Estimation of carbon stocks of coastal mangroves using sentinel 2a in tien lang district hai phong city vietnam

MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF FORESTRY STUDENT THESIS ESTIMATION OF CARBON STOCKS OF COASTAL MANGROVES USING SENTINEL 2A IN TIEN LANG DISTRICT, HAI PHONG CITY, VIETNAM Major: Natural Resources Management Code: D850101 Faculty: Forest Resources and Environmental Management Students: Duong Vo Khanh Linh Student ID: 1453092260 Class: 59A Natural Resources Management Course: 2014-2018 Advanced Education Program Developed in collaboration with Colorado State University, USA Supervisor: Assoc Prof Dr Hai-Hoa Nguyen Hanoi, 2018 PUBLICATION Hai-Hoa, N., Khanh Linh, D.V., An, L.T., Ngoc Lan, T.T., Huu Nghia, N (2018) Estimation of carbon stocks of coastal mangroves using Sentinel 2A in Tien Lang district, Hai Phong city, Vietnam Journal of Information Science (Submited and accepted to be reviewed) Geo-spatial ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This research is funded by Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED) under grant number 105.082017.05 With the consent of Vietnam Forestry University, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development faculty, I conducted the study: “Carbon storage estimation of mangrove forest using Sentinel 2A in Tien Lang district, Hai Phong, Vietnam” With this study, I am extremely grateful for the guidance, advice and the support of many people First, i would like to thank most sincerely and deeply to my mentor – Associcate Prof Dr Hai-Hoa Nguyen, who gave helpful advices and strong supports during the implementation and completion of this study Also, I would like to thanks for the encouraging words, and suggestions of the teachers of the Forest Resources and Environment Management Faculty, Vietnam Forestry University that helped me complete the study with the best quality The study could not be finished and achieved result without the enthusiastic help, friendliness, and hospitality of the local government and residents of two communes Vinh Quang and Dong Hung of Tien Lang district, i would like give a big thanks and extreme appreciation to them I also would like to thanks to our friends and family who always supported and encouraged me to perform and complete the study Because of the limited study duration as well as lacking awareness and knowledge I am looking forward to receiving the comments, evaluation and feedback of teachers and friends to raise the quality of study and improve not only the professional knowledge but also the lacking skills of us in this study I sincerely thank you! TABLE OF CONTENTS PUBLICATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ABBREVIATIONS i LIST OF TABLES ii LIST OF FIGURES iii ABSTRACT CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 GIS and Sentinel satellite image 2.1.1 The concept of GIS, remote sensing 2.1.2 Sentinel 2A satellite image 2.2 Remote sensing application in carbon estimation and forest biomass 2.2.1 In the world 2.2.2 In Vietnam 12 CHAPTER III STUDY GOAL, OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGY 16 3.1 Study goal and objectives 16 3.1.1 Overal goal 16 3.1.2 Specific objectives 16 3.1.3 Scope 16 3.2 Methodology 17 3.2.1 Secondary data collection 18 3.2.2 Field survey method 19 3.2.3 Samplings 19 3.2.4 Calculating biomass and carbon stocks: 22 3.2.5 Calculating Soil organic carbon by Walkley – Black method: 23 3.2.6 Construct the classified map and interpolation map of biomass and carbon stocks 24 3.2.7 Accuracy assessments: 26 CHAPTER IV NATURAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC FEATURES 28 4.1 Natural conditions and basic characteristics of mangrove forest 28 4.2 Social and economic conditions 29 CHAPTER V RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 30 5.1 Mangrove status and management in Tien Lang district 30 5.1.1 Status of mangrove forests in Tien Lang districts 30 5.1.2.Mangrove structures, biomass and carbon estimation-based field survey 36 5.2 Biomass and carbon estimation-based interpolation method 39 5.3 Soil organic carbon estimation from field-based data collection 41 5.4 Interpolation of soil carbon 43 5.4.1 Mapping IDW of total soil carbon stocks 43 5.4.2 Soil organic carbon at the depth of 0-20cm 45 5.4.3 Soil organic carbon at depth of 20-40cm 46 5.4.4 Soil organic carbon at depth of 40-60cm 47 5.4.5 Soil organic carbon at depth of 60-80cm 48 5.4.6 Soil organic carbon at depth of 80-100cm 49 5.5 Solutions for better management of mangroves in Tien Lang 50 5.5.1 Develop and consolidate multisectoral coordination mechanisms: 50 5.5.2 Establish and implement inter-sectoral monitoring institutions: 51 5.5.3 Strengthening propaganda about planning and management: 51 CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION, LIMITATIONS AND FURTHER STUDY 54 6.1 Conclusion 54 6.2 Limitations 55 6.3 Further study 55 REFERENCES 56 APPENDIX 62 ABBREVIATIONS AGB Above-Ground Biomass BGB Below-Ground Biomass GIS Geographic Information System GPS Global Positioning System IDW Inverse Distance Weighting KO Kandelia obovata LULC Land-use / Land-cover NDVI Normalized Difference Vegetation Index NIR Near-infrared RGB Red-Green-Blue SAVI Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index SC Sonneratia caseolaris SCM Supervised Classification Method TVI Transformed Vegetation Index UCM Unsupervised Classification Method i LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1 Sentinel image 18 Table 3.2 Investigate the status of mangroves 22 Table 3.3 Equations for calculating biomass of mangrove species 23 Table 3.4 Equations of vegetation indices used for estimate mangrove cover 26 Table 5.1 Mangrove extents in study sites by different methods 30 Table 5.2 Map reliability test of NDVI index 31 Table 5.3 Map reliability test of SAVI index 32 Table 5.4 Map reliability test of Supervised classification method 33 Table 5.5 Map reliability test of TVI index 34 Table 5.6 Map reliability test of Unsupervised classification method 35 Table 5.7 Area of mangrove forest planted from 1995 to 2016 36 Table 5.8 Map reliability test of IDW of tree biomass 40 Table 5.9 Map reliability test of accumulated carbon 40 Table 5.11 Map reliability test of total soil soil organic carbon 44 Table 5.12 Map reliability test of soil organic carbon at 0-20cm depth 46 Table 5.13 Map reliability test of soil organic carbon at 20-40cm depth 47 Table 5.14 Map reliability test of soil organic carbon at 40-60cm depth 48 Table 5.15.Map reliability test of soil organic carbon at 60-80cm depth 49 Table 5.16 Map reliability test of soil organic carbon at 80-100cm depth 50 Table 5.17 Synthesis of conflicts in coastal resources use and solutions 52 ii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1: Spectral bands Sentinel (Agency, 2018) Diagram 3.1 Flowchart of methodology used in this study 17 Figure 3.1 Study site 19 Figure 3.2 Distribution of plots for measuring 20 Figure 3.3 Sampling plot 21 Figure 5.1 Mangrove extents by NDVI 31 Figure 5.2 Mangrove extents by SAVI 32 Figure 5.3 Mangrove extents by supervised classification 33 Figure 5.4 Mangrove extents by TVI 34 Figure 5.5 Mangrove extents by unsupervised classification 35 Figure 5.6 IDW interpolation of accumulated carbon and tree biomass 39 Fig 5.7 Correlation of biomass and its carbon stocks 40 Figure 5.7 IDW of total soil organic carbon 43 Figure 5.8 IDW of soil organic carbon at 0-20cm depth 45 Figure 5.9 IDW of soil organic carbon at 20-40cm depth 46 Figure 5.10 IDW of soil organic carbon at 40-60cm depth 47 Figure 5.11 IDW of soil organic carbon at 60-80cm depth 48 Figure 5.12 IDW of soil organic carbon at 80-100cm depth 49 iii 10 Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC SC 14 4,46 13,5 4,30 12,5 3,98 21,5 6,85 79 25,16 2,87 2,87 2,55 14 4,46 60 19,11 13 4,14 15 4,78 15 4,78 4,62 11 Bần SC 44,5 14,17 12 13 Bần Bần SC SC 13 29,5 14 15 16 17 Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC 51 16,24 14,5 4,62 16 5,10 53 16,88 18 19 20 Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC 36 11,46 94 29,94 60 19,11 4,14 9,39 14,5 12,5 39,6 13,4 12,5 9,4 12,5 10,5 11 10 11 11 42 11 13,5 37 10 14 11 33 83 17 17 3,98 12,61 4,27 3,98 2,99 3,98 3,34 3,50 3,18 3,50 3,50 13,38 3,50 4,30 11,78 3,18 4,46 3,50 10,51 26,43 5,41 5,41 3,5 12 Bần SC 19 13 Bần SC 18,6 15 Bần SC 71 Plot 11 20,65747 106,70384 Vietname Scientific Circumf ID se name name erence_ A Bần SC 60 Bần SC 45 Bần SC 24 Bần SC 19 2,3 Bần SC 18 2,5 Bần SC 25 Bần SC 21 Bần SC 27 Bần SC 26 2,2 5,5 10 4,5 10 Bần SC 198 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC 36 16 33 43 17 41 25 20 6,05 5,92 22,61 15,5 25,5 14,8 26,6 12,4 54 Circumf D0 erence_ 1.3 19,11 43 14,33 31 7,64 18 6,05 11 5,73 13 7,96 16 6,69 38 8,60 20 8,28 13 12 63,06 111 43 50 27 11,46 24 5,10 13 10,51 26 13,69 27 5,41 13,06 32 7,96 24 6,37 15,5 4,94 8,12 4,71 8,47 2,87 3,95 17,20 D1.3 (cm) 13,69 9,87 5,73 3,50 4,14 5,10 12,10 6,37 4,14 3,82 35,35 13,69 15,92 8,60 7,64 4,14 8,28 8,60 10,19 7,64 4,94 1,7 11 Hvn (m) 8,5 4,5 4,5 8,5 6,5 10 10,5 5,5 13 20 16 17 19 B Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC 97 30,89 0,96 21 6,69 56 17,83 Bần SC 95,5 30,41 10 11 Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC SC SC SC 39 45 112 20 17 16,5 53 12,42 14,33 35,67 6,37 5,41 5,25 16,88 12 13 14 15 16 17 Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC SC SC 38,5 17,5 42 117 28 68,5 12,26 5,57 13,38 37,26 8,92 21,82 83 32 13 43,5 16,5 45,3 70 34 17 81,5 15 12 10 43 30 42 14 36 82,5 21,5 55,7 21,5 4,14 6,37 5,10 5,41 0,96 6,05 26,43 10,5 10,19 4,65 4,14 2,5 13,85 8,5 5,25 14,43 10 B 22,29 10,83 5,5 5,41 10 25,96 11 4,78 4,5 3,82 3,18 3,5 13,69 7,5 9,55 13,38 4,46 11,46 26,27 11 6,85 4,5 17,74 9,5 6,85 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC 17 13 17 18 40 22 25 30 28 59 5,41 4,14 5,41 5,73 12,74 7,01 7,96 9,55 8,92 18,79 10 11 12 13 14 Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC 49 18 19 39 37 40 35 32 11 13 73 73 45 201 15,61 5,73 6,05 12,42 11,78 12,74 11,15 10,19 3,50 4,14 23,25 23,25 14,33 64,01 2,55 11 29 20 22 22,5 21 40 22 3,50 9,24 6,37 7,01 7,17 6,69 12,74 7,01 42 15 14 33 33 32 24 29 57 44 46 51 94 20 78 13,38 4,78 4,46 10,51 10,51 10,19 7,64 9,24 1,91 2,87 18,15 14,01 14,65 16,24 29,94 6,37 24,84 2,5 8,5 6,5 5,5 5,5 6,5 4,5 4,7 6,2 6,5 6,5 6,5 3,5 8,5 C 10 11 12 13 14 15 Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC 16 17 18 19 20 Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC SC 22 23 Bần Bần SC SC 29 75 66 85 29 31 80 14 49 68 32 30 100 34 115 9,24 23,89 21,02 27,07 9,24 9,87 25,48 4,46 15,61 21,66 10,19 9,55 31,85 10,83 36,62 78 24,84 95 30,25 60 19,11 81 25,80 22 60 53 77 13 24 62 11 42 50 28 16 80 30 15 95 19 62 12 20 58 52 13 17 7,01 19,11 11,5 C Bần SC 59 16,88 11 Bần SC 154 24,52 10,5 4,14 2,5 7,64 4,5 Bần SC 80 19,75 12 Bần SC 67 3,50 Bần SC 78 13,38 15,92 11 8,92 Bần SC 24 5,10 25,48 11 Bần SC 78 9,55 4,78 12 30,25 Bần SC 23 6,05 10 19,75 3,82 Bần SC 56 6,37 18,47 10 Bần SC 34 16,56 11 Bần SC 45 4,14 12 Bần SC 15 5,41 Plot 12 20,66055 106,70603 ID Vietname Scientific Circumf 5,73 se name name erence_ 18 49 15,61 11 A Bần SC 26 16 5,10 Bần SC 97 18,79 49,04 25,48 21,34 24,84 7,64 24,84 7,32 17,83 10,83 14,33 4,78 57 110 65 75 73 35 24 14 47 13 19 56 77 23 14 11 17 34 12 24 40 13 Circumf D0 erence_ 1.3 8,28 19 30,89 34 18,15 35,03 20,70 23,89 23,25 11,15 7,64 4,46 14,97 4,14 6,05 17,83 24,52 7,32 4,46 3,50 5,41 10,83 3,82 7,64 12,74 4,14 D1.3 (cm) 6,05 10,83 11 10 11 10 9,5 5,5 6,5 Hvn (m) 13,5 32 10,19 27 8,60 59 18,79 22 7,01 47 14,97 24 Bần SC 30 9,55 25 Bần SC 56 17,83 7,5 Plot 13 20,6654 106,70415 ID Vietnamese Scientific Circumf D0 Circu name name erence_ mfere D1.3 Hvn nce_1 (cm) (m) A Bần SC 66 21,02 46 14,65 11 20 6,37 14 4,46 Bần SC 140 44,59 120 38,22 12 13 4,14 15 4,78 38 12,10 12 3,82 Bần SC 124 39,49 90 28,66 11 16 5,10 47 14,97 Bần SC 117 37,26 107 34,08 11 39 12,42 20 6,37 Bần SC 21 6,69 13 4,14 Bần SC 79 25,16 45 14,33 27 8,60 Bần SC 27 8,60 17 5,41 5 Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC SC 39 60,5 52 23 55 12,42 19,27 16,56 7,32 17,52 69 33 21 44 12 50 21,97 10,51 6,69 14,01 3,82 15,92 5,5 5,5 4,5 5,10 Bần Bần SC SC 10 11 12 13 14 Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC SC 99 65 34,5 46,5 40 15 16 17 Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC 80,5 25,64 85 27,07 31 9,87 18 19 20 21 Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC 39 77,5 45 33,5 46 14,65 70 22,29 31,53 20,70 10,99 14,81 12,74 12,42 24,68 14,33 10,67 16 23 35 16 51,5 72 61 36 27,3 24,5 18 66 70,5 11 21,2 31 59 38 19,5 7,32 11,15 5,10 16,40 22,93 19,43 11,46 8,69 7,80 5,73 21,02 22,45 3,50 6,75 9,87 18,79 12,10 6,21 6,5 10 14 11 5,3 4,5 6,5 14,5 14 5,5 13,5 4,3 B C Bần SC 69 21,97 Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC 71 22,61 31 9,87 63 20,06 Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC 69 21,97 12 3,82 27 8,60 112 35,67 Bần SC 52 16,56 Bần SC 109 34,71 10 11 Bần Bần SC SC 19 6,05 112 35,67 12 13 Bần Bần SC SC 12 3,82 104 33,12 Bần SC 122 38,85 34 10,83 65 30 39 26 55 22 42 35 17 104 10 22 16 33 12 100 21 19 13 21 13 10 20 14 15 20 82 22 20,70 9,55 12,42 8,8 8,28 17,52 2,87 1,6 7,01 5,5 13,38 13,2 11,15 5,41 33,12 3,18 B 7,01 5,10 12 10,51 3,82 1,7 31,85 13 6,69 6,05 4,14 6,69 4,14 3,18 6,37 12 4,46 4,78 6,37 26,11 7,01 65 20,70 73 23,25 22 7,01 11 22 23 24 25 Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC 40,5 74 77 35,5 26 27 28 Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC 54 17,20 55 17,52 46,5 14,81 29 30 31 Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC 24,5 7,80 66 21,02 95 30,25 Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC 93 29,62 67 21,34 43 13,69 10 Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC SC SC SC 91 48 31 75 90 54 47 11 12 Bần Bần SC SC 35 11,15 52 16,56 13 14 Bần Bần SC SC 29 31 15 16 Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC 16 5,10 46 14,65 12,90 23,57 24,52 11,31 28,98 15,29 9,87 23,89 28,66 17,20 14,97 9,24 9,87 21,5 60,5 57,5 13 21 40,5 40 12 14 16 55,5 89 6,85 19,27 18,31 4,14 6,69 12,90 12,74 3,82 4,46 5,10 17,68 28,34 4,5 13,5 12,5 76 65 16 11 15 74 38 18 59 71 51 25 42 26 44 18 34 15 12 10 10 24,20 20,70 5,10 3,50 4,78 23,57 12,10 5,73 18,79 22,61 16,24 7,96 13,38 8,28 14,01 5,73 10,83 4,78 3,82 2,87 3,18 3,18 12 10 6,5 4,5 13,5 13 10,8 10 5,5 3,5 3,5 3,2 Bần SC 84 26,75 Bần SC 77 24,52 Bần Bần SC SC 85 27,07 92 29,30 15 13 10 43 36 33 32 44 52 78 77 12 13 13 83 4,78 4,14 3,18 13,69 11,46 10,51 10,19 14,01 16,56 24,84 24,52 3,82 4,14 4,14 26,43 17 18 19 Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC 21 6,69 48 15,29 46 14,65 20 21 22 23 Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC 38 73 15 70 23 Bần SC 40 12,74 24 25 26 Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC 82 26,11 12 3,82 26 8,28 Bần SC 12,42 9,8 9,5 8,9 Bần SC 23 7,32 2,5 Bần SC 98 31,21 Plot 14 20,67964 106,69829 ID Vietnamese Scientific Circumf Circu name name erence_ mfere D1.3 Hvn D0 nce_1 (cm) (m) A Bần SC 140 44,59 79 25,16 11 Bần SC 165 52,55 126 40,13 11,5 C Bần SC 147 46,82 118 37,58 12 Bần SC 184 58,60 130 41,40 12 Bần SC 18 5,73 13,5 4,30 Bần SC 30 9,55 26 8,28 5,5 Bần SC 95 30,25 83 26,43 11 Bần SC 7,6 2,42 1,9 Bần SC 7,7 2,45 10 Bần SC 2,55 11 Bần SC 8,1 2,58 27 10 12,10 23,25 4,78 22,29 39 Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC 22 58 60,5 44 16 84 94 86 19 36 17 42 39 15 34 59 13 35 36 11 75 10 5,41 13,38 12,42 4,78 2,87 10,83 18,79 2,87 4,14 11,15 11,46 3,50 2,55 23,89 2,23 3,18 10 1,7 4 11 2 12,10 38 7,01 18,47 19,27 14,01 5,10 26,75 29,94 27,39 6,05 11,46 12 80 50 38 15,5 55 89 67 15 33 4,5 3,82 25,48 15,92 12,10 4,94 17,52 28,34 21,34 4,78 10,51 9,5 11 10,5 13 12 B 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC 8,1 7,9 15 10 17 13 16 17 18 Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC 142 45,22 50 15,92 57 18,15 2,58 2,55 2,52 4,78 3,18 5,41 4,14 5,10 5,41 5,73 120 40 22 56 3,82 10 11 Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC 12 129 41,08 14 4,46 2,87 111 35,35 11 3,50 2,87 120 38,22 11 Bần SC 55 17,52 12 Bần SC 52 16,56 13 14 15 16 17 Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC SC 45 68 28 23 82 14,33 21,66 8,92 7,32 26,11 18 Bần SC 92,5 19 Bần SC 58 20 Bần SC 75 Plot 15 20,68386 106,69537 Vietname Scientific Circumf ID se name name erence_ 14 A Bần SC 95 29,46 18,47 23,89 Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần 52,55 15,29 12,10 52,23 7,32 53,50 2,1 2,3 1,9 2,1 1,9 2,3 1,8 2,1 2,2 38,22 15 12,74 10 7,01 10,5 17,83 1,6 2,87 43 32 92 10 103 10 109 13,69 10,19 29,30 3,18 2,55 32,80 3,18 1,59 34,71 3,2 3,5 3,3 1,5 12 SC SC SC SC SC SC 165 48 38 164 23 168 D0 30,25 14 39 16 46 23 58 21 18 21 55 85,5 37,5 66 Circumf erence_ 1.3 51,5 55,5 115 33 28,5 117 15 50,5 32,5 4,46 12,42 5,10 14,65 2,87 7,32 18,47 6,69 5,73 6,69 17,52 27,23 11,94 21,02 D1.3 (cm) 16,40 17,68 36,62 10,51 9,08 37,26 4,78 16,08 10,35 4,5 10 5,5 5,5 13 11,5 8,5 12 Hvn (m) 12,5 7,5 12 2,2 12,5 C 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC 20 Bần SC 21 Bần SC 159 50,64 22 23 Bần Bần SC SC 134 42,68 68 21,66 24 Bần SC Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC SC 13 4,14 138 43,95 2,87 12 3,82 2,23 11 3,50 11 3,50 152 48,41 6,69 11 112 11 49 96 19 11 75 117 121 11 54 22 18 17 3,50 35,67 1,5 1,27 1,2 3,50 3,1 1,91 1,8 2,87 2,3 2,55 2,3 15,61 14 30,57 B 6,05 3,50 23,89 15 37,26 38,54 15 3,50 10,5 17,20 7,01 5,73 5,41 21 6,69 18 5,73 34 10,83 187 59,55 21 6,69 15 14 22 172 15 4,78 4,46 7,01 54,78 4,78 26 21 8,28 4,5 5,2 12 Bần SC 113,5 36,15 Bần SC 119 37,90 10 Bần SC 127 40,45 Bần SC 153 48,73 Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC 96 68 59 137 Bần SC 109 34,71 Bần Bần SC SC 140 44,59 156 49,68 30,57 21,66 18,79 43,63 115 40 49 72,5 72 109 36,62 12,74 15,61 23,09 22,93 34,71 84 59 105 84 52 38 19 46 73 89 93 34 27 28 24 34 104 26,75 18,79 33,44 26,75 16,56 12,10 6,05 14,65 23,25 28,34 29,62 10,83 8,60 8,92 7,64 10,83 33,12 10 11 12,5 13 12 11 12 12,5 13 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC 97 117 18 17,5 69 11 24 71 120 15 23 23,5 34 30,89 37,26 5,73 5,57 21,97 3,50 7,64 22,61 38,22 4,78 7,32 7,48 10,83 87 105 12,5 14 64,5 30 65 95 13 11 14 16 8 27,71 10 33,44 10,5 3,98 4,5 4,46 5C 20,54 10 2,55 2,2 9,55 4,3 20,70 12 30,25 11,5 4,14 3,50 4,46 5,10 2,55 2,55 10 Bần Bần SC SC Bần Bần Bần Bần SC SC SC SC 25 7,96 15 4,78 69,5 59 223 65 22,13 18,79 71,02 20,70 17 5,41 11 3,50 57 43 140 51 18,15 13,69 44,59 16,24 3,5 12 12 13 12,5 Result of analyzed soil samples in laboratory (CP: controlling plots) Coordinates Plot Depth (cm) X Y 80-100 Mass measured in the field (gram) Mass in 20cm Dried soil (gram) Moist soil Weight of re-weight soil Dry soil K coefficient Weight of Mass of soil container (m2) (m1) Volume of Total dry soil mold mass of 3,14*(5,6/ soil Mass for 2) K coefficient Fe 2+ (ml) sample (g) analyze (5,6/2)*20 Walkley black method Weight for drying (m3) Bulk density (g/cm3) % C in 100g soil a(h) Carbon (ton/ha) 1200 600 548,11 417,90 5,9480 2,1567 7,9737 1,065 0,2 20,3 835,80 837,0774 1,00 1,38 0,014 27,64 1200 720 653,44 476,01 5,6591 2,1184 7,6760 1,050 0,2 19,95 793,35 837,0774 0,95 1,73 0,016 32,85 1080 520 461,05 287,02 6,5948 2,2985 8,6943 1,095 0,2 19,1 596,12 837,0774 0,71 2,74 0,019 38,98 20-40 960 500 435,08 270,45 6,6957 2,1388 8,5330 1,164 0,2 17,7 519,26 837,0774 0,62 4,54 0,028 56,33 0-20 1100 600 533,45 339,83 6,3344 2,3185 8,2076 1,238 0,2 17,7 623,02 837,0774 0,74 4,83 0,036 71,85 80-100 1120 570 539,64 393,26 6,7805 2,1760 8,8558 1,049 0,2 20,2 772,72 837,0774 0,92 1,47 0,014 27,10 60-80 1200 700 663,24 510,32 6,4038 2,0453 8,3493 1,051 0,2 19,9 874,83 837,0774 1,05 1,79 0,019 37,36 1140 550 529,79 375,87 6,5100 2,0061 8,3778 1,074 0,2 19,4 779,08 837,0774 0,93 2,36 0,022 43,98 20-40 1040 480 457,66 303,23 6,0067 2,0816 7,8363 1,138 0,2 19,1 657,00 837,0774 0,78 2,84 0,022 44,65 0-20 850 480 465,87 282,65 6,2507 2,2352 8,1185 1,197 0,2 17,35 500,53 837,0774 0,60 5,09 0,030 60,82 80-100 1160 620 527,45 418,07 6,2985 2,1580 8,3137 1,071 0,2 20,4 782,20 837,0774 0,93 1,29 0,012 24,02 60-80 1220 670 589,40 455,76 6,8829 2,4121 9,1067 1,085 0,2 20,3 829,89 837,0774 0,99 1,41 0,014 27,96 1070 530 475,93 341,76 6,2906 2,3524 8,3286 1,154 0,2 20,1 689,97 837,07736 0,824 1,79 0,015 29,49 20-40 1160 700 446,62 336,46 6,253 2,4678 8,392 1,154 0,2 19,5 557,56 837,07736 0,666 2,42 0,016 32,28 0-20 1120 550 444,62 316,11 6,542 2,395 8,5219 1,210 0,2 19,5 643,71 837,07736 0,769 2,60 0,020 40,00 80-100 1280 510 448,29 328,23 6,5632 2,2449 8,7703 1,017 0,2 20,1 823,79 837,0774 0,98 0,81 0,008 16,02 60-80 1250 750 638,35 455,91 5,8495 2,4485 8,1993 1,042 0,2 19,7 759,85 837,0774 0,91 1,25 0,011 22,70 1250 620 521,82 350,26 6,8082 2,3667 9,0243 1,068 0,2 19,2 706,17 837,0774 0,84 1,82 0,015 30,63 20-40 900 490 366,68 204,69 6,4848 2,0855 8,3522 1,117 0,2 17,75 375,96 837,0774 0,45 3,52 0,016 31,60 0-20 1160 590 488,91 337,22 6,1859 2,2579 8,1551 1,147 0,2 18,75 663,01 837,0774 0,79 2,47 0,020 39,05 80-100 1140 600 530,94 389,47 6,7296 2,4359 9,1074 1,024 0,2 20,05 739,99 837,0774 0,88 0,87 0,008 15,40 60-80 1040 540 419,57 271,85 6,1455 2,2218 8,2215 1,070 0,2 19,1 523,56 837,0774 0,63 1,93 0,012 24,10 1080 590 485,33 315,77 6,5924 2,1581 8,6323 1,058 0,2 18,8 578,02 837,0774 0,69 2,22 0,015 30,68 20-40 1200 610 541,25 396,12 6,4379 2,4655 8,7043 1,088 0,2 19,4 779,25 837,0774 0,93 1,63 0,015 30,38 0-20 850 410 353,19 199,14 5,6333 2,1633 7,5944 1,103 0,2 16,8 412,85 837,0774 0,49 4,52 0,022 44,61 60-80 40-60 40-60 40-60 40-60 40-60 20,62233 106,64896 20,62305 106,65309 20,62389 106,65728 20,62325 106,66231 20,63906 106,68641 Coordinates Plot Depth (cm) X Mass measured in the field (gram) Y Mass in 20cm Dried soil (gram) Moist soil Weight of re-weight soil Dry soil K coefficient Weight of Mass of soil container (m2) (m1) Volume of Total dry soil mold mass of 3,14*(5,6/ soil Mass for 2) K coefficient Fe 2+ (ml) sample (g) analyze (5,6/2)*20 Walkley black method Weight for drying (m3) Bulk density (g/cm3) % C in 100g soil a(h) Carbon (ton/ha) 80-100 1200 600 548,11 417,90 5,9480 2,1567 7,9737 1,065 0,2 20,3 835,80 837,0774 1,00 1,38 0,014 27,64 60-80 1200 720 653,44 476,01 5,6591 2,1184 7,6760 1,050 0,2 19,95 793,35 837,0774 0,95 1,73 0,016 32,85 1080 520 461,05 287,02 6,5948 2,2985 8,6943 1,095 0,2 19,1 596,12 837,0774 0,71 2,74 0,019 38,98 20-40 960 500 435,08 270,45 6,6957 2,1388 8,5330 1,164 0,2 17,7 519,26 837,0774 0,62 4,54 0,028 56,33 0-20 1100 600 533,45 339,83 6,3344 2,3185 8,2076 1,238 0,2 17,7 623,02 837,0774 0,74 4,83 0,036 71,85 80-100 1120 570 539,64 393,26 6,7805 2,1760 8,8558 1,049 0,2 20,2 772,72 837,0774 0,92 1,47 0,014 27,10 60-80 1200 700 663,24 510,32 6,4038 2,0453 8,3493 1,051 0,2 19,9 874,83 837,0774 1,05 1,79 0,019 37,36 1140 550 529,79 375,87 6,5100 2,0061 8,3778 1,074 0,2 19,4 779,08 837,0774 0,93 2,36 0,022 43,98 20-40 1040 480 457,66 303,23 6,0067 2,0816 7,8363 1,138 0,2 19,1 657,00 837,0774 0,78 2,84 0,022 44,65 0-20 850 480 465,87 282,65 6,2507 2,2352 8,1185 1,197 0,2 17,35 500,53 837,0774 0,60 5,09 0,030 60,82 80-100 1160 620 527,45 418,07 6,2985 2,1580 8,3137 1,071 0,2 20,4 782,20 837,0774 0,93 1,29 0,012 24,02 60-80 1220 670 589,40 455,76 6,8829 2,4121 9,1067 1,085 0,2 20,3 829,89 837,0774 0,99 1,41 0,014 27,96 1070 530 475,93 341,76 6,2906 2,3524 8,3286 1,154 0,2 20,1 689,97 837,07736 0,824 1,79 0,015 29,49 20-40 1160 700 446,62 336,46 6,253 2,4678 8,392 1,154 0,2 19,5 557,56 837,07736 0,666 2,42 0,016 32,28 0-20 1120 550 444,62 316,11 6,542 2,395 8,5219 1,210 0,2 19,5 643,71 837,07736 0,769 2,60 0,020 40,00 80-100 1280 510 448,29 328,23 6,5632 2,2449 8,7703 1,017 0,2 20,1 823,79 837,0774 0,98 0,81 0,008 16,02 60-80 1250 750 638,35 455,91 5,8495 2,4485 8,1993 1,042 0,2 19,7 759,85 837,0774 0,91 1,25 0,011 22,70 1250 620 521,82 350,26 6,8082 2,3667 9,0243 1,068 0,2 19,2 706,17 837,0774 0,84 1,82 0,015 30,63 20-40 900 490 366,68 204,69 6,4848 2,0855 8,3522 1,117 0,2 17,75 375,96 837,0774 0,45 3,52 0,016 31,60 0-20 1160 590 488,91 337,22 6,1859 2,2579 8,1551 1,147 0,2 18,75 663,01 837,0774 0,79 2,47 0,020 39,05 80-100 1140 600 530,94 389,47 6,7296 2,4359 9,1074 1,024 0,2 20,05 739,99 837,0774 0,88 0,87 0,008 15,40 60-80 1040 540 419,57 271,85 6,1455 2,2218 8,2215 1,070 0,2 19,1 523,56 837,0774 0,63 1,93 0,012 24,10 1080 590 485,33 315,77 6,5924 2,1581 8,6323 1,058 0,2 18,8 578,02 837,0774 0,69 2,22 0,015 30,68 20-40 1200 610 541,25 396,12 6,4379 2,4655 8,7043 1,088 0,2 19,4 779,25 837,0774 0,93 1,63 0,015 30,38 0-20 850 410 353,19 199,14 5,6333 2,1633 7,5944 1,103 0,2 16,8 412,85 837,0774 0,49 4,52 0,022 44,61 80-100 1240 660 592,29 428,14 6,8076 2,4059 9,1578 1,024 0,2 19,9 804,38 837,0774 0,96 1,02 0,010 19,67 60-80 1240 640 557,63 397,78 6,4678 2,2024 8,6095 1,028 0,2 19,7 770,70 837,0774 0,92 1,23 0,011 22,72 1130 610 513,06 334,82 6,2031 2,0865 8,1576 1,068 0,2 19,35 620,24 837,0774 0,74 1,65 0,012 24,52 20-40 940 440 390,00 253,62 6,1591 2,2972 8,2160 1,117 0,2 18,9 541,82 837,0774 0,65 2,23 0,014 28,92 0-20 1080 580 507,15 299,94 6,3824 2,0265 8,3083 1,052 0,2 18,45 558,51 837,0774 0,67 2,58 0,017 34,40 40-60 40-60 40-60 40-60 40-60 40-60 20,62233 106,64896 20,62305 106,65309 20,62389 106,65728 20,62325 106,66231 20,63906 106,68641 20,64005 106,68956 10 11 80-100 1310 690 592,80 462,77 6,4392 2,4489 8,7923 1,041 0,2 20,3 878,59 837,0774 1,05 0,62 0,007 13,11 60-80 1100 520 437,17 303,67 5,2995 2,1442 7,2625 1,092 0,2 19,4 642,38 837,0774 0,77 1,64 0,013 25,15 1270 580 462,36 335,51 7,0182 2,5337 9,4280 1,051 0,2 19,7 734,65 837,0774 0,88 1,26 0,011 22,15 20-40 1300 680 570,02 437,03 6,3851 2,6205 8,6874 1,138 0,2 19,75 835,50 837,0774 1,00 1,31 0,013 26,13 0-20 1000 500 420,92 292,88 6,5726 2,0777 8,3373 1,177 0,2 18,8 585,76 837,0774 0,70 2,47 0,017 34,60 80-100 1110 500 417,76 265,45 5,9984 2,0876 8,0550 1,015 0,2 19,85 589,30 837,0774 0,70 1,07 0,008 15,01 60-80 1160 520 452,09 295,73 7,0108 2,1522 9,1144 1,023 0,2 19,7 659,71 837,0774 0,79 1,23 0,010 19,35 1150 540 482,16 330,17 6,6979 2,0468 8,9472 0,910 0,2 19,55 703,14 837,0774 0,84 1,23 0,010 20,64 20-40 1200 580 522,37 379,42 6,2944 2,0862 8,3405 1,020 0,2 19,85 785,01 837,0774 0,94 1,07 0,010 20,08 0-20 960 440 380,48 230,35 6,6650 2,1299 8,3522 1,262 0,2 18,85 502,58 837,0774 0,60 2,59 0,016 31,08 80-100 1210 610 577,15 409,62 6,3350 2,3349 8,6174 1,023 0,2 19,9 812,52 837,0774 0,97 1,02 0,010 19,86 60-80 1180 600 548,76 373,3 6,0743 2,0380 8,0742 1,019 0,2 19,95 734,16 837,0774 0,88 0,97 0,008 16,98 1160 590 529,98 358,95 6,6552 2,4038 9,0154 1,018 0,2 19,6 705,73 837,0774 0,84 1,32 0,011 22,33 20-40 1160 630 605,37 401,42 6,3971 2,4191 8,7563 1,025 0,2 19,35 739,12 837,0774 0,88 1,59 0,014 28,07 0-20 920 500 461,27 286,39 6,3455 2,8263 9,0760 1,035 0,2 18,7 526,96 837,0774 0,63 2,28 0,014 28,67 80-100 1230 700 652,4 494,53 5,7650 2,1959 7,9002 1,028 0,2 19,95 868,96 837,0774 1,04 0,98 0,010 20,28 60-80 1100 700 616,48 387,54 5,1573 2,3944 7,4779 1,032 0,2 19,45 608,99 837,0774 0,73 1,50 0,011 21,77 1080 500 470,2 315,26 4,7555 2,1459 6,8560 1,022 0,2 19,3 680,96 837,0774 0,81 1,63 0,013 26,59 20-40 1030 480 449,07 292,36 5,2396 2,0299 7,2224 1,024 0,2 19,25 627,36 837,0774 0,75 1,69 0,013 25,32 0-20 880 480 435,83 231,13 5,8415 2,3343 8,0237 1,070 0,2 17,55 423,74 837,0774 0,51 3,58 0,018 36,28 80-100 1220 500 552,02 418,07 6,1550 2,7862 8,8972 1,016 0,2 20,05 1020,09 837,0774 1,22 0,86 0,011 21,05 60-80 1240 620 573,11 421,77 5,6202 2,3233 7,8933 1,022 0,2 19,8 843,54 837,0774 1,01 1,12 0,011 22,66 1190 620 542,31 361,65 5,5248 2,2507 7,5505 1,111 0,2 19,8 694,13 837,0774 0,83 1,22 0,010 20,27 20-40 1100 520 490,56 318,84 4,8747 2,1467 6,8962 1,062 0,2 18,95 674,47 837,0774 0,81 2,07 0,017 33,37 0-20 1030 610 508,95 323,97 4,8655 2,2236 6,7066 1,208 0,2 18,7 547,03 837,0774 0,65 2,66 0,017 34,73 1200 700 622,62 460,3 4,5865 2,6071 7,1630 1,012 0,2 16,05 789,09 837,0774 0,94 0,81 0,008 15,26 1200 670 645,13 470,47 6,5218 2,0692 8,5638 1,013 0,2 15,9 842,63 837,0774 1,01 0,96 0,010 19,38 1150 610 578,45 348,01 5,7133 2,0997 7,7380 1,037 0,2 15,5 656,08 837,0774 0,78 1,40 0,011 21,95 20-40 1070 600 585,67 402,02 5,3284 2,2740 7,5434 1,027 0,2 15,2 716,94 837,0774 0,86 1,69 0,015 29,02 0-20 1210 540 522,51 364,85 6,5030 2,5101 8,7705 1,107 0,2 14,4 817,53 837,0774 0,98 2,71 0,026 52,98 40-60 40-60 40-60 40-60 40-60 20,64276 106,69232 20,64507 106,69485 20,64837 106,69979 20,65473 106,70188 20,65747 106,70384 80-100 12 60-80 40-60 20,66055 106,70603 13 14 15 16 - CP 17 - CP 80-100 1180 580 494,93 399,26 5,2275 2,6786 7,8909 1,006 0,2 16,2 812,29 837,0774 0,97 0,79 0,008 15,29 60-80 1400 650 582,58 463,53 5,5281 2,4229 7,9330 1,007 0,2 16,15 998,37 837,0774 1,19 0,84 0,010 20,03 1220 580 430,42 310,43 6,4157 2,2248 8,5549 1,040 0,2 15,65 652,97 837,0774 0,78 1,39 0,011 21,63 20-40 1060 530 477,96 330,6 5,4098 2,2643 7,5431 1,061 0,2 14,7 661,20 837,0774 0,79 2,42 0,019 38,29 0-20 1130 550 466,76 311,1 4,9653 2,4284 7,2688 1,054 0,2 14,5 639,17 837,0774 0,76 2,62 0,020 39,98 80-100 1210 650 550,95 402,03 6,7442 2,4455 9,1480 1,017 0,2 15,8 748,39 837,0774 0,89 1,20 0,011 21,53 60-80 1040 600 490,18 341,89 4,7957 2,1419 6,8748 1,030 0,2 15,5 592,61 837,0774 0,71 1,53 0,011 21,64 1130 610 508,53 312,26 5,8890 2,1810 7,9964 1,035 0,2 15 578,45 837,0774 0,69 2,05 0,014 28,37 20-40 1200 590 499,12 305,43 6,1543 2,4927 8,4111 1,105 0,2 14,85 621,21 837,0774 0,74 2,36 0,017 34,97 0-20 1100 600 512,42 322,66 6,5048 2,2459 8,4389 1,161 0,2 13,85 591,54 837,0774 0,71 3,64 0,026 51,42 80-100 1300 630 571,53 427,14 6,5986 2,1259 8,6865 1,018 0,2 15,95 881,40 837,0774 1,05 1,05 0,011 22,16 60-80 1220 610 542,5 371,54 5,3900 2,3338 7,6108 1,051 0,2 15,6 743,08 837,0774 0,89 1,45 0,013 25,81 1200 610 448,46 255,78 6,2189 2,3081 8,4334 1,042 0,2 15,3 503,17 837,0774 0,60 1,75 0,011 21,09 20-40 980 530 545,75 274,04 6,5113 2,1904 8,4015 1,159 0,2 13,9 506,72 837,0774 0,61 3,57 0,022 43,26 0-20 1100 500 532,47 357,91 5,4738 2,2839 7,6001 1,074 0,2 14,8 787,40 837,0774 0,94 2,35 0,022 44,12 80-100 1200 600 461,85 353,47 6,6918 2,7504 9,4052 1,014 0,2 16,1 706,94 837,0774 0,84 0,90 0,008 15,12 60-80 1300 650 604,65 492,52 7,1184 2,5780 9,6574 1,015 0,2 16,25 985,04 837,0774 1,18 0,74 0,009 17,52 1350 700 598,34 455,76 5,3781 2,8489 8,4180 0,937 0,2 16,4 878,97 837,0774 1,05 0,55 0,006 11,48 20-40 1320 700 608,34 468,36 5,3781 2,8489 8,1850 1,015 0,2 16,3 883,19 837,0774 1,06 0,69 0,007 14,64 0-20 1300 680 586,45 447,73 6,4994 2,6565 9,1167 1,015 0,2 16 855,95 837,0774 1,02 1,00 0,010 20,41 80-100 1300 610 532,35 418,99 5,7367 2,7716 8,3775 1,050 0,2 16,2 892,93 837,0774 1,07 0,68 0,007 14,55 60-80 1300 590 493,53 408,58 6,0841 2,2430 8,3083 1,008 0,2 16,5 900,26 837,0774 1,08 0,35 0,004 7,59 1330 600 539,5 412,83 5,4524 2,1066 7,5397 1,009 0,2 16,1 915,11 837,0774 1,09 0,76 0,008 16,55 20-40 1200 580 505,48 348,33 6,3313 2,5362 8,8307 1,015 0,2 16,2 720,68 837,0774 0,86 0,66 0,006 11,36 0-20 1200 600 511,57 399,56 5,5732 2,6552 8,2024 1,010 0,2 16,4 799,12 837,0774 0,95 0,45 0,004 8,68 40-60 40-60 40-60 40-60 40-60 20,6654 106,70415 20,67964 106,69829 20,68386 106,69537 20,62948 106,69428 20,62414 106,68467 Pictures of field trip ... situation in Tien Lang This work ― Estimation of carbon stockse of coastal mangroves using Sentinel 2A in Tien Lang district, Hai Phong city, Vietnam ― has provided further investigation into the...PUBLICATION Hai- Hoa, N., Khanh Linh, D.V., An, L.T., Ngoc Lan, T.T., Huu Nghia, N (2018) Estimation of carbon stocks of coastal mangroves using Sentinel 2A in Tien Lang district, Hai Phong city, Vietnam. .. consent of Vietnam Forestry University, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development faculty, I conducted the study: ? ?Carbon storage estimation of mangrove forest using Sentinel 2A in Tien Lang district,