1380 II 40.58 560 20.73 170 730 650 533 82 1380 38 11 1270 II 34.65 440 24.10 200 640 630 473 75 1270 39 11 1100 II 22.73 250 24.71 210 460 640 518 81 1100 40 11 1450 II 44.14 640 24.69 200 840 610 482 79 1450 41 12 1000 II 17.00 170 25.30 210 380 620 459 74 1000 42 12 980 III 14.29 140 25.00 210 350 630 416 66 980 43 13 1100 III 40.91 450 - - 450 650 455 70 1100 44 13 1200 II 46.67 560 - - 560 640 403 63 1200 45 13 960 II 35.42 340 - - 340 620 372 60 960 46 13 860 I 26.74 230 - - 230 630 391 62 860 47 13 1200 I 45.83 550 - - 550 650 559 86 1200 48 13 1380 I 54.35 750 - - 750 630 529 84 1380 49 13 1260 I 48.41 610 - - 610 650 572 88 1260 50 13 1120 I 42.86 480 - - 480 640 480 75 1120 Appendix 10: Theoritical model of transformation cutting of Acacia hybrid based on the stock ( Typical factors of stands Tecnichque criteria for transformation cutting of Acacia hybrid plantation First cutting SPs Age (Year) Stocks Second cutting Site class Intensity Number of Intensity Number (%) stocks (%) of stocks The rest of stocks in the stands Total of cutting The rest The times of number of stocks stocks Total of stocks % per hectar 89.978 I 58.05 52.99 30.23 11.58 64.57 306.25 260.31 85 370.82 109.59 I 59.05 64.71 24.53 10.96 75.67 150.29 135.26 90 225.96 96.739 I 56.57 54.72 27.32 11.24 65.96 182.48 160.58 88 248.44 80.535 I 54.74 44.08 30.16 11.02 55.10 210.61 155.85 74 265.71 5 78.898 I 52.81 41.67 25.46 9.75 51.42 414.37 269.34 65 465.79 102.04 I 57.21 58.38 30.16 13.20 71.58 393.20 275.24 70 464.78 97.107 I 55.32 53.72 27.64 11.88 65.60 181.70 145.36 80 247.30 83.293 I 51.18 42.63 26.16 10.78 53.41 274.37 235.96 86 327.78 94.751 I 60.00 56.85 23.03 8.78 65.63 159.71 132.56 83 225.34 10 77.601 I 51.18 39.71 21.69 8.22 47.93 167.63 108.96 65 215.56 11 109.52 II 49.38 54.08 24.65 14.37 68.45 179.20 118.27 66 247.65 12 136.27 II 55.00 74.95 24.28 15.90 90.85 167.19 115.36 69 258.04 13 170.4 I 56.84 96.86 21.95 16.14 113.00 98.46 70.89 72 211.46 14 128.3 II 44.52 57.12 28.33 19.04 76.15 278.06 180.74 65 354.22 15 149.94 I 54.84 82.22 26.73 17.73 99.96 101.42 80.12 79 201.38 16 136.39 II 49.70 67.78 24.24 16.53 84.31 148.29 117.15 79 232.61 17 141.85 II 50.00 70.92 30.27 20.62 91.54 236.20 177.15 75 327.74 18 126.27 II 46.79 59.09 22.75 15.38 74.47 225.33 175.76 78 299.80 19 117.48 II 38.57 45.31 28.05 19.30 64.61 221.49 159.47 72 286.10 20 134.82 II 44.67 60.22 22.35 17.08 77.30 100.47 76.36 76 177.77 21 200.24 II 46.00 92.11 19.70 21.36 113.47 145.86 123.98 85 259.33 22 166.23 II 40.00 66.49 26.10 26.12 92.61 213.68 145.30 68 306.29 23 178.98 I 29.17 52.20 29.41 37.29 89.49 104.39 79.34 76 193.88 24 223.27 II 44.87 100.19 31.25 37.21 137.40 129.38 113.85 88 266.77 25 256.07 II 53.37 136.67 25.27 30.21 166.88 244.06 170.84 70 410.94 26 205.36 III 47.50 97.55 25.12 26.95 124.50 179.95 158.36 88 304.46 27 250.6 III 54.44 136.44 21.13 25.06 161.50 233.81 196.40 84 395.31 28 218.43 III 50.60 110.51 24.28 27.30 137.82 159.56 143.60 90 297.37 29 212.6 III 51.76 110.05 23.46 23.76 133.81 227.09 158.96 70 360.90 30 174.63 III 35.38 61.79 22.89 25.52 87.31 156.27 117.20 75 243.58 31 10 327.15 II 45.57 149.08 28.24 49.69 198.77 174.42 132.56 76 373.19 32 11 318.89 II 36.92 117.74 20.99 41.70 159.44 157.95 134.26 85 317.40 33 11 364.25 II 42.96 156.47 21.25 43.61 200.08 165.48 135.69 82 365.56 34 11 271.58 I 35.71 96.99 20.00 34.49 131.48 135.23 112.24 83 266.71 35 11 272.19 II 28.33 77.12 30.59 58.97 136.09 154.41 115.81 75 290.51 36 11 370.18 II 42.67 157.94 27.06 56.76 214.70 253.84 185.30 73 468.54 37 11 292.76 II 39.86 116.68 21.95 38.19 154.87 215.19 174.30 81 370.05 38 11 302.98 II 33.86 102.58 25.30 50.10 152.68 170.74 136.59 80 323.42 39 11 300.08 II 21.82 65.47 25.88 60.02 125.49 225.83 169.37 75 351.32 40 11 368.6 II 43.45 160.15 25.93 53.38 213.54 243.73 180.36 74 457.27 41 12 305.01 II 16.00 48.80 26.51 67.10 115.90 303.82 230.90 76 419.72 42 12 335.89 III 13.27 44.56 26.19 75.40 119.96 310.63 248.50 80 430.58 43 13 346.55 III 24.55 85.06 - - 85.06 204.78 150.36 81 289.84 44 13 413.47 II 30.00 124.04 - - 124.04 217.07 260.45 82 341.11 45 13 313.78 II 34.38 107.86 - - 107.86 212.45 170.26 73 320.31 46 13 268.36 I 25.58 68.65 - - 68.65 199.71 169.30 71 268.36 47 13 346.47 I 32.50 112.60 - - 112.60 187.67 152.60 82 300.27 48 13 421.75 I 39.86 168.09 - - 168.09 189.48 128.56 84 357.57 49 13 420.98 I 33.33 140.33 - - 140.33 203.81 129.45 87 344.14 50 13 377.51 I 23.21 87.64 - - 87.64 219.09 186.30 86 306.73 Appendix 11: Results of distribution at stand of sample plots Appendix 12: Results of - correlation at stand of sample plots 10 15 Diameter at breast height (cm) Dc Dll 10,00 5,00 ,00 10 20 30 Diameter at breast height (cm) Dll 4,00 2,00 ,00 10 15 Diameter at breast height (cm) 6K SAMPLE PLOT Diameter of canopy (m) Diameter of canopy (m) 6A SAMPLE PLOT Dc 5B SAMPLE PLOT Dc Dll 10,00 5,00 ,00 10 20 30 Diameter at breast height (cm) Dc Dll 6,00 4,00 2,00 ,00 10 20 Diameter at breast height (cm) 5F SAMPLE PLOT Diameter of canopy (m) 3,00 2,00 1,00 ,00 4C SAMPLE PLOT 7A SAMPLE PLOT Dc Dll 10,00 5,00 ,00 10 20 30 Diameter at breast height (cm) Dc Dll 10,00 5,00 ,00 10 20 Diameter at breast height (cm) 7G SAMPLE PLOT Diameter of canopy (M) Dll correlation at stand of sample plots Diameter of canopy (m) Dc - Diameter of canopy (m) 4A SAMPLE PLOT Diameter of canopy (m) Diameter of canopy (m) Appendix 13: Results of Dc Dll 10,00 5,00 ,00 10 20 30 Diameter at breast height (cm) Appendix 14: Survey for sample plots Relative Diamters Diamters position include bark without Dieases Defects in trees bark a b BQ a b BQ Number Tree Termite Dead Alive of trees size infestation node node sl kt sl kt sl kt Appendix 15: Survey for sample plots N The o symb Diamter1,3 (cm) DiamterT (m) H Hu t ol of Eas Nort Arou Eas Nort Arou trees t- h- nd t- h- nd We Sout We Sout st h st h b Kraff Quali Not hierarc ty e hy Appendix 16: Household survey questionare Full name of interviewer: Female Male Village’s name: Commune’s name: District: Interview data: Interview time: Interviewer: Province: A General situation The number of people in your family? Including: Age: < 18 year olds:………people Main labor:……… 18 – 55 year olds:……people Lead labor:……… > 55 year olds:………people The number of people who are studying Male:………… Female:……… Ethnic group: Kinh:……… Muong:……… Dao:……… Others:………… Religion:………………… where did you move from? When did you leave there? ……………………………………………………………………………………………… why did you move to new place? ……………………………………………………………………………………………… How much is the total value of the assets of the family? > million VND:…………………… – 10 million VND:………………… 10 – 30 million VND:……………… < 30 million VND:…………………… B Land and forest situation Current cultivated area of your family Land type Main type of tree Areas (ha) Productivity (ha/year) Average income (million VND/year) Land for planting rice and other trees Cultivated land Land for planting industrial plants Land for gardening Land for perennial trees Natural forest land Land for planting forest Bare land Land for raising fish (lakes, ponds) Different land Can you give me information about the current area used for planting Acacia hybrid? Where you plant these trees? How about the current age of the forest? …………………………………………………………………………………………… Can you give me information about techical planting and caring for Acacia hybrid forest of your family? Technical categories The contain that need to be clarified Complete cutting or cutting Handling the vegetation along rows? After cutting, you burn this area? Soil that is undergone Complete plowing? Digging holes Size of hole Manuring Fill the holes Type of fertilize? And the amount of fertilize? When and the teachique to fill the holes? Density? Pure palnting or Planting trees transmit with other tree species? Farming season? Teachnique? Additional planting When did you conduct? How many years did you Taking care of trees take care of these trees? The methods for caring? Did you thin trees? How Thinning many trees did you thin each time? How you choose the trees to thin? what age did you exploit the forest? The average diamter when exploiting? How Forest exploitation about the yield (m3 / ha)? Who did you purchase the products for? Description 10 Have you received any supports from district and provincal authorities to contribute to develop your family forest? ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 11 Can you give me some information about the profit that your family gain after exploiting each of Acacia hybrid? ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 12 Do you agree to transform the small timer to large timber products if you are guided to apply planting technique? What is your requiments to conduct the transformation? ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ... From this fact, the research on "Solutions for transfering small timber into large timber production of acacia hybrid in quang binh province" is very necessary since its results provide a theoretical... impact of thinning to timber and productivity of Acacia hybrid plantation The authors ways to determine intensity of cutting and remaining density including: Remaining density after thinning is... NPV of large timber production reached 81,869,630 VND, increasing 2.14 times that compare with small timber production Benefits-Cost ratio value of large timber production is 5.72, larger than small